High Exposure to Livestock Pathogens in Southern Pudu (<i>Pudu puda</i>) from Chile
A significant gap in exposure data for most livestock and zoonotic pathogens is common for several Latin America deer species. This study examined the seroprevalence against 13 pathogens in 164 wild and captive southern pudu from Chile between 2011 and 2023. Livestock and zoonotic pathogen antibodie...
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MDPI AG
2024-02-01
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| Series: | Animals |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/14/4/526 |
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| author | Ezequiel Hidalgo-Hermoso Sebastián Verasay Caviedes Jose Pizarro-Lucero Javier Cabello Rocio Vicencio Sebastián Celis Carolina Ortiz Ignacio Kemec Nour Abuhadba-Mediano Ronie Asencio Frank Vera Carola Valencia Rocio Lagos Dario Moreira-Arce Fernanda Salinas Galia Ramirez-Toloza Raul Muñoz-Quijano Victor Neira Rodrigo Salgado Pedro Abalos Barbara Parra Simone Cárdenas-Cáceres Nicolás A. Muena Nicole D. Tischler Itziar Del Pozo Gorka Aduriz Fernando Esperon Sebastián Muñoz-Leal Paula Aravena Raúl Alegría-Morán Raul Cuadrado-Matías Francisco Ruiz-Fons |
| author_facet | Ezequiel Hidalgo-Hermoso Sebastián Verasay Caviedes Jose Pizarro-Lucero Javier Cabello Rocio Vicencio Sebastián Celis Carolina Ortiz Ignacio Kemec Nour Abuhadba-Mediano Ronie Asencio Frank Vera Carola Valencia Rocio Lagos Dario Moreira-Arce Fernanda Salinas Galia Ramirez-Toloza Raul Muñoz-Quijano Victor Neira Rodrigo Salgado Pedro Abalos Barbara Parra Simone Cárdenas-Cáceres Nicolás A. Muena Nicole D. Tischler Itziar Del Pozo Gorka Aduriz Fernando Esperon Sebastián Muñoz-Leal Paula Aravena Raúl Alegría-Morán Raul Cuadrado-Matías Francisco Ruiz-Fons |
| author_sort | Ezequiel Hidalgo-Hermoso |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | A significant gap in exposure data for most livestock and zoonotic pathogens is common for several Latin America deer species. This study examined the seroprevalence against 13 pathogens in 164 wild and captive southern pudu from Chile between 2011 and 2023. Livestock and zoonotic pathogen antibodies were detected in 22 of 109 wild pudus (20.18%; 95% CI: 13.34–29.18) and 17 of 55 captive pudus (30.91%; 95% CI: 19.52–44.96), including five <i>Leptospira interrogans</i> serovars (15.38% and 10.71%), <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i> (8.57% and 37.50%), <i>Chlamydia abortus</i> (3.03% and 12.82%), <i>Neospora caninum</i> (0.00% and 9.52%), and <i>Pestivirus</i> (8.00% and 6.67%). Risk factors were detected for <i>Leptospira</i> spp., showing that fawn pudu have statistically significantly higher risk of positivity than adults. In the case of <i>T. gondii</i>, pudu living in “free-range” have a lower risk of being positive for this parasite. In under-human-care pudu, a <i>Pestivirus</i> outbreak is the most strongly suspected as the cause of abortions in a zoo in the past. This study presents the first evidence of <i>Chlamydia abortus</i> in wildlife in South America and exposure to <i>T. gondii</i>, <i>L. interrogans</i>, and <i>N. caninum</i> in wild ungulate species in Chile. High seroprevalence of livestock pathogens such as <i>Pestivirus</i> and <i>Leptospira</i> Hardjo in wild animals suggests a livestock transmission in Chilean template forest. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-07T22:45:11Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0b3b36bd6cef42c495bb5956cd22a378 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-2615 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-07T22:45:11Z |
| publishDate | 2024-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Animals |
