Acute lethal and sublethal effects of diltiazem and doxepin for four aquatic environmental bioindicators covering the trophic chain
Pharmaceuticals are becoming an environmental and health problem of concern. We present here the results obtained in the ecotoxicological evaluation of two drugs (diltiazem and doxepin) recurrently present in the environment. To carry out this study, four aquatic bioindicators (<em>Vibrio fisc...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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AIMS Press
2018-07-01
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| Series: | AIMS Environmental Science |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.aimspress.com/environmental/article/3007/fulltext.html |
| _version_ | 1818190225629773824 |
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| author | Natalia Ros Laura Lomba M<sup>a</sup> Pilar Ribate Estefania Zuriaga Cristina B. García Beatriz Giner |
| author_facet | Natalia Ros Laura Lomba M<sup>a</sup> Pilar Ribate Estefania Zuriaga Cristina B. García Beatriz Giner |
| author_sort | Natalia Ros |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Pharmaceuticals are becoming an environmental and health problem of concern. We present here the results obtained in the ecotoxicological evaluation of two drugs (diltiazem and doxepin) recurrently present in the environment. To carry out this study, four aquatic bioindicators (<em>Vibrio fischeri</em>, <em>Daphnia magna</em>, <em>Selenastrum capricornutum</em>, and <em>Danio rerio</em>) were used and the lethal, sublethal and/or inhibition effects were obtained. Furthermore, in order to complete environmental information, several key physicochemical properties were also measured (solubility, critical aggregation concentration and partition coefficient). High solubility for doxepin seems to be related with its bioavailability and thus, lead to higher toxicity. However, EC<sub>50</sub> ecotoxocity values for doxepin and diltiazem are between 100 and 1000 mg/L for all the studied environmental bioindicators, and thus, none of the drugs should be considered as potentially harmful for the environment. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-11T23:55:20Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0b8601db24fb4fa9bafc032b84f57f96 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2372-0352 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-11T23:55:20Z |
| publishDate | 2018-07-01 |
| publisher | AIMS Press |
| record_format | Article |
| series | AIMS Environmental Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-0b8601db24fb4fa9bafc032b84f57f962022-12-22T00:45:21ZengAIMS PressAIMS Environmental Science2372-03522018-07-015422924310.3934/environsci.2018.4.229environ-05-04-229Acute lethal and sublethal effects of diltiazem and doxepin for four aquatic environmental bioindicators covering the trophic chainNatalia Ros0Laura Lomba1M<sup>a</sup> Pilar Ribate2Estefania Zuriaga3Cristina B. García4Beatriz Giner5Universidad San Jorge. Campus Universitario, Autov A23 km 299, 50830, EspañaUniversidad San Jorge. Campus Universitario, Autov A23 km 299, 50830, EspañaUniversidad San Jorge. Campus Universitario, Autov A23 km 299, 50830, EspañaUniversidad San Jorge. Campus Universitario, Autov A23 km 299, 50830, EspañaUniversidad San Jorge. Campus Universitario, Autov A23 km 299, 50830, EspañaUniversidad San Jorge. Campus Universitario, Autov A23 km 299, 50830, EspañaPharmaceuticals are becoming an environmental and health problem of concern. We present here the results obtained in the ecotoxicological evaluation of two drugs (diltiazem and doxepin) recurrently present in the environment. To carry out this study, four aquatic bioindicators (<em>Vibrio fischeri</em>, <em>Daphnia magna</em>, <em>Selenastrum capricornutum</em>, and <em>Danio rerio</em>) were used and the lethal, sublethal and/or inhibition effects were obtained. Furthermore, in order to complete environmental information, several key physicochemical properties were also measured (solubility, critical aggregation concentration and partition coefficient). High solubility for doxepin seems to be related with its bioavailability and thus, lead to higher toxicity. However, EC<sub>50</sub> ecotoxocity values for doxepin and diltiazem are between 100 and 1000 mg/L for all the studied environmental bioindicators, and thus, none of the drugs should be considered as potentially harmful for the environment.http://www.aimspress.com/environmental/article/3007/fulltext.htmldoxepin; diltiazemEC50environmental risk assessmentecotoxicity |
| spellingShingle | Natalia Ros Laura Lomba M<sup>a</sup> Pilar Ribate Estefania Zuriaga Cristina B. García Beatriz Giner Acute lethal and sublethal effects of diltiazem and doxepin for four aquatic environmental bioindicators covering the trophic chain AIMS Environmental Science doxepin; diltiazem EC50 environmental risk assessment ecotoxicity |
| title | Acute lethal and sublethal effects of diltiazem and doxepin for four aquatic environmental bioindicators covering the trophic chain |
| title_full | Acute lethal and sublethal effects of diltiazem and doxepin for four aquatic environmental bioindicators covering the trophic chain |
| title_fullStr | Acute lethal and sublethal effects of diltiazem and doxepin for four aquatic environmental bioindicators covering the trophic chain |
| title_full_unstemmed | Acute lethal and sublethal effects of diltiazem and doxepin for four aquatic environmental bioindicators covering the trophic chain |
| title_short | Acute lethal and sublethal effects of diltiazem and doxepin for four aquatic environmental bioindicators covering the trophic chain |
| title_sort | acute lethal and sublethal effects of diltiazem and doxepin for four aquatic environmental bioindicators covering the trophic chain |
| topic | doxepin; diltiazem EC50 environmental risk assessment ecotoxicity |
| url | http://www.aimspress.com/environmental/article/3007/fulltext.html |
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