Cerebrospinal fluid analysis in 58 ruminants showing neurological disorders
ABSTRACT: Ruminants may be affected by a wide variety of central nervous system (CNS) diseases. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis forms the basis for ante mortem diagnostic evaluation of ruminants with clinical signs involving the CNS. Despite its importance as a tool to aid diagnosis, data regardi...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Colégio Brasileiro de Patologia Animal (CBPA)
2020-07-01
|
| Series: | Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-736X2020000500346&tlng=en |
| _version_ | 1798020221527654400 |
|---|---|
| author | Antônio Carlos L. Câmara Mariana C. Gonzaga Thaís M. Ziober Cintia Regina R. Queiroz Tayná C.M. Fino Márcio B. Castro José Renato J. Borges Benito Soto-Blanco |
| author_facet | Antônio Carlos L. Câmara Mariana C. Gonzaga Thaís M. Ziober Cintia Regina R. Queiroz Tayná C.M. Fino Márcio B. Castro José Renato J. Borges Benito Soto-Blanco |
| author_sort | Antônio Carlos L. Câmara |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | ABSTRACT: Ruminants may be affected by a wide variety of central nervous system (CNS) diseases. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis forms the basis for ante mortem diagnostic evaluation of ruminants with clinical signs involving the CNS. Despite its importance as a tool to aid diagnosis, data regarding CSF examinations in spontaneous cases of CNS diseases in ruminants from Brazil are limited, and most reports involve experimental studies. Therefore, this study aimed to report the results of CSF analysis in 58 ruminants showing signs of neurological disorders. CSF samples for analysis were obtained from 32 cattle, 20 sheep, and 6 goats by cerebello-medullary cistern (n=54) or lumbosacral space (n=4) puncture. These ruminants showed neurological signs related to viral (n=13), mycotic (n=3), or bacterial (n=15) infections, and toxic (n=21), traumatic (n=4), or congenital disorders (n=2). CSF analysis from ruminants with viral infections presented lymphocytic pleocytosis, even though CSF showed no changes in several cases of rabies. Neutrophilic pleocytosis, cloudiness, presence of fibrin clots, and abnormal coloration were evident in the CSF of most cases of CNS bacterial infection, such as meningoencephalitis, meningitis, abscesses, myelitis, and a case of conidiobolomycosis. On the other hand, CSF was unchanged in most cases of toxic disorders, as botulism and hepatic encephalopathy. Elevated CSF density was observed in 60% of ruminants diagnosed with polioencephalomalacia. Our findings show that evaluation of CSF is a valuable diagnostic tool when used in association with epidemiological, clinical and pathological findings for diagnosis of CNS diseases in ruminants. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T16:53:55Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0b559dfc43d443919e6c89cf37a26e20 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1678-5150 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T16:53:55Z |
| publishDate | 2020-07-01 |
| publisher | Colégio Brasileiro de Patologia Animal (CBPA) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira |
| spelling | doaj.art-0b559dfc43d443919e6c89cf37a26e202022-12-22T04:13:20ZengColégio Brasileiro de Patologia Animal (CBPA)Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira1678-51502020-07-0140534635410.1590/1678-5150-pvb-6540Cerebrospinal fluid analysis in 58 ruminants showing neurological disordersAntônio Carlos L. Câmarahttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6895-7210Mariana C. GonzagaThaís M. ZioberCintia Regina R. QueirozTayná C.M. FinoMárcio B. CastroJosé Renato J. BorgesBenito Soto-BlancoABSTRACT: Ruminants may be affected by a wide variety of central nervous system (CNS) diseases. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis forms the basis for ante mortem diagnostic evaluation of ruminants with clinical signs involving the CNS. Despite its importance as a tool to aid diagnosis, data regarding CSF examinations in spontaneous cases of CNS diseases in ruminants from Brazil are limited, and most reports involve experimental studies. Therefore, this study aimed to report the results of CSF analysis in 58 ruminants showing signs of neurological disorders. CSF samples for analysis were obtained from 32 cattle, 20 sheep, and 6 goats by cerebello-medullary cistern (n=54) or lumbosacral space (n=4) puncture. These ruminants showed neurological signs related to viral (n=13), mycotic (n=3), or bacterial (n=15) infections, and toxic (n=21), traumatic (n=4), or congenital disorders (n=2). CSF analysis from ruminants with viral infections presented lymphocytic pleocytosis, even though CSF showed no changes in several cases of rabies. Neutrophilic pleocytosis, cloudiness, presence of fibrin clots, and abnormal coloration were evident in the CSF of most cases of CNS bacterial infection, such as meningoencephalitis, meningitis, abscesses, myelitis, and a case of conidiobolomycosis. On the other hand, CSF was unchanged in most cases of toxic disorders, as botulism and hepatic encephalopathy. Elevated CSF density was observed in 60% of ruminants diagnosed with polioencephalomalacia. Our findings show that evaluation of CSF is a valuable diagnostic tool when used in association with epidemiological, clinical and pathological findings for diagnosis of CNS diseases in ruminants.http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-736X2020000500346&tlng=enCerebrospinal fluidruminantsneurological disorderscentral nervous systemcytologyliquorlivestockneurology |
| spellingShingle | Antônio Carlos L. Câmara Mariana C. Gonzaga Thaís M. Ziober Cintia Regina R. Queiroz Tayná C.M. Fino Márcio B. Castro José Renato J. Borges Benito Soto-Blanco Cerebrospinal fluid analysis in 58 ruminants showing neurological disorders Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira Cerebrospinal fluid ruminants neurological disorders central nervous system cytology liquor livestock neurology |
| title | Cerebrospinal fluid analysis in 58 ruminants showing neurological disorders |
| title_full | Cerebrospinal fluid analysis in 58 ruminants showing neurological disorders |
| title_fullStr | Cerebrospinal fluid analysis in 58 ruminants showing neurological disorders |
| title_full_unstemmed | Cerebrospinal fluid analysis in 58 ruminants showing neurological disorders |
| title_short | Cerebrospinal fluid analysis in 58 ruminants showing neurological disorders |
| title_sort | cerebrospinal fluid analysis in 58 ruminants showing neurological disorders |
| topic | Cerebrospinal fluid ruminants neurological disorders central nervous system cytology liquor livestock neurology |
| url | http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-736X2020000500346&tlng=en |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT antoniocarloslcamara cerebrospinalfluidanalysisin58ruminantsshowingneurologicaldisorders AT marianacgonzaga cerebrospinalfluidanalysisin58ruminantsshowingneurologicaldisorders AT thaismziober cerebrospinalfluidanalysisin58ruminantsshowingneurologicaldisorders AT cintiareginarqueiroz cerebrospinalfluidanalysisin58ruminantsshowingneurologicaldisorders AT taynacmfino cerebrospinalfluidanalysisin58ruminantsshowingneurologicaldisorders AT marciobcastro cerebrospinalfluidanalysisin58ruminantsshowingneurologicaldisorders AT joserenatojborges cerebrospinalfluidanalysisin58ruminantsshowingneurologicaldisorders AT benitosotoblanco cerebrospinalfluidanalysisin58ruminantsshowingneurologicaldisorders |