A Semi-Theoretical Model for Water Condensation: Dew Used in Conservation of Earthen Heritage Sites
Dew is a common but important phenomenon. Though water is previously considered to be a threat to earthen heritage sites, artificial dew is showing potential in relic preservation. A model of dew prediction on earthen sites will be essential for developing preventive protection methods, but studies...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2020-12-01
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| Series: | Water |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/13/1/52 |
| _version_ | 1797543128641568768 |
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| author | Xiang He Sijia Wang Bingjian Zhang |
| author_facet | Xiang He Sijia Wang Bingjian Zhang |
| author_sort | Xiang He |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Dew is a common but important phenomenon. Though water is previously considered to be a threat to earthen heritage sites, artificial dew is showing potential in relic preservation. A model of dew prediction on earthen sites will be essential for developing preventive protection methods, but studies of dew formation processes on relics are limited. In this study, a two parameter model is proposed. It makes approximations according to the features of earthen heritage sites, assuming that a thin and steady air layer exists close to the air–solid interface. This semi-theoretical model was based on calculations of the mass transfer process in the air layer, and was validated by simulations of laboratory experiments (R > 0.9) as well as field experiments. Additionally, a numerical simulation, performed by the commercial software COMSOL, confirmed that the difference between fitting parameter <i>δ</i> and the thickness of assumed mass transfer field was not significant. This model will be helpful in developing automatic environmental control systems for stabilizing water and soluble salts, thus enhancing preventive protection of earthen heritage sites. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T13:40:18Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0bd8e3eb1e254709b7ad94300a88d8e3 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4441 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T13:40:18Z |
| publishDate | 2020-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Water |
| spelling | doaj.art-0bd8e3eb1e254709b7ad94300a88d8e32023-11-21T03:01:24ZengMDPI AGWater2073-44412020-12-011315210.3390/w13010052A Semi-Theoretical Model for Water Condensation: Dew Used in Conservation of Earthen Heritage SitesXiang He0Sijia Wang1Bingjian Zhang2Institute for Cultural Heritage and History of Science & Technology, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, ChinaDepartment of Cultural Heritage and Museology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310028, ChinaLaboratory of Cultural Relics Conservation Materials, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, ChinaDew is a common but important phenomenon. Though water is previously considered to be a threat to earthen heritage sites, artificial dew is showing potential in relic preservation. A model of dew prediction on earthen sites will be essential for developing preventive protection methods, but studies of dew formation processes on relics are limited. In this study, a two parameter model is proposed. It makes approximations according to the features of earthen heritage sites, assuming that a thin and steady air layer exists close to the air–solid interface. This semi-theoretical model was based on calculations of the mass transfer process in the air layer, and was validated by simulations of laboratory experiments (R > 0.9) as well as field experiments. Additionally, a numerical simulation, performed by the commercial software COMSOL, confirmed that the difference between fitting parameter <i>δ</i> and the thickness of assumed mass transfer field was not significant. This model will be helpful in developing automatic environmental control systems for stabilizing water and soluble salts, thus enhancing preventive protection of earthen heritage sites.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/13/1/52dewheritage conservationearthen heritage sitessemi-theoretical modelmass transfernumerical simulation |
| spellingShingle | Xiang He Sijia Wang Bingjian Zhang A Semi-Theoretical Model for Water Condensation: Dew Used in Conservation of Earthen Heritage Sites Water dew heritage conservation earthen heritage sites semi-theoretical model mass transfer numerical simulation |
| title | A Semi-Theoretical Model for Water Condensation: Dew Used in Conservation of Earthen Heritage Sites |
| title_full | A Semi-Theoretical Model for Water Condensation: Dew Used in Conservation of Earthen Heritage Sites |
| title_fullStr | A Semi-Theoretical Model for Water Condensation: Dew Used in Conservation of Earthen Heritage Sites |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Semi-Theoretical Model for Water Condensation: Dew Used in Conservation of Earthen Heritage Sites |
| title_short | A Semi-Theoretical Model for Water Condensation: Dew Used in Conservation of Earthen Heritage Sites |
| title_sort | semi theoretical model for water condensation dew used in conservation of earthen heritage sites |
| topic | dew heritage conservation earthen heritage sites semi-theoretical model mass transfer numerical simulation |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/13/1/52 |
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