HE4 Tissue Expression as A Putative Prognostic Marker in Low-Risk/Low-Grade Endometrioid Endometrial Cancer: A Review
Low-grade stage I endometrioid endometrial carcinomas should have an excellent prognosis, but a small subset of these cancers can relapse. The search for putative immunohistochemical prognostic markers for relapse in low-risk/low-grade endometrioid endometrial cancers remains open. Among the candida...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-11-01
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| Series: | Current Oncology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1718-7729/29/11/673 |
| _version_ | 1797468617793601536 |
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| author | Valerio Mais Maria Luisa Fais Michele Peiretti Daniela Fanni Elena Massa Giulia Carboni Giuseppina Fais Giuseppe Deo Stefano Angioni |
| author_facet | Valerio Mais Maria Luisa Fais Michele Peiretti Daniela Fanni Elena Massa Giulia Carboni Giuseppina Fais Giuseppe Deo Stefano Angioni |
| author_sort | Valerio Mais |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Low-grade stage I endometrioid endometrial carcinomas should have an excellent prognosis, but a small subset of these cancers can relapse. The search for putative immunohistochemical prognostic markers for relapse in low-risk/low-grade endometrioid endometrial cancers remains open. Among the candidate molecules that may implicate the roles of immunohistochemical risk markers, we focused our attention on human epididymis protein 4 (HE4) after a review of the literature. Few authors have devoted themselves to this topic, and none have found a correlation between the tissue expression of HE4 and the molecular classification of endometrial cancer. Five different variants of HE4 mRNA and multiple protein isoforms of HE4 were identified many years ago, but current HE4 assays only measure the total HE4 expression and do not distinguish the different proteins encoded by different mRNA variants. It is important to have an approach to distinguish specific variants in the future. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T19:09:00Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0be9f66cde6d467eb6f660f8a201f386 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1198-0052 1718-7729 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T19:09:00Z |
| publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Current Oncology |
| spelling | doaj.art-0be9f66cde6d467eb6f660f8a201f3862023-11-24T04:16:44ZengMDPI AGCurrent Oncology1198-00521718-77292022-11-0129118540855510.3390/curroncol29110673HE4 Tissue Expression as A Putative Prognostic Marker in Low-Risk/Low-Grade Endometrioid Endometrial Cancer: A ReviewValerio Mais0Maria Luisa Fais1Michele Peiretti2Daniela Fanni3Elena Massa4Giulia Carboni5Giuseppina Fais6Giuseppe Deo7Stefano Angioni8Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Cagliari Medical School, 09042 Cagliari, ItalyDepartment of Surgical Sciences, University of Cagliari Medical School, 09042 Cagliari, ItalyDivision of Gynecology and Obstetrics (AOU di Cagliari), Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09042 Cagliari, ItalyDivision of Pathology (AOU di Cagliari), Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, 09042 Cagliari, ItalyDivision of Oncology (AOU di Cagliari), Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, 09042 Cagliari, ItalyDepartment of Surgical Sciences, University of Cagliari Medical School, 09042 Cagliari, ItalyDepartment of Surgical Sciences, University of Cagliari Medical School, 09042 Cagliari, ItalyDepartment of Surgical Sciences, University of Cagliari Medical School, 09042 Cagliari, ItalyDepartment of Surgical Sciences, University of Cagliari Medical School, 09042 Cagliari, ItalyLow-grade stage I endometrioid endometrial carcinomas should have an excellent prognosis, but a small subset of these cancers can relapse. The search for putative immunohistochemical prognostic markers for relapse in low-risk/low-grade endometrioid endometrial cancers remains open. Among the candidate molecules that may implicate the roles of immunohistochemical risk markers, we focused our attention on human epididymis protein 4 (HE4) after a review of the literature. Few authors have devoted themselves to this topic, and none have found a correlation between the tissue expression of HE4 and the molecular classification of endometrial cancer. Five different variants of HE4 mRNA and multiple protein isoforms of HE4 were identified many years ago, but current HE4 assays only measure the total HE4 expression and do not distinguish the different proteins encoded by different mRNA variants. It is important to have an approach to distinguish specific variants in the future.https://www.mdpi.com/1718-7729/29/11/673endometrial cancerendometrial hyperplasiacancer genome atlashuman epididymis protein 4HE4immunohistochemistry |
| spellingShingle | Valerio Mais Maria Luisa Fais Michele Peiretti Daniela Fanni Elena Massa Giulia Carboni Giuseppina Fais Giuseppe Deo Stefano Angioni HE4 Tissue Expression as A Putative Prognostic Marker in Low-Risk/Low-Grade Endometrioid Endometrial Cancer: A Review Current Oncology endometrial cancer endometrial hyperplasia cancer genome atlas human epididymis protein 4 HE4 immunohistochemistry |
| title | HE4 Tissue Expression as A Putative Prognostic Marker in Low-Risk/Low-Grade Endometrioid Endometrial Cancer: A Review |
| title_full | HE4 Tissue Expression as A Putative Prognostic Marker in Low-Risk/Low-Grade Endometrioid Endometrial Cancer: A Review |
| title_fullStr | HE4 Tissue Expression as A Putative Prognostic Marker in Low-Risk/Low-Grade Endometrioid Endometrial Cancer: A Review |
| title_full_unstemmed | HE4 Tissue Expression as A Putative Prognostic Marker in Low-Risk/Low-Grade Endometrioid Endometrial Cancer: A Review |
| title_short | HE4 Tissue Expression as A Putative Prognostic Marker in Low-Risk/Low-Grade Endometrioid Endometrial Cancer: A Review |
| title_sort | he4 tissue expression as a putative prognostic marker in low risk low grade endometrioid endometrial cancer a review |
| topic | endometrial cancer endometrial hyperplasia cancer genome atlas human epididymis protein 4 HE4 immunohistochemistry |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1718-7729/29/11/673 |
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