The prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility of Staphylococcus spp. on ocular surfaces of fighting bulls (Bos indicus) in Thailand
Background and Aim: Fighting bulls have a high risk of eye injuries, and opportunistic conjunctival bacterial flora may cause subsequent eye diseases. There is little information about the ocular health care of fighting bulls in Thailand. Thus, this study aimed to estimate the prevalence of Staphylo...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Veterinary World
2022-12-01
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| Series: | Veterinary World |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.veterinaryworld.org/Vol.15/December-2022/22.pdf |
| _version_ | 1797977990747914240 |
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| author | Dennapa Saeloh Sotthibandhu Saowakon Indoung Husna Niwasawat Jiradchaya Chaiboon Nattakan Sungsorn Nu-issana Longji Kittipol Polya Chayanee Noosak Stefan Schwarz Tanawan Soimala |
| author_facet | Dennapa Saeloh Sotthibandhu Saowakon Indoung Husna Niwasawat Jiradchaya Chaiboon Nattakan Sungsorn Nu-issana Longji Kittipol Polya Chayanee Noosak Stefan Schwarz Tanawan Soimala |
| author_sort | Dennapa Saeloh Sotthibandhu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background and Aim: Fighting bulls have a high risk of eye injuries, and opportunistic conjunctival bacterial flora may cause subsequent eye diseases. There is little information about the ocular health care of fighting bulls in Thailand. Thus, this study aimed to estimate the prevalence of Staphylococcus spp. from the eyes of fighting bulls and investigate their antimicrobial susceptibility.
Materials and Methods: The samples were collected from the right conjunctival sacs of 105 fighting bulls. Biochemical tests and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry were used to identify bacteria to genus and species levels. Antimicrobial susceptibility was tested by agar disk diffusion.
Results: Staphylococcus spp. (36.84%, 56/152) were the most detected bacteria. The most prevalent Staphylococcus spp. was Staphylococcus chromogenes (37.50%, 21/56). The susceptibility test revealed that all isolates were susceptible to sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (56/56, 100%) and most were susceptible to chloramphenicol and gentamicin (54/56, 96.43%). The highest resistance rates were seen for tetracycline and doxycycline (23.21%, 13/56) followed by erythromycin (19.64%, 11/56). In addition, S. chromogenes isolates were evaluated for their ability to produce biofilms by a quantitative biofilm production assay. A total of 21 isolates exhibited biofilm production, independent of their antimicrobial susceptibility. Three multidrug-resistant isolates were found, including two Staphylococcus epidermidis isolates and a single S. chromogenes isolate.
Conclusion: As antimicrobial resistant bacteria were detected on the eye surface, veterinarians should always conduct antimicrobial susceptibility testing before using antimicrobial agents. The results from this study will help to improve the standard of eye treatment for fighting bulls in Thailand. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T05:15:50Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0be9db3af58f44018f386002767bf0b3 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0972-8988 2231-0916 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T05:15:50Z |
| publishDate | 2022-12-01 |
| publisher | Veterinary World |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Veterinary World |
| spelling | doaj.art-0be9db3af58f44018f386002767bf0b32022-12-24T06:57:09ZengVeterinary WorldVeterinary World0972-89882231-09162022-12-0115122922292810.14202/vetworld.2022.2922-2928The prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility of Staphylococcus spp. on ocular surfaces of fighting bulls (Bos indicus) in ThailandDennapa Saeloh Sotthibandhu0https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0031-3624Saowakon Indoung1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7938-5307Husna Niwasawat2https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2699-2197Jiradchaya Chaiboon3https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6199-1843Nattakan Sungsorn4https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6939-0313Nu-issana Longji5https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2872-0280Kittipol Polya6https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7498-2607Chayanee Noosak7https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2632-1585Stefan Schwarz8https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6303-8212Tanawan Soimala9https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3603-5566Faculty of Medical Technology, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla 