Ecology and spatiotemporal dynamics of sandflies in the Mediterranean Languedoc region (Roquedur area, Gard, France)
Abstract Background Phlebotomine sandflies are hematophagous insects widely present in Western Mediterranean countries and known for their role as Leishmania vectors. During the last ten years, the risk of leishmaniasis re-emergence has increased in France. However, sandfly biology and ecology in th...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2015-12-01
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| Series: | Parasites & Vectors |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-015-1250-2 |
| _version_ | 1797811865628180480 |
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| author | Jorian Prudhomme Nil Rahola Céline Toty Cécile Cassan David Roiz Baptiste Vergnes Magali Thierry Jean-Antoine Rioux Bulent Alten Denis Sereno Anne-Laure Bañuls |
| author_facet | Jorian Prudhomme Nil Rahola Céline Toty Cécile Cassan David Roiz Baptiste Vergnes Magali Thierry Jean-Antoine Rioux Bulent Alten Denis Sereno Anne-Laure Bañuls |
| author_sort | Jorian Prudhomme |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Phlebotomine sandflies are hematophagous insects widely present in Western Mediterranean countries and known for their role as Leishmania vectors. During the last ten years, the risk of leishmaniasis re-emergence has increased in France. However, sandfly biology and ecology in the South of France remain poorly known because the last detailed study on their spatiotemporal dynamics was performed over 30 years ago. The aim of the present study was to update our knowledge on sandfly ecology by determining their spatiotemporal dynamics and by investigating the relationship between environmental/climatic factors and the presence and abundance of sandflies in the South of France. Methods An entomological survey was carried out during three years (2011–2013) along a 14 kilometer-long transect. The findings were compared with the data collected along the same transect in 1977. Data loggers were placed in each station and programmed to record temperature and relative humidity every six hours between April 2011 and November 2014. Several environmental factors (such as altitude, slope and wall orientation (North, East, West and South)) were characterized at each station. Results Four sandfly species were collected: Phlebotomus ariasi and Sergentomyia minuta, which were predominant, Ph. perniciosus and Ph. mascittii. Sandfly activity within the studied area started in May and ended in October with peaks in July-August at the optimum average temperature. We found a positive effect of altitude and temperature and a negative effect of relative humidity on Ph. ariasi and Se. minuta presence. We detected interspecific differences and non-linear effects of these climatic variables on sandfly abundance. Although the environment has considerably changed in 30 years, no significant difference in sandfly dynamics and species diversity was found by comparing the 1977 and 2011–2013 data. Conclusion Our study shows that this area maintains a rich sandfly fauna with high Ph. ariasi population density during the active season. This represents a risk for Leishmania transmission. The analysis revealed that the presence and abundance of Ph. ariasi and Se. minuta were differently correlated with the environmental and climatic factors. Comparison with the data collected in 1977 highlighted the sandfly population stability, suggesting that they can adapt, in the short and long term, to changing ecosystems. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-13T07:30:07Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0bfa9549e0e84eb7a3cdec848f625f84 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1756-3305 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-13T07:30:07Z |
| publishDate | 2015-12-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
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| series | Parasites & Vectors |
