Evaluating oral swab samples for PRRSV surveillance in weaning-age pigs under field conditions
IntroductionThe use of serum and family oral fluids for porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) surveillance in weaning-age pigs has been previously characterized. Characterizing more sample types similarly offers veterinarians and producers additional validated sample options fo...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2023-02-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Veterinary Science |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2023.1072682/full |
| _version_ | 1797905437388963840 |
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| author | Onyekachukwu Henry Osemeke Nathan VanKley Claire LeFevre Christina Peterson Daniel C. L. Linhares |
| author_facet | Onyekachukwu Henry Osemeke Nathan VanKley Claire LeFevre Christina Peterson Daniel C. L. Linhares |
| author_sort | Onyekachukwu Henry Osemeke |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | IntroductionThe use of serum and family oral fluids for porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) surveillance in weaning-age pigs has been previously characterized. Characterizing more sample types similarly offers veterinarians and producers additional validated sample options for PRRSV surveillance in this subpopulation of pigs. Oral swab sampling is relatively easy and convenient; however, there is sparse information on how it compares to the reference sample type for PRRSV surveillance under field conditions. Therefore, this study's objective was to compare the PRRSV reverse-transcription real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-rtPCR) test outcomes of oral swabs (OS) and sera samples obtained from weaning-age pig litters.MethodAt an eligible breeding herd, six hundred twenty-three weaning-age piglets from 51 litters were each sampled for serum and OS and tested for PRRSV RNA by RT-rtPCR.Results and DiscussionPRRSV RT-rtPCR positivity rate was higher in serum samples (24 of 51 litters, 83 of 623 pigs, with a mean cycle threshold (Ct) value of RT-rtPCR-positive samples per litter ranging from 18.9 to 32.0) compared to OS samples (15 of 51 litters, 33 of 623 pigs, with a mean Ct of RT-rtPCR positive samples per litter ranging from 28.2 to 36.9); this highlights the importance of interpreting negative RT-rtPCR results from OS samples with caution. Every litter with a positive PRRSV RT-rtPCR OS had at least one viremic piglet, highlighting the authenticity of positive PRRSV RT-rtPCR tests using OS; in other words, there was no evidence of environmental PRRSV RNA being detected in OS. Cohen's kappa analysis (Ck = 0.638) indicated a substantial agreement between both sample types for identifying the true PRRSV status of weaning-age pigs. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-10T10:05:16Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0b809e0a91514d159def48bb2fcf6476 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2297-1769 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-10T10:05:16Z |
| publishDate | 2023-02-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Veterinary Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-0b809e0a91514d159def48bb2fcf64762023-02-15T17:35:32ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Veterinary Science2297-17692023-02-011010.3389/fvets.2023.10726821072682Evaluating oral swab samples for PRRSV surveillance in weaning-age pigs under field conditionsOnyekachukwu Henry Osemeke0Nathan VanKley1Claire LeFevre2Christina Peterson3Daniel C. L. Linhares4Fieldepi, Iowa State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ames, IA, United StatesCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, Lansing, MI, United StatesCarthage Veterinary Service, Carthage, IL, United StatesFieldepi, Iowa State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ames, IA, United StatesFieldepi, Iowa State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ames, IA, United StatesIntroductionThe use of serum and family oral fluids for porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) surveillance in weaning-age pigs has been previously characterized. Characterizing more sample types similarly offers veterinarians and producers additional validated sample options for PRRSV surveillance in this subpopulation of pigs. Oral swab sampling is relatively easy and convenient; however, there is sparse information on how it compares to the reference sample type for PRRSV surveillance under field conditions. Therefore, this study's objective was to compare the PRRSV reverse-transcription real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-rtPCR) test outcomes of oral swabs (OS) and sera samples obtained from weaning-age pig litters.MethodAt an eligible breeding herd, six hundred twenty-three weaning-age piglets from 51 litters were each sampled for serum and OS and tested for PRRSV RNA by RT-rtPCR.Results and DiscussionPRRSV RT-rtPCR positivity rate was higher in serum samples (24 of 51 litters, 83 of 623 pigs, with a mean cycle threshold (Ct) value of RT-rtPCR-positive samples per litter ranging from 18.9 to 32.0) compared to OS samples (15 of 51 litters, 33 of 623 pigs, with a mean Ct of RT-rtPCR positive samples per litter ranging from 28.2 to 36.9); this highlights the importance of interpreting negative RT-rtPCR results from OS samples with caution. Every litter with a positive PRRSV RT-rtPCR OS had at least one viremic piglet, highlighting the authenticity of positive PRRSV RT-rtPCR tests using OS; in other words, there was no evidence of environmental PRRSV RNA being detected in OS. Cohen's kappa analysis (Ck = 0.638) indicated a substantial agreement between both sample types for identifying the true PRRSV status of weaning-age pigs.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2023.1072682/fullPRRSVsurveillancesamplingserumswabsweaning-age |
| spellingShingle | Onyekachukwu Henry Osemeke Nathan VanKley Claire LeFevre Christina Peterson Daniel C. L. Linhares Evaluating oral swab samples for PRRSV surveillance in weaning-age pigs under field conditions Frontiers in Veterinary Science PRRSV surveillance sampling serum swabs weaning-age |
| title | Evaluating oral swab samples for PRRSV surveillance in weaning-age pigs under field conditions |
| title_full | Evaluating oral swab samples for PRRSV surveillance in weaning-age pigs under field conditions |
| title_fullStr | Evaluating oral swab samples for PRRSV surveillance in weaning-age pigs under field conditions |
| title_full_unstemmed | Evaluating oral swab samples for PRRSV surveillance in weaning-age pigs under field conditions |
| title_short | Evaluating oral swab samples for PRRSV surveillance in weaning-age pigs under field conditions |
| title_sort | evaluating oral swab samples for prrsv surveillance in weaning age pigs under field conditions |
| topic | PRRSV surveillance sampling serum swabs weaning-age |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2023.1072682/full |
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