Adsorptive pretreatment of waste cooking oil using quicklime for fatty acid methyl esters synthesis
Synthesis of biodiesel from various plant oils is realized by the transesterification of triglycerides with methanol or by a reaction usually defined as methanolysis. The usage of low-quality oils, such as waste cooking oil (WCO), is followed by undesirable side reactions as a result of the increase...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Association of Chemical Engineers of Serbia
2023-01-01
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| Series: | Hemijska Industrija |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doiserbia.nb.rs/img/doi/0367-598X/2023/0367-598X2300005L.pdf |
| _version_ | 1797807560881864704 |
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| author | Lukić Ivana Kesić Željka Zdujić Miodrag Skala Dejan |
| author_facet | Lukić Ivana Kesić Željka Zdujić Miodrag Skala Dejan |
| author_sort | Lukić Ivana |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Synthesis of biodiesel from various plant oils is realized by the transesterification of triglycerides with methanol or by a reaction usually defined as methanolysis. The usage of low-quality oils, such as waste cooking oil (WCO), is followed by undesirable side reactions as a result of the increased content of free fatty acids (FFA), and water. The presence of FFA in WCO usually requires a pretreatment stage before subjecting it to methanolysis. In the present work, heterogeneously catalyzed methanolysis of WCO with and without pretreatment was investigated. Removal of FFA from WCO was conducted by using only quicklime or with the addition of a small amount of methanol (FFA to methanol = 1:3 molar ratio). The obtained results showed that pretreatment of WCO with quicklime at 30 °C after 1 h reduces the FFA content by 72 %, while the adsorption capacity was determined to be 910 mg g-1. The adsorptive pretreatment, as a simple operation, using low-cost quicklime under mild conditions, had a positive effect on the transesterification rate with CaO∙ZnO as a catalyst, enabling the achievement of over 96 % of biodiesel yield in only 15 min, compared to 1 h without the pretreatment. Furthermore, pretreated WCO allows an increase in repeated catalyst use and overall savings in the necessary amount of catalyst. The present study showed that quicklime is an economic, environmental-friendly, and sustainable material for FFA removal from WCO. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-13T06:24:25Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0b405256911848abbe5c01f6d2369694 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0367-598X 2217-7426 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-13T06:24:25Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | Association of Chemical Engineers of Serbia |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Hemijska Industrija |
| spelling | doaj.art-0b405256911848abbe5c01f6d23696942023-06-09T10:42:10ZengAssociation of Chemical Engineers of SerbiaHemijska Industrija0367-598X2217-74262023-01-01771698410.2298/HEMIND220628005L0367-598X2300005LAdsorptive pretreatment of waste cooking oil using quicklime for fatty acid methyl esters synthesisLukić Ivana0https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6406-5813Kesić Željka1https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5134-9227Zdujić Miodrag2https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5747-4130Skala Dejan3University of Belgrade, Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, Belgrade, SerbiaUniversity of Belgrade, Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, Belgrade, SerbiaInstitute of Technical Sciences of the Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Belgrade, SerbiaUniversity of Belgrade, Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, Belgrade, SerbiaSynthesis of biodiesel from various plant oils is realized by the transesterification of triglycerides with methanol or by a reaction usually defined as methanolysis. The usage of low-quality oils, such as waste cooking oil (WCO), is followed by undesirable side reactions as a result of the increased content of free fatty acids (FFA), and water. The presence of FFA in WCO usually requires a pretreatment stage before subjecting it to methanolysis. In the present work, heterogeneously catalyzed methanolysis of WCO with and without pretreatment was investigated. Removal of FFA from WCO was conducted by using only quicklime or with the addition of a small amount of methanol (FFA to methanol = 1:3 molar ratio). The obtained results showed that pretreatment of WCO with quicklime at 30 °C after 1 h reduces the FFA content by 72 %, while the adsorption capacity was determined to be 910 mg g-1. The adsorptive pretreatment, as a simple operation, using low-cost quicklime under mild conditions, had a positive effect on the transesterification rate with CaO∙ZnO as a catalyst, enabling the achievement of over 96 % of biodiesel yield in only 15 min, compared to 1 h without the pretreatment. Furthermore, pretreated WCO allows an increase in repeated catalyst use and overall savings in the necessary amount of catalyst. The present study showed that quicklime is an economic, environmental-friendly, and sustainable material for FFA removal from WCO.https://doiserbia.nb.rs/img/doi/0367-598X/2023/0367-598X2300005L.pdfbiodieseladsorptioncao∙znomethanolysis |
| spellingShingle | Lukić Ivana Kesić Željka Zdujić Miodrag Skala Dejan Adsorptive pretreatment of waste cooking oil using quicklime for fatty acid methyl esters synthesis Hemijska Industrija biodiesel adsorption cao∙zno methanolysis |
| title | Adsorptive pretreatment of waste cooking oil using quicklime for fatty acid methyl esters synthesis |
| title_full | Adsorptive pretreatment of waste cooking oil using quicklime for fatty acid methyl esters synthesis |
| title_fullStr | Adsorptive pretreatment of waste cooking oil using quicklime for fatty acid methyl esters synthesis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Adsorptive pretreatment of waste cooking oil using quicklime for fatty acid methyl esters synthesis |
| title_short | Adsorptive pretreatment of waste cooking oil using quicklime for fatty acid methyl esters synthesis |
| title_sort | adsorptive pretreatment of waste cooking oil using quicklime for fatty acid methyl esters synthesis |
| topic | biodiesel adsorption cao∙zno methanolysis |
| url | https://doiserbia.nb.rs/img/doi/0367-598X/2023/0367-598X2300005L.pdf |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT lukicivana adsorptivepretreatmentofwastecookingoilusingquicklimeforfattyacidmethylesterssynthesis AT kesiczeljka adsorptivepretreatmentofwastecookingoilusingquicklimeforfattyacidmethylesterssynthesis AT zdujicmiodrag adsorptivepretreatmentofwastecookingoilusingquicklimeforfattyacidmethylesterssynthesis AT skaladejan adsorptivepretreatmentofwastecookingoilusingquicklimeforfattyacidmethylesterssynthesis |