| spelling | doaj.art-0bfa9549e0e84eb7a3cdec848f625f842023-06-04T11:08:38ZengBMCParasites & Vectors1756-33052015-12-018111410.1186/s13071-015-1250-2Ecology and spatiotemporal dynamics of sandflies in the Mediterranean Languedoc region (Roquedur area, Gard, France)Jorian Prudhomme0Nil Rahola1Céline Toty2Cécile Cassan3David Roiz4Baptiste Vergnes5Magali Thierry6Jean-Antoine Rioux7Bulent Alten8Denis Sereno9Anne-Laure Bañuls10Centre IRD, UMR MIVEGEC (IRD 224 - CNRS 5290 – Université Montpellier)Centre IRD, UMR MIVEGEC (IRD 224 - CNRS 5290 – Université Montpellier)Centre IRD, UMR MIVEGEC (IRD 224 - CNRS 5290 – Université Montpellier)Centre IRD, UMR MIVEGEC (IRD 224 - CNRS 5290 – Université Montpellier)Centre IRD, UMR MIVEGEC (IRD 224 - CNRS 5290 – Université Montpellier)Centre IRD, UMR MIVEGEC (IRD 224 - CNRS 5290 – Université Montpellier)Centre IRD, UMR MIVEGEC (IRD 224 - CNRS 5290 – Université Montpellier)Faculté de Médecine, Université MontpellierFaculty of Science, Department of Biology, Ecology Section, ESRL Laboratories, Hacettepe UniversityUMR INTERTRYP (IRD - CIRAD 177), Centre IRDCentre IRD, UMR MIVEGEC (IRD 224 - CNRS 5290 – Université Montpellier)Abstract Background Phlebotomine sandflies are hematophagous insects widely present in Western Mediterranean countries and known for their role as Leishmania vectors. During the last ten years, the risk of leishmaniasis re-emergence has increased in France. However, sandfly biology and ecology in the South of France remain poorly known because the last detailed study on their spatiotemporal dynamics was performed over 30 years ago. The aim of the present study was to update our knowledge on sandfly ecology by determining their spatiotemporal dynamics and by investigating the relationship between environmental/climatic factors and the presence and abundance of sandflies in the South of France. Methods An entomological survey was carried out during three years (2011–2013) along a 14 kilometer-long transect. The findings were compared with the data collected along the same transect in 1977. Data loggers were placed in each station and programmed to record temperature and relative humidity every six hours between April 2011 and November 2014. Several environmental factors (such as altitude, slope and wall orientation (North, East, West and South)) were characterized at each station. Results Four sandfly species were collected: Phlebotomus ariasi and Sergentomyia minuta, which were predominant, Ph. perniciosus and Ph. mascittii. Sandfly activity within the studied area started in May and ended in October with peaks in July-August at the optimum average temperature. We found a positive effect of altitude and temperature and a negative effect of relative humidity on Ph. ariasi and Se. minuta presence. We detected interspecific differences and non-linear effects of these climatic variables on sandfly abundance. Although the environment has considerably changed in 30 years, no significant difference in sandfly dynamics and species diversity was found by comparing the 1977 and 2011–2013 data. Conclusion Our study shows that this area maintains a rich sandfly fauna with high Ph. ariasi population density during the active season. This represents a risk for Leishmania transmission. The analysis revealed that the presence and abundance of Ph. ariasi and Se. minuta were differently correlated with the environmental and climatic factors. Comparison with the data collected in 1977 highlighted the sandfly population stability, suggesting that they can adapt, in the short and long term, to changing ecosystems.https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-015-1250-2SandfliesSouth of FranceEcologySpatiotemporal dynamics |
| spellingShingle | Jorian Prudhomme Nil Rahola Céline Toty Cécile Cassan David Roiz Baptiste Vergnes Magali Thierry Jean-Antoine Rioux Bulent Alten Denis Sereno Anne-Laure Bañuls Ecology and spatiotemporal dynamics of sandflies in the Mediterranean Languedoc region (Roquedur area, Gard, France) Parasites & Vectors Sandflies South of France Ecology Spatiotemporal dynamics |
| title | Ecology and spatiotemporal dynamics of sandflies in the Mediterranean Languedoc region (Roquedur area, Gard, France) |
| title_full | Ecology and spatiotemporal dynamics of sandflies in the Mediterranean Languedoc region (Roquedur area, Gard, France) |
| title_fullStr | Ecology and spatiotemporal dynamics of sandflies in the Mediterranean Languedoc region (Roquedur area, Gard, France) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Ecology and spatiotemporal dynamics of sandflies in the Mediterranean Languedoc region (Roquedur area, Gard, France) |
| title_short | Ecology and spatiotemporal dynamics of sandflies in the Mediterranean Languedoc region (Roquedur area, Gard, France) |
| title_sort | ecology and spatiotemporal dynamics of sandflies in the mediterranean languedoc region roquedur area gard france |
| topic | Sandflies South of France Ecology Spatiotemporal dynamics |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-015-1250-2 |
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