Comparative Investigation of Gene Regulatory Processes Underlying Avian Influenza Viruses in Chicken and Duck
The avian influenza virus (AIV) mainly affects birds and not only causes animals’ deaths, but also poses a great risk of zoonotically infecting humans. While ducks and wild waterfowl are seen as a natural reservoir for AIVs and can withstand most virus strains, chicken mostly succumb to infection wi...
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MDPI AG
2022-01-01
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| author | Selina Klees Johanna-Sophie Schlüter Jendrik Schellhorn Hendrik Bertram Antje Christine Kurzweg Faisal Ramzan Armin Otto Schmitt Mehmet Gültas |
| author_facet | Selina Klees Johanna-Sophie Schlüter Jendrik Schellhorn Hendrik Bertram Antje Christine Kurzweg Faisal Ramzan Armin Otto Schmitt Mehmet Gültas |
| author_sort | Selina Klees |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The avian influenza virus (AIV) mainly affects birds and not only causes animals’ deaths, but also poses a great risk of zoonotically infecting humans. While ducks and wild waterfowl are seen as a natural reservoir for AIVs and can withstand most virus strains, chicken mostly succumb to infection with high pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI). To date, the mechanisms underlying the susceptibility of chicken and the effective immune response of duck have not been completely unraveled. In this study, we investigate the transcriptional gene regulation underlying disease progression in chicken and duck after AIV infection. For this purpose, we use a publicly available RNA-sequencing dataset from chicken and ducks infected with low-pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI) H5N2 and HPAI H5N1 (lung and ileum tissues, 1 and 3 days post-infection). Unlike previous studies, we performed a promoter analysis based on orthologous genes to detect important transcription factors (TFs) and their cooperation, based on which we apply a systems biology approach to identify common and species-specific master regulators. We found master regulators such as EGR1, FOS, and SP1, specifically for chicken and ETS1 and SMAD3/4, specifically for duck, which could be responsible for the duck’s effective and the chicken’s ineffective immune response. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T22:34:27Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0afc418cc268484d88859a4f01960efe |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-7737 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T22:34:27Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biology |
| spelling | doaj.art-0afc418cc268484d88859a4f01960efe2023-11-23T18:49:54ZengMDPI AGBiology2079-77372022-01-0111221910.3390/biology11020219Comparative Investigation of Gene Regulatory Processes Underlying Avian Influenza Viruses in Chicken and DuckSelina Klees0Johanna-Sophie Schlüter1Jendrik Schellhorn2Hendrik Bertram3Antje Christine Kurzweg4Faisal Ramzan5Armin Otto Schmitt6Mehmet Gültas7Breeding Informatics Group, Department of Animal Sciences, Georg-August University, Margarethe von Wrangell-Weg 7, 37075 Göttingen, GermanyBreeding Informatics Group, Department of Animal Sciences, Georg-August University, Margarethe von Wrangell-Weg 7, 37075 Göttingen, GermanyDepartment of Bioinformatics, Institute for Microbiology and Genetics, Georg-August University, Goldschmidtstr. 1, 37075 Göttingen, GermanyBreeding Informatics Group, Department of Animal Sciences, Georg-August University, Margarethe von Wrangell-Weg 7, 37075 Göttingen, GermanyBreeding Informatics Group, Department of Animal Sciences, Georg-August University, Margarethe von Wrangell-Weg 7, 37075 Göttingen, GermanyBreeding Informatics Group, Department of Animal Sciences, Georg-August University, Margarethe von Wrangell-Weg 7, 37075 Göttingen, GermanyBreeding Informatics Group, Department of Animal Sciences, Georg-August University, Margarethe von Wrangell-Weg 7, 37075 Göttingen, GermanyCenter for Integrated Breeding Research (CiBreed), Georg-August University, Carl-Sprengel-Weg 1, 37075 Göttingen, GermanyThe avian influenza virus (AIV) mainly affects birds and not only causes animals’ deaths, but also poses a great risk of zoonotically infecting humans. While ducks and wild waterfowl are seen as a natural reservoir for AIVs and can withstand most virus strains, chicken mostly succumb to infection with high pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI). To date, the mechanisms underlying the susceptibility of chicken and the effective immune response of duck have not been completely unraveled. In this study, we investigate the transcriptional gene regulation underlying disease progression in chicken and duck after AIV infection. For this purpose, we use a publicly available RNA-sequencing dataset from chicken and ducks infected with low-pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI) H5N2 and HPAI H5N1 (lung and ileum tissues, 1 and 3 days post-infection). Unlike previous studies, we performed a promoter analysis based on orthologous genes to detect important transcription factors (TFs) and their cooperation, based on which we apply a systems biology approach to identify common and species-specific master regulators. We found master regulators such as EGR1, FOS, and SP1, specifically for chicken and ETS1 and SMAD3/4, specifically for duck, which could be responsible for the duck’s effective and the chicken’s ineffective immune response.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/11/2/219avian influenzachickenduckmallardgene regulationdifferentially expressed genes |
| spellingShingle | Selina Klees Johanna-Sophie Schlüter Jendrik Schellhorn Hendrik Bertram Antje Christine Kurzweg Faisal Ramzan Armin Otto Schmitt Mehmet Gültas Comparative Investigation of Gene Regulatory Processes Underlying Avian Influenza Viruses in Chicken and Duck Biology avian influenza chicken duck mallard gene regulation differentially expressed genes |
| title | Comparative Investigation of Gene Regulatory Processes Underlying Avian Influenza Viruses in Chicken and Duck |
| title_full | Comparative Investigation of Gene Regulatory Processes Underlying Avian Influenza Viruses in Chicken and Duck |
| title_fullStr | Comparative Investigation of Gene Regulatory Processes Underlying Avian Influenza Viruses in Chicken and Duck |
| title_full_unstemmed | Comparative Investigation of Gene Regulatory Processes Underlying Avian Influenza Viruses in Chicken and Duck |
| title_short | Comparative Investigation of Gene Regulatory Processes Underlying Avian Influenza Viruses in Chicken and Duck |
| title_sort | comparative investigation of gene regulatory processes underlying avian influenza viruses in chicken and duck |
| topic | avian influenza chicken duck mallard gene regulation differentially expressed genes |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/11/2/219 |
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