Effects of Diet Supplemented with Excess Pyrroloquinoline Quinone Disodium on Growth Performance, Blood Parameters and Redox Status in Weaned Pigs
The research was implemented to assess the safety of feeding excess of pyrroloquinoline quinone disodium (PQQ·Na<sub>2</sub>) to 108 Duroc × Landrace × Large White weaned pigs (BW = 8.38 ± 0.47 kg). Pigs were weaned at 28 d and randomly distributed to one of three diets with six replicat...
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MDPI AG
2021-02-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/11/2/359 |
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| author | Dongxu Ming Caiyun Huang Wenhui Wang Zijie Wang Chenyu Shi Xindi Yin Linlin Sun Youjun Gao Fenglai Wang |
| author_facet | Dongxu Ming Caiyun Huang Wenhui Wang Zijie Wang Chenyu Shi Xindi Yin Linlin Sun Youjun Gao Fenglai Wang |
| author_sort | Dongxu Ming |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The research was implemented to assess the safety of feeding excess of pyrroloquinoline quinone disodium (PQQ·Na<sub>2</sub>) to 108 Duroc × Landrace × Large White weaned pigs (BW = 8.38 ± 0.47 kg). Pigs were weaned at 28 d and randomly distributed to one of three diets with six replicates and six pigs per replicate (three males and three females). Pigs in the control group were fed a corn-soybean meal-based diet (without growth promoter) while the two experimental diets were supplied with 7.5 and 75.0 mg/kg PQQ·Na<sub>2</sub>, respectively. Average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI), feed conversion (F:G), diarrhea incidence, hematology, serum biochemistry, organ index and general health were determined. Diets supplementation with 7.5 mg/kg PQQ·Na<sub>2</sub> in weaned pigs could increase ADG during the entire experimental period (<i>p</i> < 0.05). And there was a tendency to decrease F:G (<i>p</i> = 0.063). The F:G of weaned pigs fed 7.5 and 75.0 mg/kg PQQ·Na<sub>2</sub> supplemented diets was decreased by 9.83% and 8.67%, respectively, compared to the control group. Moreover, pigs had reduced diarrhea incidence (<i>p</i> < 0.01) when supplemented with PQQ·Na<sub>2</sub>. No differences were observed between pigs supplemented with 0.0, 7.5 and 75.0 mg/kg PQQ·Na<sub>2</sub> diets on hematological and serum biochemical parameters as well as histological assessment of heart, liver, spleen, lung and kidney. At day 14, pigs had increased activity of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) (<i>p</i> < 0.05), catalase (CAT) (<i>p</i> < 0.05) and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) (<i>p</i> < 0.05), and the serum concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA) was decreased (<i>p</i> < 0.01) with PQQ·Na<sub>2</sub> supplementation. At day 28, pigs had increased activities of total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) (<i>p</i> < 0.01), GSH-Px (<i>p</i> < 0.01), CAT (<i>p</i> < 0.05) and T-AOC (<i>p</i> < 0.01), and serum concentration of MDA was lower (<i>p</i> < 0.01) with PQQ·Na<sub>2</sub> supplementation. In conclusion, PQQ·Na<sub>2</sub> can improve weaned pigs growth performance and serum antioxidant status. Meanwhile high PQQ·Na<sub>2</sub> inclusion of 75.0 mg/kg does not appear to result in harmful effects on growth performance of pigs. |
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| spelling | doaj.art-0bb15550330a4986a3857ca4f9050a6b2023-12-03T11:53:24ZengMDPI AGAnimals2076-26152021-02-0111235910.3390/ani11020359Effects of Diet Supplemented with Excess Pyrroloquinoline Quinone Disodium on Growth Performance, Blood Parameters and Redox Status in Weaned PigsDongxu Ming0Caiyun Huang1Wenhui Wang2Zijie Wang3Chenyu Shi4Xindi Yin5Linlin Sun6Youjun Gao7Fenglai Wang8State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, ChinaShanghai Medical Life Science Research Center Company, Shanghai 200032, ChinaChangmao Biochemical Engineering Company, Changzhou 213000, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, ChinaThe