Research on a Space–Time Continuous Sensing System for Overburden Deformation and Failure during Coal Mining
Underground coal mining can cause the deformation, failure, and collapse of the overlying rock mass of a coal seam. If the mining design, monitoring, early warning, or emergency disposal are improper, in that case, it can often lead to mining disasters such as roof falls, water inrush, surface colla...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-06-01
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| Series: | Sensors |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/13/5947 |
| _version_ | 1797590828873416704 |
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| author | Gang Cheng Zhenxue Wang Bin Shi Wu Zhu Tianbin Li |
| author_facet | Gang Cheng Zhenxue Wang Bin Shi Wu Zhu Tianbin Li |
| author_sort | Gang Cheng |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Underground coal mining can cause the deformation, failure, and collapse of the overlying rock mass of a coal seam. If the mining design, monitoring, early warning, or emergency disposal are improper, in that case, it can often lead to mining disasters such as roof falls, water inrush, surface collapse, and ground fissures, seriously threatening the safety of mine engineering and the geological environment protection in mining areas. To ensure the intrinsic security of the entire coal mining process, aspace–time continuous sensing system of overburden deformation and failure was developed, which breaks through the limitations of traditional monitoring methods that characterize the evolution process of overlying rock deformation and ground subsidence. This paper summarizes the classification of typical overburden deformation and failure modes. It researches the space–time continuous sensing of rock–soil mass above the coal seam based on Distributed Fiber Optic Sensing (DFOS). A multi-range strain optical fiber sensing neural series from micron to meter was developed to achieve synchronous sensing of overburden separation, internal micro–cracks, and large rock mass deformation. The sensing cable–rock mass coupling test verified the reliability of the optical fiber monitoring data. The sensing neural network of overburden deformation was constructed using integrated optical fiber layout technology on the ground and underground. Different sensing nerves’ performance and application effects in overburden deformation and failure monitoring were compared and analyzed with field monitoring examples. A physical model was used to carry out the experimental study on the overburden subsidence prediction during coal mining. The results showed that the optical fiber monitoring data were reliable and could be used to predict overburden subsidence. The reliability of the calculation model for overlying rock subsidence based on space–time continuous optical fiber sensing data was verified in the application of mining subsidence evaluation. A systematic review of the shortcomings of current overburden deformation observation technology during coal mining was conducted, and a space–time continuous sensing system for overburden deformation and failure was proposed. This system integrated sensing, transmission, processing, early warning, decision-making, and emergency response. Based on the fusion of multi-parameter sensing, multi-method transmission, multi-algorithm processing, and multi-threshold early warning, the system realized the real-time acquisition of space–time continuous information for the overburden above coal seams. This system utilizes long-term historical monitoring data from the research area for data mining and modeling, realizing the prediction and evaluation of the evolution process of overburden deformation as well as the potential for mining subsidence. This work provides a theoretical reference for the prevention and control of mining disasters and the environmental carrying capacity evaluation of coal development. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T01:29:00Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0b543ebf716945b9b59be898d385106d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1424-8220 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T01:29:00Z |
| publishDate | 2023-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Sensors |
| spelling | doaj.art-0b543ebf716945b9b59be898d385106d2023-11-18T17:29:14ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202023-06-012313594710.3390/s23135947Research on a Space–Time Continuous Sensing System for Overburden Deformation and Failure during Coal MiningGang Cheng0Zhenxue Wang1Bin Shi2Wu Zhu3Tianbin Li4School of Computer Science, North China Institute of Science and Technology, Beijing 101601, ChinaSchool of Computer Science, North China Institute of Science and Technology, Beijing 101601, ChinaSchool of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, ChinaKey Laboratory of Ecological Geology and Disaster Prevention, Ministry of Natural Resources, Chang’an University, Xi’an 710054, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, ChinaUnderground coal mining can cause the deformation, failure, and collapse of the overlying rock mass of a coal seam. If the mining design, monitoring, early warning, or emergency disposal are improper, in that case, it can often lead to mining disasters such as roof falls, water inrush, surface collapse, and ground fissures, seriously threatening the safety of mine engineering and the geological environment protection in mining areas. To ensure the intrinsic security of the entire coal mining process, aspace–time continuous sensing system of overburden deformation and failure was developed, which breaks through the limitations of traditional monitoring methods that characterize the evolution process of overlying rock deformation and ground subsidence. This paper summarizes the classification of typical overburden deformation and failure modes. It researches the space–time continuous sensing of rock–soil mass above the coal seam based on Distributed Fiber Optic Sensing (DFOS). A multi-range strain optical fiber sensing neural series from micron to meter was developed to achieve synchronous sensing of overburden separation, internal micro–cracks, and large rock mass deformation. The sensing cable–rock mass coupling test verified the reliability of the optical fiber monitoring data. The sensing neural network of overburden deformation was constructed using integrated optical fiber layout technology on the ground and underground. Different sensing nerves’ performance and application effects in overburden deformation and failure monitoring were compared and analyzed with field monitoring examples. A physical model was used to carry out the experimental study on the overburden subsidence prediction during coal mining. The results showed that the optical fiber monitoring data were reliable and could be used to predict overburden subsidence. The reliability of the calculation model for overlying rock subsidence based on space–time continuous optical fiber sensing data was verified in the application of mining subsidence evaluation. A systematic review of the shortcomings of current overburden deformation observation technology during coal mining was conducted, and a space–time continuous sensing system for overburden deformation and failure was proposed. This system integrated sensing, transmission, processing, early warning, decision-making, and emergency response. Based on the fusion of multi-parameter sensing, multi-method transmission, multi-algorithm processing, and multi-threshold early warning, the system realized the real-time acquisition of space–time continuous information for the overburden above coal seams. This system utilizes long-term historical monitoring data from the research area for data mining and modeling, realizing the prediction and evaluation of the evolution process of overburden deformation as well as the potential for mining subsidence. This work provides a theoretical reference for the prevention and control of mining disasters and the environmental carrying capacity evaluation of coal development.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/13/5947overburden deformation and failurespace–time continuous sensingmulti-algorithm processingearly warning |
| spellingShingle | Gang Cheng Zhenxue Wang Bin Shi Wu Zhu Tianbin Li Research on a Space–Time Continuous Sensing System for Overburden Deformation and Failure during Coal Mining Sensors overburden deformation and failure space–time continuous sensing multi-algorithm processing early warning |
| title | Research on a Space–Time Continuous Sensing System for Overburden Deformation and Failure during Coal Mining |
| title_full | Research on a Space–Time Continuous Sensing System for Overburden Deformation and Failure during Coal Mining |
| title_fullStr | Research on a Space–Time Continuous Sensing System for Overburden Deformation and Failure during Coal Mining |
| title_full_unstemmed | Research on a Space–Time Continuous Sensing System for Overburden Deformation and Failure during Coal Mining |
| title_short | Research on a Space–Time Continuous Sensing System for Overburden Deformation and Failure during Coal Mining |
| title_sort | research on a space time continuous sensing system for overburden deformation and failure during coal mining |
| topic | overburden deformation and failure space–time continuous sensing multi-algorithm processing early warning |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/13/5947 |
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