A multi-modal relative spatial access assessment approach to measure spatial accessibility to primary care providers
Abstract Two-step floating catchment area (2SFCA) methods that account for multiple transportation modes provide more realistic accessibility representation than single-mode methods. However, the use of the impedance coefficient in an impedance function (e.g., Gaussian function) introduces uncertain...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2018-08-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Health Geographics |
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| Online Access: | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12942-018-0153-9 |
| _version_ | 1819101794734702592 |
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| author | Yan Lin Neng Wan Sagert Sheets Xi Gong Angela Davies |
| author_facet | Yan Lin Neng Wan Sagert Sheets Xi Gong Angela Davies |
| author_sort | Yan Lin |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Two-step floating catchment area (2SFCA) methods that account for multiple transportation modes provide more realistic accessibility representation than single-mode methods. However, the use of the impedance coefficient in an impedance function (e.g., Gaussian function) introduces uncertainty to 2SFCA results. This paper proposes an enhancement to the multi-modal 2SFCA methods through incorporating the concept of a spatial access ratio (SPAR) for spatial access measurement. SPAR is the ratio of a given place’s access score to the mean of all access scores in the study area. An empirical study on spatial access to primary care physicians (PCPs) in the city of Albuquerque, NM, USA was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of SPAR in addressing uncertainty introduced by the choice of the impedance coefficient in the classic Gaussian impedance function. We used ESRI StreetMap Premium and General Transit Specification Feed (GTFS) data to calculate the travel time to PCPs by car and bus. We first generated two spatial access scores—using different catchment sizes for car and bus, respectively—for each demanding population location: an accessibility score for car drivers and an accessibility score for bus riders. We then computed three corresponding spatial access ratios of the above scores for each population location. Sensitivity analysis results suggest that the spatial access scores vary significantly when using different impedance coefficients (p < 0.05); while SPAR remains stable (p = 1). Results from this paper suggest that a spatial access ratio can significantly reduce impedance coefficient-related uncertainties in multi-modal 2SFCA methods. |
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| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0ba7e3a0339f45c2b2c05ccf31210158 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1476-072X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-22T01:24:20Z |
| publishDate | 2018-08-01 |
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| series | International Journal of Health Geographics |
| spelling | doaj.art-0ba7e3a0339f45c2b2c05ccf312101582022-12-21T18:43:39ZengBMCInternational Journal of Health Geographics1476-072X2018-08-0117112210.1186/s12942-018-0153-9A multi-modal relative spatial access assessment approach to measure spatial accessibility to primary care providersYan Lin0Neng Wan1Sagert Sheets2Xi Gong3Angela Davies4Department of Geography and Environmental Studies, 1 University of New MexicoDepartment of Geography, University of UtahDepartment of Geography and Environmental Studies, 1 University of New MexicoDepartment of Geography and Environmental Studies, 1 University of New MexicoDepartment of Geography and Environmental Studies, 1 University of New MexicoAbstract Two-step floating catchment area (2SFCA) methods that account for multiple transportation modes provide more realistic accessibility representation than single-mode methods. However, the use of the impedance coefficient in an impedance function (e.g., Gaussian function) introduces uncertainty to 2SFCA results. This paper proposes an enhancement to the multi-modal 2SFCA methods through incorporating the concept of a spatial access ratio (SPAR) for spatial access measurement. SPAR is the ratio of a given place’s access score to the mean of all access scores in the study area. An empirical study on spatial access to primary care physicians (PCPs) in the city of Albuquerque, NM, USA was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of SPAR in addressing uncertainty introduced by the choice of the impedance coefficient in the classic Gaussian impedance function. We used ESRI StreetMap Premium and General Transit Specification Feed (GTFS) data to calculate the travel time to PCPs by car and bus. We first generated two spatial access scores—using different catchment sizes for car and bus, respectively—for each demanding population location: an accessibility score for car drivers and an accessibility score for bus riders. We then computed three corresponding spatial access ratios of the above scores for each population location. Sensitivity analysis results suggest that the spatial access scores vary significantly when using different impedance coefficients (p < 0.05); while SPAR remains stable (p = 1). Results from this paper suggest that a spatial access ratio can significantly reduce impedance coefficient-related uncertainties in multi-modal 2SFCA methods.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12942-018-0153-92SFCAE2SFCAMulti-modalGaussian functionSpatial accessPrimary care |
| spellingShingle | Yan Lin Neng Wan Sagert Sheets Xi Gong Angela Davies A multi-modal relative spatial access assessment approach to measure spatial accessibility to primary care providers International Journal of Health Geographics 2SFCA E2SFCA Multi-modal Gaussian function Spatial access Primary care |
| title | A multi-modal relative spatial access assessment approach to measure spatial accessibility to primary care providers |
| title_full | A multi-modal relative spatial access assessment approach to measure spatial accessibility to primary care providers |
| title_fullStr | A multi-modal relative spatial access assessment approach to measure spatial accessibility to primary care providers |
| title_full_unstemmed | A multi-modal relative spatial access assessment approach to measure spatial accessibility to primary care providers |
| title_short | A multi-modal relative spatial access assessment approach to measure spatial accessibility to primary care providers |
| title_sort | multi modal relative spatial access assessment approach to measure spatial accessibility to primary care providers |
| topic | 2SFCA E2SFCA Multi-modal Gaussian function Spatial access Primary care |
| url | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12942-018-0153-9 |
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