research was implemented to assess the safety of feeding excess of pyrroloquinoline quinone disodium (PQQ·Na<sub>2</sub>) to 108 Duroc × Landrace × Large White weaned pigs (BW = 8.38 ± 0.47 kg). Pigs were weaned at 28 d and randomly distributed to one of three diets with six replicates and six pigs per replicate (three males and three females). Pigs in the control group were fed a corn-soybean meal-based diet (without growth promoter) while the two experimental diets were supplied with 7.5 and 75.0 mg/kg PQQ·Na<sub>2</sub>, respectively. Average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI), feed conversion (F:G), diarrhea incidence, hematology, serum biochemistry, organ index and general health were determined. Diets supplementation with 7.5 mg/kg PQQ·Na<sub>2</sub> in weaned pigs could increase ADG during the entire experimental period (<i>p</i> < 0.05). And there was a tendency to decrease F:G (<i>p</i> = 0.063). The F:G of weaned pigs fed 7.5 and 75.0 mg/kg PQQ·Na<sub>2</sub> supplemented diets was decreased by 9.83% and 8.67%, respectively, compared to the control group. Moreover, pigs had reduced diarrhea incidence (<i>p</i> < 0.01) when supplemented with PQQ·Na<sub>2</sub>. No differences were observed between pigs supplemented with 0.0, 7.5 and 75.0 mg/kg PQQ·Na<sub>2</sub> diets on hematological and serum biochemical parameters as well as histological assessment of heart, liver, spleen, lung and kidney. At day 14, pigs had increased activity of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) (<i>p</i> < 0.05), catalase (CAT) (<i>p</i> < 0.05) and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) (<i>p</i> < 0.05), and the serum concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA) was decreased (<i>p</i> < 0.01) with PQQ·Na<sub>2</sub> supplementation. At day 28, pigs had increased activities of total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) (<i>p</i> < 0.01), GSH-Px (<i>p</i> < 0.01), CAT (<i>p</i> < 0.05) and T-AOC (<i>p</i> < 0.01), and serum concentration of MDA was lower (<i>p</i> < 0.01) with PQQ·Na<sub>2</sub> supplementation. In conclusion, PQQ·Na<sub>2</sub> can improve weaned pigs growth performance and serum antioxidant status. Meanwhile high PQQ·Na<sub>2</sub> inclusion of 75.0 mg/kg does not appear to result in harmful effects on growth performance of pigs.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/11/2/359pyrroloquinoline quinonesafetyredox statusweaned pigs |
| spellingShingle | Dongxu Ming Caiyun Huang Wenhui Wang Zijie Wang Chenyu Shi Xindi Yin Linlin Sun Youjun Gao Fenglai Wang Effects of Diet Supplemented with Excess Pyrroloquinoline Quinone Disodium on Growth Performance, Blood Parameters and Redox Status in Weaned Pigs Animals pyrroloquinoline quinone safety redox status weaned pigs |
| title | Effects of Diet Supplemented with Excess Pyrroloquinoline Quinone Disodium on Growth Performance, Blood Parameters and Redox Status in Weaned Pigs |
| title_full | Effects of Diet Supplemented with Excess Pyrroloquinoline Quinone Disodium on Growth Performance, Blood Parameters and Redox Status in Weaned Pigs |
| title_fullStr | Effects of Diet Supplemented with Excess Pyrroloquinoline Quinone Disodium on Growth Performance, Blood Parameters and Redox Status in Weaned Pigs |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of Diet Supplemented with Excess Pyrroloquinoline Quinone Disodium on Growth Performance, Blood Parameters and Redox Status in Weaned Pigs |
| title_short | Effects of Diet Supplemented with Excess Pyrroloquinoline Quinone Disodium on Growth Performance, Blood Parameters and Redox Status in Weaned Pigs |
| title_sort | effects of diet supplemented with excess pyrroloquinoline quinone disodium on growth performance blood parameters and redox status in weaned pigs |
| topic | pyrroloquinoline quinone safety redox status weaned pigs |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/11/2/359 |
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