Enhancing Efficacy of a Brief Obesity and Eating Disorder Prevention Program: Long-Term Results from an Experimental Therapeutics Trial
<b>Objective</b>: Test whether the efficacy of <i>Project Health</i>, an obesity/eating disorder prevention program, is improved by delivering it in single-sex groups and adding food response inhibition and attention training. <b>Method</b>: High-risk young adults...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-02-01
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| Series: | Nutrients |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/4/1008 |
| _version_ | 1797618857138978816 |
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| author | Eric Stice Paul Rohde Meghan L. Butryn Christopher Desjardins Heather Shaw |
| author_facet | Eric Stice Paul Rohde Meghan L. Butryn Christopher Desjardins Heather Shaw |
| author_sort | Eric Stice |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <b>Objective</b>: Test whether the efficacy of <i>Project Health</i>, an obesity/eating disorder prevention program, is improved by delivering it in single-sex groups and adding food response inhibition and attention training. <b>Method</b>: High-risk young adults (<i>N</i> = 261; <i>M</i> age = 19.3, 74% female) were randomized to (1) single-sex or (2) mixed-sex groups that completed food response inhibition and attention training or (3) single-sex or (4) mixed-sex groups that completed sham training with nonfood images in a 2 × 2 factorial design. <b>Results</b>: There was a significant sex-composition by training-type by time interaction; participants who completed single- or mixed-sex <i>Project Health</i> groups plus food response and attention training showed significant reductions in body fat over a 2-year follow-up, though this effect was more rapid and persistent in single-sex groups, whereas those who completed single- or mixed-sex <i>Project Health</i> groups plus sham training did not show body fat change. However, there were no differences in overweight/obesity onset over the follow-up. The manipulated factors did not affect eating disorder symptoms or eating disorder onset, but there was a significant reduction in symptoms across the conditions (within-condition <i>d</i> = −0.58), converging with prior evidence that <i>Project Health</i> produced larger reductions in symptoms (within-condition <i>d</i> = −0.48) than educational control participants. Average eating disorder onset over the 2-year follow-up (6.4%) was similar to that observed in <i>Project Health</i> in a past trial (4.5%). <b>Conclusions</b>: Given that <i>Project Health</i> significantly reduced future onset of overweight/obesity in a prior trial and the present trial found that body fat loss effects were significantly greater when implemented in single-sex groups and paired with food response and attention training, there might be value in broadly implementing this combined intervention. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T08:18:32Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0b09d98653d1489ca27e28094b472c76 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6643 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T08:18:32Z |
| publishDate | 2023-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nutrients |
| spelling | doaj.art-0b09d98653d1489ca27e28094b472c762023-11-16T22:31:59ZengMDPI AGNutrients2072-66432023-02-01154100810.3390/nu15041008Enhancing Efficacy of a Brief Obesity and Eating Disorder Prevention Program: Long-Term Results from an Experimental Therapeutics TrialEric Stice0Paul Rohde1Meghan L. Butryn2Christopher Desjardins3Heather Shaw4Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, 401 Quarry Road Stanford, Stanford, CA 94305, USAOregon Research Institute, Springfield, OR 97477, USADepartment of Psychology, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USADepartment of Statistics, Saint Michaels College, Colchester, VT 05439, USADepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, 401 Quarry Road Stanford, Stanford, CA 94305, USA<b>Objective</b>: Test whether the efficacy of <i>Project Health</i>, an obesity/eating disorder prevention program, is improved by delivering it in single-sex groups and adding food response inhibition and attention training. <b>Method</b>: High-risk young adults (<i>N</i> = 261; <i>M</i> age = 19.3, 74% female) were randomized to (1) single-sex or (2) mixed-sex groups that completed food response inhibition and attention training or (3) single-sex or (4) mixed-sex groups that completed sham training with nonfood images in a 2 × 2 factorial design. <b>Results</b>: There was a significant sex-composition by training-type by time interaction; participants who completed single- or mixed-sex <i>Project Health</i> groups plus food response and attention training showed significant reductions in body fat over a 2-year follow-up, though this effect was more rapid and persistent in single-sex groups, whereas those who completed single- or mixed-sex <i>Project Health</i> groups plus sham training did not show body fat change. However, there were no differences in overweight/obesity onset over the follow-up. The manipulated factors did not affect eating disorder symptoms or eating disorder onset, but there was a significant reduction in symptoms across the conditions (within-condition <i>d</i> = −0.58), converging with prior evidence that <i>Project Health</i> produced larger reductions in symptoms (within-condition <i>d</i> = −0.48) than educational control participants. Average eating disorder onset over the 2-year follow-up (6.4%) was similar to that observed in <i>Project Health</i> in a past trial (4.5%). <b>Conclusions</b>: Given that <i>Project Health</i> significantly reduced future onset of overweight/obesity in a prior trial and the present trial found that body fat loss effects were significantly greater when implemented in single-sex groups and paired with food response and attention training, there might be value in broadly implementing this combined intervention.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/4/1008preventionobesityeating disorderexperimental therapeuticsresponse training |
| spellingShingle | Eric Stice Paul Rohde Meghan L. Butryn Christopher Desjardins Heather Shaw Enhancing Efficacy of a Brief Obesity and Eating Disorder Prevention Program: Long-Term Results from an Experimental Therapeutics Trial Nutrients prevention obesity eating disorder experimental therapeutics response training |
| title | Enhancing Efficacy of a Brief Obesity and Eating Disorder Prevention Program: Long-Term Results from an Experimental Therapeutics Trial |
| title_full | Enhancing Efficacy of a Brief Obesity and Eating Disorder Prevention Program: Long-Term Results from an Experimental Therapeutics Trial |
| title_fullStr | Enhancing Efficacy of a Brief Obesity and Eating Disorder Prevention Program: Long-Term Results from an Experimental Therapeutics Trial |
| title_full_unstemmed | Enhancing Efficacy of a Brief Obesity and Eating Disorder Prevention Program: Long-Term Results from an Experimental Therapeutics Trial |
| title_short | Enhancing Efficacy of a Brief Obesity and Eating Disorder Prevention Program: Long-Term Results from an Experimental Therapeutics Trial |
| title_sort | enhancing efficacy of a brief obesity and eating disorder prevention program long term results from an experimental therapeutics trial |
| topic | prevention obesity eating disorder experimental therapeutics response training |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/4/1008 |
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