90110, Thailand.Faculty of Veterinary Science, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla 90110, Thailand.Faculty of Veterinary Science, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla 90110, Thailand.Faculty of Veterinary Science, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla 90110, Thailand.Faculty of Veterinary Science, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla 90110, Thailand.Faculty of Veterinary Science, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla 90110, Thailand.Thunderbolt Fighting Bull Clinic, Songkhla 90110, Thailand.Faculty of Medical Technology, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla 90110, Thailand.Department of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Microbiology and Epizootics, Centre for Infection Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, 14163 Berlin, Germany; Veterinary Centre for Resistance Research (TZR), Department of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, 14163 Berlin, Germany.Faculty of Veterinary Science, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla 90110, Thailand.Background and Aim: Fighting bulls have a high risk of eye injuries, and opportunistic conjunctival bacterial flora may cause subsequent eye diseases. There is little information about the ocular health care of fighting bulls in Thailand. Thus, this study aimed to estimate the prevalence of Staphylococcus spp. from the eyes of fighting bulls and investigate their antimicrobial susceptibility. Materials and Methods: The samples were collected from the right conjunctival sacs of 105 fighting bulls. Biochemical tests and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry were used to identify bacteria to genus and species levels. Antimicrobial susceptibility was tested by agar disk diffusion. Results: Staphylococcus spp. (36.84%, 56/152) were the most detected bacteria. The most prevalent Staphylococcus spp. was Staphylococcus chromogenes (37.50%, 21/56). The susceptibility test revealed that all isolates were susceptible to sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (56/56, 100%) and most were susceptible to chloramphenicol and gentamicin (54/56, 96.43%). The highest resistance rates were seen for tetracycline and doxycycline (23.21%, 13/56) followed by erythromycin (19.64%, 11/56). In addition, S. chromogenes isolates were evaluated for their ability to produce biofilms by a quantitative biofilm production assay. A total of 21 isolates exhibited biofilm production, independent of their antimicrobial susceptibility. Three multidrug-resistant isolates were found, including two Staphylococcus epidermidis isolates and a single S. chromogenes isolate. Conclusion: As antimicrobial resistant bacteria were detected on the eye surface, veterinarians should always conduct antimicrobial susceptibility testing before using antimicrobial agents. The results from this study will help to improve the standard of eye treatment for fighting bulls in Thailand.http://www.veterinaryworld.org/Vol.15/December-2022/22.pdfantimicrobial susceptibilityconjunctival florafighting bullsstaphylococcus spp. |
| spellingShingle | Dennapa Saeloh Sotthibandhu Saowakon Indoung Husna Niwasawat Jiradchaya Chaiboon Nattakan Sungsorn Nu-issana Longji Kittipol Polya Chayanee Noosak Stefan Schwarz Tanawan Soimala The prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility of Staphylococcus spp. on ocular surfaces of fighting bulls (Bos indicus) in Thailand Veterinary World antimicrobial susceptibility conjunctival flora fighting bulls staphylococcus spp. |
| title | The prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility of Staphylococcus spp. on ocular surfaces of fighting bulls (Bos indicus) in Thailand |
| title_full | The prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility of Staphylococcus spp. on ocular surfaces of fighting bulls (Bos indicus) in Thailand |
| title_fullStr | The prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility of Staphylococcus spp. on ocular surfaces of fighting bulls (Bos indicus) in Thailand |
| title_full_unstemmed | The prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility of Staphylococcus spp. on ocular surfaces of fighting bulls (Bos indicus) in Thailand |
| title_short | The prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility of Staphylococcus spp. on ocular surfaces of fighting bulls (Bos indicus) in Thailand |
| title_sort | prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility of staphylococcus spp on ocular surfaces of fighting bulls bos indicus in thailand |
| topic | antimicrobial susceptibility conjunctival flora fighting bulls staphylococcus spp. |
| url | http://www.veterinaryworld.org/Vol.15/December-2022/22.pdf |
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