Human Milk Casein and Whey Protein and Infant Body Composition over the First 12 Months of Lactation
Human milk (HM) influences infant feeding patterns and body composition (BC). This small proof-of concept longitudinal study investigated relationships between infant/maternal BC and HM casein, whey and total protein during the first 12 months of lactation. BC of breastfeeding dyads (n = 20) was mea...
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MDPI AG
2018-09-01
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| Series: | Nutrients |
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| Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/10/9/1332 |
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| author | Zoya Gridneva Wan J. Tie Alethea Rea Ching Tat Lai Leigh C. Ward Kevin Murray Peter E. Hartmann Donna T. Geddes |
| author_facet | Zoya Gridneva Wan J. Tie Alethea Rea Ching Tat Lai Leigh C. Ward Kevin Murray Peter E. Hartmann Donna T. Geddes |
| author_sort | Zoya Gridneva |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Human milk (HM) influences infant feeding patterns and body composition (BC). This small proof-of concept longitudinal study investigated relationships between infant/maternal BC and HM casein, whey and total protein during the first 12 months of lactation. BC of breastfeeding dyads (n = 20) was measured at 2 (n = 15), 5 (n = 20), 9 (n = 19), and/or 12 (n = 18) months postpartum with ultrasound skinfolds (infants) and bioimpedance spectroscopy (infants/mothers). Proteins concentrations and 24-h milk intake were measured and calculated daily intakes (CDI) determined. Higher maternal weight, body mass index, fat-free mass, fat-free mass index, and fat mass index were associated with higher concentration of whey protein (p ≤ 0.034, n = 20). There were no associations between infant BC and concentrations of all proteins, and CDI of whey and total protein. Higher CDI of casein were associated with lower infant fat-free mass (p = 0.003, n = 18) and higher fat mass (p < 0.001), fat mass index (p = 0.001, n = 18), and % fat mass (p < 0.001, n = 18) measured with ultrasound skinfolds. These results show a differential effect of HM casein on development of infant BC during the first year of life, suggesting that there is a potential to improve outcome for the infant through interventions, such as continuation of breastfeeding during the first 12 months of life and beyond, which may facilitate favourable developmental programming that could reduce risk of non-communicable diseases later in life. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T09:01:46Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6643 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T09:01:46Z |
| publishDate | 2018-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nutrients |
| spelling | doaj.art-0b783e85623546b4a69ac2b97f00089e2022-12-22T02:53:06ZengMDPI AGNutrients2072-66432018-09-01109133210.3390/nu10091332nu10091332Human Milk Casein and Whey Protein and Infant Body Composition over the First 12 Months of LactationZoya Gridneva0Wan J. Tie1Alethea Rea2Ching Tat Lai3Leigh C. Ward4Kevin Murray5Peter E. Hartmann6Donna T. Geddes7School of Molecular Sciences, M310, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Perth, WA 6009, AustraliaSchool of Molecular Sciences, M310, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Perth, WA 6009, AustraliaCentre for Applied Statistics, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Perth, WA 6009, AustraliaSchool of Molecular Sciences, M310, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Perth, WA 6009, AustraliaSchool of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Brisbane, QLD 4072, AustraliaSchool of Population and Global Health, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Perth, WA 6009, AustraliaSchool of Molecular Sciences, M310, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Perth, WA 6009, AustraliaSchool of Molecular Sciences, M310, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Perth, WA 6009, AustraliaHuman milk (HM) influences infant feeding patterns and body composition (BC). This small proof-of concept longitudinal study investigated relationships between infant/maternal BC and HM casein, whey and total protein during the first 12 months of lactation. BC of breastfeeding dyads (n = 20) was measured at 2 (n = 15), 5 (n = 20), 9 (n = 19), and/or 12 (n = 18) months postpartum with ultrasound skinfolds (infants) and bioimpedance spectroscopy (infants/mothers). Proteins concentrations and 24-h milk intake were measured and calculated daily intakes (CDI) determined. Higher maternal weight, body mass index, fat-free mass, fat-free mass index, and fat mass index were associated with higher concentration of whey protein (p ≤ 0.034, n = 20). There were no associations between infant BC and concentrations of all proteins, and CDI of whey and total protein. Higher CDI of casein were associated with lower infant fat-free mass (p = 0.003, n = 18) and higher fat mass (p < 0.001), fat mass index (p = 0.001, n = 18), and % fat mass (p < 0.001, n = 18) measured with ultrasound skinfolds. These results show a differential effect of HM casein on development of infant BC during the first year of life, suggesting that there is a potential to improve outcome for the infant through interventions, such as continuation of breastfeeding during the first 12 months of life and beyond, which may facilitate favourable developmental programming that could reduce risk of non-communicable diseases later in life.http://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/10/9/1332caseinwheyproteinbreastfeedinginfantbody compositionbioelectrical impedance spectroscopyultrasound skinfoldshuman milkcalculated daily intakeslactation |
| spellingShingle | Zoya Gridneva Wan J. Tie Alethea Rea Ching Tat Lai Leigh C. Ward Kevin Murray Peter E. Hartmann Donna T. Geddes Human Milk Casein and Whey Protein and Infant Body Composition over the First 12 Months of Lactation Nutrients casein whey protein breastfeeding infant body composition bioelectrical impedance spectroscopy ultrasound skinfolds human milk calculated daily intakes lactation |
| title | Human Milk Casein and Whey Protein and Infant Body Composition over the First 12 Months of Lactation |
| title_full | Human Milk Casein and Whey Protein and Infant Body Composition over the First 12 Months of Lactation |
| title_fullStr | Human Milk Casein and Whey Protein and Infant Body Composition over the First 12 Months of Lactation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Human Milk Casein and Whey Protein and Infant Body Composition over the First 12 Months of Lactation |
| title_short | Human Milk Casein and Whey Protein and Infant Body Composition over the First 12 Months of Lactation |
| title_sort | human milk casein and whey protein and infant body composition over the first 12 months of lactation |
| topic | casein whey protein breastfeeding infant body composition bioelectrical impedance spectroscopy ultrasound skinfolds human milk calculated daily intakes lactation |
| url | http://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/10/9/1332 |
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