| spelling | doaj.art-0b3b36bd6cef42c495bb5956cd22a3782024-02-23T15:04:32ZengMDPI AGAnimals2076-26152024-02-0114452610.3390/ani14040526High Exposure to Livestock Pathogens in Southern Pudu (<i>Pudu puda</i>) from ChileEzequiel Hidalgo-Hermoso0Sebastián Verasay Caviedes1Jose Pizarro-Lucero2Javier Cabello3Rocio Vicencio4Sebastián Celis5Carolina Ortiz6Ignacio Kemec7Nour Abuhadba-Mediano8Ronie Asencio9Frank Vera10Carola Valencia11Rocio Lagos12Dario Moreira-Arce13Fernanda Salinas14Galia Ramirez-Toloza15Raul Muñoz-Quijano16Victor Neira17Rodrigo Salgado18Pedro Abalos19Barbara Parra20Simone Cárdenas-Cáceres21Nicolás A. Muena22Nicole D. Tischler23Itziar Del Pozo24Gorka Aduriz25Fernando Esperon26Sebastián Muñoz-Leal27Paula Aravena28Raúl Alegría-Morán29Raul Cuadrado-Matías30Francisco Ruiz-Fons31Fundacion Buin Zoo, Panamericana Sur Km 32, Buin 9500000, ChileFacultad de Ciencias Veterinarias y Pecuarias, Universidad de Chile, Av. Santa Rosa, Santiago 8820808, ChileFacultad de Ciencias Veterinarias y Pecuarias, Universidad de Chile, Av. Santa Rosa, Santiago 8820808, ChileCentro de Conservación de la Biodiversidad Chiloé-Silvestre, Nal Bajo, Ancud 5710000, ChileFacultad de Ciencias Veterinarias y Pecuarias, Universidad de Chile, Av. Santa Rosa, Santiago 8820808, ChileDepartamento de Veterinaria, Parque Zoológico Buin Zoo, Panamericana Sur Km 32, Buin 9500000, ChileDepartamento de Veterinaria, Parque Zoológico Buin Zoo, Panamericana Sur Km 32, Buin 9500000, ChileDepartamento de Veterinaria, Parque Zoológico Buin Zoo, Panamericana Sur Km 32, Buin 9500000, ChileEscuela de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad Mayor, Camino La Pirámide 5750, Santiago 7580506, ChileCentro de Conservación de la Biodiversidad Chiloé-Silvestre, Nal Bajo, Ancud 5710000, ChileSchool of Veterinary Medicine, Facultad de Ciencias de la Naturaleza, Universidad San Sebastian, Patagonia Campus, Puerto Montt 5480000, ChileSchool of Veterinary Medicine, Facultad de Ciencias de la Naturaleza, Universidad San Sebastian, Patagonia Campus, Puerto Montt 5480000, ChileLaboratorio Clínico, Hospital Veterinario SOS Buin Zoo, Panamericana Sur Km 32, Buin 9500000, ChileDepartamento de Gestión Agraria, Universidad de Santiago de Chile (USACH), Santiago 9170022, ChileFundacion Buin Zoo, Panamericana Sur Km 32, Buin 9500000, ChileFacultad de Ciencias Veterinarias y Pecuarias, Universidad de Chile, Av. Santa Rosa, Santiago 8820808, ChileFacultad de Ciencias Veterinarias y Pecuarias, Universidad de Chile, Av. Santa Rosa, Santiago 8820808, ChileFacultad de Ciencias Veterinarias y Pecuarias, Universidad de Chile, Av. Santa Rosa, Santiago 8820808, ChileFacultad de Ciencias Veterinarias y Pecuarias, Universidad de Chile, Av. Santa Rosa, Santiago 8820808, ChileFacultad de Ciencias Veterinarias y Pecuarias, Universidad de Chile, Av. Santa Rosa, Santiago 8820808, ChileFacultad de Ciencias Veterinarias y Pecuarias, Universidad de Chile, Av. Santa Rosa, Santiago 8820808, ChileLaboratorio de Virología Molecular, Fundación Ciencia & Vida, Av. del Valle Nte. 725, Huechuraba, Santiago 8580704, ChileLaboratorio de Virología Molecular, Fundación Ciencia & Vida, Av. del Valle Nte. 725, Huechuraba, Santiago 8580704, ChileLaboratorio de Virología Molecular, Fundación Ciencia & Vida, Av. del Valle Nte. 725, Huechuraba, Santiago 8580704, ChileDepartment of Animal Health, NEIKER-Basque Institute for Agricultural Research and Development, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Parque Científico y Tecnológico de Bizkaia, P812, 48160 Derio, SpainDepartment of Animal Health, NEIKER-Basque Institute for Agricultural Research and Development, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Parque Científico y Tecnológico de Bizkaia, P812, 48160 Derio, SpainVeterinary Department, School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, C/Tajo s/n, 28670 Villaviciosa de Odón, SpainDepartamento de Ciencia Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad de