Prevalence and Genetic Characterization of Methicillin-Resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> Isolated from Pigs in Japan
We investigated the prevalence of livestock-associated methicillin-resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (LA-MRSA) in pig slaughterhouses from 2018 to 2022 in Japan and the isolates were examined for antimicrobial susceptibility and genetic characteristics by whole-genome analysis. Alth...
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MDPI AG
2024-02-01
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| author | Michiko Kawanishi Mari Matsuda Hitoshi Abo Manao Ozawa Yuta Hosoi Yukari Hiraoka Saki Harada Mio Kumakawa Hideto Sekiguchi |
| author_facet | Michiko Kawanishi Mari Matsuda Hitoshi Abo Manao Ozawa Yuta Hosoi Yukari Hiraoka Saki Harada Mio Kumakawa Hideto Sekiguchi |
| author_sort | Michiko Kawanishi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | We investigated the prevalence of livestock-associated methicillin-resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (LA-MRSA) in pig slaughterhouses from 2018 to 2022 in Japan and the isolates were examined for antimicrobial susceptibility and genetic characteristics by whole-genome analysis. Although the positive LA-MRSA rates on farms (29.6%) and samples (9.9%) in 2022 in Japan remained lower than those observed in European countries exhibiting extremely high rates of confirmed human LA-MRSA infections, these rates showed a gradually increasing trend over five years. The ST398/t034 strain was predominant, followed by ST5/t002, and differences were identified between ST398 and ST5 in terms of antimicrobial susceptibility and the resistance genes carried. Notably, LA-MRSA possessed resistance genes toward many antimicrobial classes, with 91.4% of the ST398 strains harboring zinc resistance genes. These findings indicate that the co-selection pressure associated with multidrug and zinc resistance may have contributed markedly to LA-MRSA persistence. SNP analysis revealed that ST398 and ST5 of swine origin were classified into a different cluster of MRSA from humans, showing the same ST in Japan and lacking the immune evasion genes (<i>scn</i>, <i>sak</i>, or <i>chp</i>). Although swine-origin LA-MRSA is currently unlikely to spread to humans and become a problem in current clinical practice, preventing its dissemination requires using antimicrobials prudently, limiting zinc utilization to the minimum required nutrient, and practicing fundamental hygiene measures. |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-07T22:44:12Z |
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| series | Antibiotics |
| spelling | doaj.art-0bffff761f784b608cd57d2ff109747e2024-02-23T15:05:06ZengMDPI AGAntibiotics2079-63822024-02-0113215510.3390/antibiotics13020155Prevalence and Genetic Characterization of Methicillin-Resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> Isolated from Pigs in JapanMichiko Kawanishi0Mari Matsuda1Hitoshi Abo2Manao Ozawa3Yuta Hosoi4Yukari Hiraoka5Saki Harada6Mio Kumakawa7Hideto Sekiguchi8Veterinary AMR Center, National Veterinary Assay Laboratory, Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Tokyo 185-8511, JapanVeterinary AMR Center, National Veterinary Assay Laboratory, Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Tokyo 185-8511, JapanVeterinary AMR Center, National Veterinary Assay Laboratory, Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Tokyo 185-8511, JapanVeterinary AMR Center, National Veterinary Assay Laboratory, Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Tokyo 185-8511, JapanVeterinary AMR Center, National Veterinary Assay Laboratory, Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Tokyo 185-8511, JapanVeterinary AMR Center, National Veterinary Assay Laboratory, Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Tokyo 185-8511, JapanVeterinary AMR Center, National Veterinary Assay Laboratory, Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Tokyo 185-8511, JapanVeterinary AMR Center, National Veterinary Assay Laboratory, Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Tokyo 185-8511, JapanVeterinary AMR Center, National Veterinary Assay Laboratory, Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Tokyo 185-8511, JapanWe investigated the prevalence of livestock-associated methicillin-resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (LA-MRSA) in pig slaughterhouses from 2018 to 2022 in Japan and the isolates were examined for antimicrobial susceptibility and genetic characteristics by whole-genome analysis. Although the positive LA-MRSA rates on farms (29.6%) and samples (9.9%) in 2022 in Japan remained lower than those observed in European countries exhibiting extremely high rates of confirmed human LA-MRSA infections, these rates showed a gradually increasing trend over five years. The ST398/t034 strain was predominant, followed by ST5/t002, and differences were identified between ST398 and ST5 in terms of antimicrobial susceptibility and the resistance genes carried. Notably, LA-MRSA possessed resistance genes toward many antimicrobial classes, with 91.4% of the ST398 strains harboring zinc resistance genes. These findings indicate that the co-selection pressure associated with multidrug and zinc resistance may have contributed markedly to LA-MRSA persistence. SNP analysis revealed that ST398 and ST5 of swine origin were classified into a different cluster of MRSA from humans, showing the same ST in Japan and lacking the immune evasion genes (<i>scn</i>, <i>sak</i>, or <i>chp</i>). Although swine-origin LA-MRSA is currently unlikely to spread to humans and become a problem in current clinical practice, preventing its dissemination requires using antimicrobials prudently, limiting zinc utilization to the minimum required nutrient, and practicing fundamental hygiene measures.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/13/2/155LA-MRSAST398ST8antimicrobial resistancezinc resistanceSNP analysis |
| spellingShingle | Michiko Kawanishi Mari Matsuda Hitoshi Abo Manao Ozawa Yuta Hosoi Yukari Hiraoka Saki Harada Mio Kumakawa Hideto Sekiguchi Prevalence and Genetic Characterization of Methicillin-Resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> Isolated from Pigs in Japan Antibiotics LA-MRSA ST398 ST8 antimicrobial resistance zinc resistance SNP analysis |
| title | Prevalence and Genetic Characterization of Methicillin-Resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> Isolated from Pigs in Japan |
| title_full | Prevalence and Genetic Characterization of Methicillin-Resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> Isolated from Pigs in Japan |
| title_fullStr | Prevalence and Genetic Characterization of Methicillin-Resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> Isolated from Pigs in Japan |
| title_full_unstemmed | Prevalence and Genetic Characterization of Methicillin-Resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> Isolated from Pigs in Japan |
| title_short | Prevalence and Genetic Characterization of Methicillin-Resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> Isolated from Pigs in Japan |
| title_sort | prevalence and genetic characterization of methicillin resistant i staphylococcus aureus i isolated from pigs in japan |
| topic | LA-MRSA ST398 ST8 antimicrobial resistance zinc resistance SNP analysis |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/13/2/155 |
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