Salicylic Acid Spraying Affects Secondary Metabolites and Radical Scavenging Capacity of Drought-Stressed <i>Eriocephalus africanus</i> L.
Drought is among the most common abiotic stresses that significantly influence plants’ growth and metabolic activities. In this study, <i>Eriocephalus africanus</i> L. (Asteraceae) was exposed to three levels of drought stress (irrigation with 75, 50, and 25% field capacity), together wi...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-09-01
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| Series: | Agronomy |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/12/10/2278 |
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| author | Noha Khalil Sameh S. Elhady Reem M. Diri Mostafa I. Fekry Mokhtar Bishr Osama Salama Soheir M. El-Zalabani |
| author_facet | Noha Khalil Sameh S. Elhady Reem M. Diri Mostafa I. Fekry Mokhtar Bishr Osama Salama Soheir M. El-Zalabani |
| author_sort | Noha Khalil |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Drought is among the most common abiotic stresses that significantly influence plants’ growth and metabolic activities. In this study, <i>Eriocephalus africanus</i> L. (Asteraceae) was exposed to three levels of drought stress (irrigation with 75, 50, and 25% field capacity), together with foliar spraying of a plant hormone, salicylic acid (1, 2, and 3 mM SA), to observe the effect of drought stress and SA on its secondary metabolites. These growing conditions efficiently affected its total flavonoid and polyphenol contents (TFC and TPC, respectively). TFC and TPC increased by 53% and 35%, respectively, in stressed plants. Consequently, the radical scavenging activity improved by 140%. UPLC-ESI-MS/MS profiles of the extracts of control and stressed plants were assessed. Among identified polyphenols, 3,4-dicaffeoylquinic acid predominated in both samples, although it was detected in a greater percentage of stressed plants. Essential oils hydro-distilled from the plants showed a higher yield (1.05 ± 0.03% <i>v</i>/<i>w</i>) in stressed plants. Artemisia ketone prevailed in all oil samples’ GC/MS chromatograms, with a higher yield (42%) recorded in stressed plants. In conclusion, drought stress and SA spraying triggered the production of phenolic and essential oil components and increased the radical scavenging activity of <i>E. africanus</i>. Thus, agricultural conditions are optimized to provide a continuous supply of plant materials with appropriate amounts of bioactive constituents for economic industrialization. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T20:54:09Z |
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| issn | 2073-4395 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T20:54:09Z |
| publishDate | 2022-09-01 |
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| record_format | Article |
| series | Agronomy |
| spelling | doaj.art-0b45d0c80f33434693b55a8efdb4bd712023-11-23T22:24:18ZengMDPI AGAgronomy2073-43952022-09-011210227810.3390/agronomy12102278Salicylic Acid Spraying Affects Secondary Metabolites and Radical Scavenging Capacity of Drought-Stressed <i>Eriocephalus africanus</i> L.Noha Khalil0Sameh S. Elhady1Reem M. Diri2Mostafa I. Fekry3Mokhtar Bishr4Osama Salama5Soheir M. El-Zalabani6Department of Pharmacognosy and Medicinal Plants, Faculty of Pharmacy, Future University in Egypt, Cairo 11835, EgyptDepartment of Natural Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, EgyptArab Company for Pharmaceuticals and Medicinal Plants, (Mepaco-Medifood), Anshass 11361, EgyptDepartment of Pharmacognosy and Medicinal Plants, Faculty of Pharmacy, Future University in Egypt, Cairo 11835, EgyptDepartment of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, EgyptDrought is among the most common abiotic stresses that significantly influence plants’ growth and metabolic activities. In this study, <i>Eriocephalus africanus</i> L. (Asteraceae) was exposed to three levels of drought stress (irrigation with 75, 50, and 25% field capacity), together with foliar spraying of a plant hormone, salicylic acid (1, 2, and 3 mM SA), to observe the effect of drought stress and SA on its secondary metabolites. These growing conditions efficiently affected its total flavonoid and polyphenol contents (TFC and TPC, respectively). TFC and TPC increased by 53% and 35%, respectively, in stressed plants. Consequently, the radical scavenging activity improved by 140%. UPLC-ESI-MS/MS profiles of the extracts of control and stressed plants were assessed. Among identified polyphenols, 3,4-dicaffeoylquinic acid predominated in both samples, although it was detected in a greater percentage of stressed plants. Essential oils hydro-distilled from the plants showed a higher yield (1.05 ± 0.03% <i>v</i>/<i>w</i>) in stressed plants. Artemisia ketone prevailed in all oil samples’ GC/MS chromatograms, with a higher yield (42%) recorded in stressed plants. In conclusion, drought stress and SA spraying triggered the production of phenolic and essential oil components and increased the radical scavenging activity of <i>E. africanus</i>. Thus, agricultural conditions are optimized to provide a continuous supply of plant materials with appropriate amounts of bioactive constituents for economic industrialization.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/12/10/2278elicitorsessential oilpolyphenolsindustrial developmentdrug discoveryabiotic stress |
| spellingShingle | Noha Khalil Sameh S. Elhady Reem M. Diri Mostafa I. Fekry Mokhtar Bishr Osama Salama Soheir M. El-Zalabani Salicylic Acid Spraying Affects Secondary Metabolites and Radical Scavenging Capacity of Drought-Stressed <i>Eriocephalus africanus</i> L. Agronomy elicitors essential oil polyphenols industrial development drug discovery abiotic stress |
| title | Salicylic Acid Spraying Affects Secondary Metabolites and Radical Scavenging Capacity of Drought-Stressed <i>Eriocephalus africanus</i> L. |
| title_full | Salicylic Acid Spraying Affects Secondary Metabolites and Radical Scavenging Capacity of Drought-Stressed <i>Eriocephalus africanus</i> L. |
| title_fullStr | Salicylic Acid Spraying Affects Secondary Metabolites and Radical Scavenging Capacity of Drought-Stressed <i>Eriocephalus africanus</i> L. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Salicylic Acid Spraying Affects Secondary Metabolites and Radical Scavenging Capacity of Drought-Stressed <i>Eriocephalus africanus</i> L. |
| title_short | Salicylic Acid Spraying Affects Secondary Metabolites and Radical Scavenging Capacity of Drought-Stressed <i>Eriocephalus africanus</i> L. |
| title_sort | salicylic acid spraying affects secondary metabolites and radical scavenging capacity of drought stressed i eriocephalus africanus i l |
| topic | elicitors essential oil polyphenols industrial development drug discovery abiotic stress |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/12/10/2278 |
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