A Layered View on Focal Adhesions
The cytoskeleton provides structure to cells and supports intracellular transport. Actin fibres are crucial to both functions. Focal Adhesions (FAs) are large macromolecular multiprotein assemblies at the ends of specialised actin fibres linking these to the extracellular matrix. FAs translate force...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-11-01
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| Series: | Biology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/10/11/1189 |
| _version_ | 1797511117196492800 |
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| author | Karin Legerstee Adriaan B. Houtsmuller |
| author_facet | Karin Legerstee Adriaan B. Houtsmuller |
| author_sort | Karin Legerstee |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The cytoskeleton provides structure to cells and supports intracellular transport. Actin fibres are crucial to both functions. Focal Adhesions (FAs) are large macromolecular multiprotein assemblies at the ends of specialised actin fibres linking these to the extracellular matrix. FAs translate forces on actin fibres into forces contributing to cell migration. This review will discuss recent insights into FA protein dynamics and their organisation within FAs, made possible by advances in fluorescence imaging techniques and data analysis methods. Over the last decade, evidence has accumulated that FAs are composed of three layers parallel to the plasma membrane. We focus on some of the most frequently investigated proteins, two from each layer, paxillin and FAK (bottom, integrin signalling layer), vinculin and talin (middle, force transduction layer) and zyxin and VASP (top, actin regulatory layer). Finally, we discuss the potential impact of this layered nature on different aspects of FA behaviour. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T05:40:54Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0bc85ba2c43b4cd19ff0b5962babf583 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-7737 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T05:40:54Z |
| publishDate | 2021-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biology |
| spelling | doaj.art-0bc85ba2c43b4cd19ff0b5962babf5832023-11-22T22:28:39ZengMDPI AGBiology2079-77372021-11-011011118910.3390/biology10111189A Layered View on Focal AdhesionsKarin Legerstee0Adriaan B. Houtsmuller1Department of Pathology, Erasmus MC, Doctor Molewaterplein 40, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The NetherlandsDepartment of Pathology, Erasmus MC, Doctor Molewaterplein 40, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The NetherlandsThe cytoskeleton provides structure to cells and supports intracellular transport. Actin fibres are crucial to both functions. Focal Adhesions (FAs) are large macromolecular multiprotein assemblies at the ends of specialised actin fibres linking these to the extracellular matrix. FAs translate forces on actin fibres into forces contributing to cell migration. This review will discuss recent insights into FA protein dynamics and their organisation within FAs, made possible by advances in fluorescence imaging techniques and data analysis methods. Over the last decade, evidence has accumulated that FAs are composed of three layers parallel to the plasma membrane. We focus on some of the most frequently investigated proteins, two from each layer, paxillin and FAK (bottom, integrin signalling layer), vinculin and talin (middle, force transduction layer) and zyxin and VASP (top, actin regulatory layer). Finally, we discuss the potential impact of this layered nature on different aspects of FA behaviour.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/10/11/1189cell adhesioncell migrationstratified structurenanoscaleprotein dynamicssuper resolution microscopy |
| spellingShingle | Karin Legerstee Adriaan B. Houtsmuller A Layered View on Focal Adhesions Biology cell adhesion cell migration stratified structure nanoscale protein dynamics super resolution microscopy |
| title | A Layered View on Focal Adhesions |
| title_full | A Layered View on Focal Adhesions |
| title_fullStr | A Layered View on Focal Adhesions |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Layered View on Focal Adhesions |
| title_short | A Layered View on Focal Adhesions |
| title_sort | layered view on focal adhesions |
| topic | cell adhesion cell migration stratified structure nanoscale protein dynamics super resolution microscopy |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/10/11/1189 |
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