Impact of the Primary Break-Up Strategy on the Morphology of GDI Sprays in 3D-CFD Simulations of Multi-Hole Injectors
The scientific literature focusing on the numerical simulation of fuel sprays is rich in atomization and secondary break-up models. However, it is well known that the predictive capability of even the most diffused models is affected by the combination of injection parameters and operating condition...
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MDPI AG
2019-07-01
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| Series: | Energies |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/12/15/2890 |
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| author | Simone Sparacino Fabio Berni Alessandro d’Adamo Vesselin Krassimirov Krastev Andrea Cavicchi Lucio Postrioti |
| author_facet | Simone Sparacino Fabio Berni Alessandro d’Adamo Vesselin Krassimirov Krastev Andrea Cavicchi Lucio Postrioti |
| author_sort | Simone Sparacino |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The scientific literature focusing on the numerical simulation of fuel sprays is rich in atomization and secondary break-up models. However, it is well known that the predictive capability of even the most diffused models is affected by the combination of injection parameters and operating conditions, especially backpressure. In this paper, an alternative atomization strategy is proposed for the 3D-Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation of Gasoline Direct Injection (GDI) sprays, aiming at extending simulation predictive capabilities over a wider range of operating conditions. In particular, attention is focused on the effects of back pressure, which has a remarkable impact on both the morphology and the sizing of GDI sprays. 3D-CFD Lagrangian simulations of two different multi-hole injectors are presented. The first injector is a 5-hole GDI prototype unit operated at ambient conditions. The second one is the well-known Spray G, characterized by a higher back pressure (up to 0.6 MPa). Numerical results are compared against experiments in terms of liquid penetration and Phase Doppler Anemometry (PDA) data of droplet sizing/velocity and imaging. CFD results are demonstrated to be highly sensitive to spray vessel pressure, mainly because of the atomization strategy. The proposed alternative approach proves to strongly reduce such dependency. Moreover, in order to further validate the alternative primary break-up strategy adopted for the initialization of the droplets, an internal nozzle flow simulation is carried out on the Spray G injector, able to provide information on the characteristic diameter of the liquid column exiting from the nozzle. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T22:29:00Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0b2c4c7165244a91a29e613ad60eace0 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1073 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T22:29:00Z |
| publishDate | 2019-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Energies |
| spelling | doaj.art-0b2c4c7165244a91a29e613ad60eace02022-12-22T03:59:34ZengMDPI AGEnergies1996-10732019-07-011215289010.3390/en12152890en12152890Impact of the Primary Break-Up Strategy on the Morphology of GDI Sprays in 3D-CFD Simulations of Multi-Hole InjectorsSimone Sparacino0Fabio Berni1Alessandro d’Adamo2Vesselin Krassimirov Krastev3Andrea Cavicchi4Lucio Postrioti5Dipartimento di Ingegneria “Enzo Ferrari”, Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, ItalyDipartimento di Ingegneria “Enzo Ferrari”, Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, ItalyDipartimento di Ingegneria “Enzo Ferrari”, Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, ItalyDipartimento di Ingegneria dell’Impresa “Mario Lucertini”, Università di Roma “Tor Vergata”, via del Politecnico 1, 00133 Roma, ItalyDipartimento di Ingegneria, Università di Perugia, via Duranti 67, 06125 Perugia, ItalyDipartimento di Ingegneria, Università di Perugia, via Duranti 67, 06125 Perugia, ItalyThe scientific literature focusing on the numerical simulation of fuel sprays is rich in atomization and secondary break-up models. However, it is well known that the predictive capability of even the most diffused models is affected by the combination of injection parameters and operating conditions, especially backpressure. In this paper, an alternative atomization strategy is proposed for the 3D-Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation of Gasoline Direct Injection (GDI) sprays, aiming at extending simulation predictive capabilities over a wider range of operating conditions. In particular, attention is focused on the effects of back pressure, which has a remarkable impact on both the morphology and the sizing of GDI sprays. 3D-CFD Lagrangian simulations of two different multi-hole injectors are presented. The first injector is a 5-hole GDI prototype unit operated at ambient conditions. The second one is the well-known Spray G, characterized by a higher back pressure (up to 0.6 MPa). Numerical results are compared against experiments in terms of liquid penetration and Phase Doppler Anemometry (PDA) data of droplet sizing/velocity and imaging. CFD results are demonstrated to be highly sensitive to spray vessel pressure, mainly because of the atomization strategy. The proposed alternative approach proves to strongly reduce such dependency. Moreover, in order to further validate the alternative primary break-up strategy adopted for the initialization of the droplets, an internal nozzle flow simulation is carried out on the Spray G injector, able to provide information on the characteristic diameter of the liquid column exiting from the nozzle.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/12/15/28903D-CFD simulationGDI multi-hole injectorfuel sprayatomizationbreak-upLagrangian simulationinternal nozzle flow simulation |
| spellingShingle | Simone Sparacino Fabio Berni Alessandro d’Adamo Vesselin Krassimirov Krastev Andrea Cavicchi Lucio Postrioti Impact of the Primary Break-Up Strategy on the Morphology of GDI Sprays in 3D-CFD Simulations of Multi-Hole Injectors Energies 3D-CFD simulation GDI multi-hole injector fuel spray atomization break-up Lagrangian simulation internal nozzle flow simulation |
| title | Impact of the Primary Break-Up Strategy on the Morphology of GDI Sprays in 3D-CFD Simulations of Multi-Hole Injectors |
| title_full | Impact of the Primary Break-Up Strategy on the Morphology of GDI Sprays in 3D-CFD Simulations of Multi-Hole Injectors |
| title_fullStr | Impact of the Primary Break-Up Strategy on the Morphology of GDI Sprays in 3D-CFD Simulations of Multi-Hole Injectors |
| title_full_unstemmed | Impact of the Primary Break-Up Strategy on the Morphology of GDI Sprays in 3D-CFD Simulations of Multi-Hole Injectors |
| title_short | Impact of the Primary Break-Up Strategy on the Morphology of GDI Sprays in 3D-CFD Simulations of Multi-Hole Injectors |
| title_sort | impact of the primary break up strategy on the morphology of gdi sprays in 3d cfd simulations of multi hole injectors |
| topic | 3D-CFD simulation GDI multi-hole injector fuel spray atomization break-up Lagrangian simulation internal nozzle flow simulation |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/12/15/2890 |
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