Concepción, Chillán 3812120, ChileDepartamento de Ciencia Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad de Concepción, Chillán 3812120, ChileEscuela de Medicina Veterinaria, Sede Santiago, Facultad de Recursos Naturales y Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad Santo Tomás, Ejercito Libertador 146, Santiago 8370003, ChileHealth & Biotechnology (SaBio) Group, Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos IREC (CSIC-UCLM-JCCM), 13005 Ciudad Real, SpainHealth & Biotechnology (SaBio) Group, Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos IREC (CSIC-UCLM-JCCM), 13005 Ciudad Real, SpainA significant gap in exposure data for most livestock and zoonotic pathogens is common for several Latin America deer species. This study examined the seroprevalence against 13 pathogens in 164 wild and captive southern pudu from Chile between 2011 and 2023. Livestock and zoonotic pathogen antibodies were detected in 22 of 109 wild pudus (20.18%; 95% CI: 13.34–29.18) and 17 of 55 captive pudus (30.91%; 95% CI: 19.52–44.96), including five <i>Leptospira interrogans</i> serovars (15.38% and 10.71%), <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i> (8.57% and 37.50%), <i>Chlamydia abortus</i> (3.03% and 12.82%), <i>Neospora caninum</i> (0.00% and 9.52%), and <i>Pestivirus</i> (8.00% and 6.67%). Risk factors were detected for <i>Leptospira</i> spp., showing that fawn pudu have statistically significantly higher risk of positivity than adults. In the case of <i>T. gondii</i>, pudu living in “free-range” have a lower risk of being positive for this parasite. In under-human-care pudu, a <i>Pestivirus</i> outbreak is the most strongly suspected as the cause of abortions in a zoo in the past. This study presents the first evidence of <i>Chlamydia abortus</i> in wildlife in South America and exposure to <i>T. gondii</i>, <i>L. interrogans</i>, and <i>N. caninum</i> in wild ungulate species in Chile. High seroprevalence of livestock pathogens such as <i>Pestivirus</i> and <i>Leptospira</i> Hardjo in wild animals suggests a livestock transmission in Chilean template forest.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/14/4/526<i>Leptospira interrogans</i><i>Pestivirus</i>ELISA<i>Chamydia abortus</i>conservationpudu |
| spellingShingle | Ezequiel Hidalgo-Hermoso Sebastián Verasay Caviedes Jose Pizarro-Lucero Javier Cabello Rocio Vicencio Sebastián Celis Carolina Ortiz Ignacio Kemec Nour Abuhadba-Mediano Ronie Asencio Frank Vera Carola Valencia Rocio Lagos Dario Moreira-Arce Fernanda Salinas Galia Ramirez-Toloza Raul Muñoz-Quijano Victor Neira Rodrigo Salgado Pedro Abalos Barbara Parra Simone Cárdenas-Cáceres Nicolás A. Muena Nicole D. Tischler Itziar Del Pozo Gorka Aduriz Fernando Esperon Sebastián Muñoz-Leal Paula Aravena Raúl Alegría-Morán Raul Cuadrado-Matías Francisco Ruiz-Fons High Exposure to Livestock Pathogens in Southern Pudu (<i>Pudu puda</i>) from Chile Animals <i>Leptospira interrogans</i> <i>Pestivirus</i> ELISA <i>Chamydia abortus</i> conservation pudu |
| title | High Exposure to Livestock Pathogens in Southern Pudu (<i>Pudu puda</i>) from Chile |
| title_full | High Exposure to Livestock Pathogens in Southern Pudu (<i>Pudu puda</i>) from Chile |
| title_fullStr | High Exposure to Livestock Pathogens in Southern Pudu (<i>Pudu puda</i>) from Chile |
| title_full_unstemmed | High Exposure to Livestock Pathogens in Southern Pudu (<i>Pudu puda</i>) from Chile |
| title_short | High Exposure to Livestock Pathogens in Southern Pudu (<i>Pudu puda</i>) from Chile |
| title_sort | high exposure to livestock pathogens in southern pudu i pudu puda i from chile |
| topic | <i>Leptospira interrogans</i> <i>Pestivirus</i> ELISA <i>Chamydia abortus</i> conservation pudu |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/14/4/526 |
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