Socioeconomic determinants of global distribution of multiple sclerosis: an ecological investigation based on Global Burden of Disease data
Abstract Background Socioeconomic factors may be involved in risk of multiple sclerosis (MS), either indirectly or as confounding factors. In this study two comprehensive indicators reflecting socioeconomic differences, including the Human Development Index (HDI) and Prosperity Index (PI), were used...
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BMC
2021-04-01
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| Series: | BMC Neurology |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12883-021-02170-3 |
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| author | Vahid Kazemi Moghaddam Aisha S. Dickerson Edris Bazrafshan Seyedeh Nahid Seyedhasani Fereshteh Najafi Mostafa Hadei Jalil Momeni Ghasem Moradi Mohammad Sarmadi |
| author_facet | Vahid Kazemi Moghaddam Aisha S. Dickerson Edris Bazrafshan Seyedeh Nahid Seyedhasani Fereshteh Najafi Mostafa Hadei Jalil Momeni Ghasem Moradi Mohammad Sarmadi |
| author_sort | Vahid Kazemi Moghaddam |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Socioeconomic factors may be involved in risk of multiple sclerosis (MS), either indirectly or as confounding factors. In this study two comprehensive indicators reflecting socioeconomic differences, including the Human Development Index (HDI) and Prosperity Index (PI), were used to assess the impact of these factors on the worldwide distribution of MS. Methods The data for this global ecological study were obtained from three comprehensive databases including the Global Burden of Disease (as the source of MS indices), United Nations Development Programme (source for HDI) and the Legatum Institute Database for PI. MS indices (including prevalence, incidence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years) were all analyzed in the form of age- and sex-standardized. Correlation and regression analyses were used to investigate the relationship between HDI and PI and their subsets with MS indices. Results All MS indices were correlated with HDI and PI. It was also found that developed countries had significantly higher prevalence and incidence rates of MS than developing countries. Education and governance from the PI, and gross national income and expected years of schooling from the HDI were more associated with MS. Education was significantly related to MS indices (p < 0.01) in both developed and developing countries. Conclusion In general, the difference in income and the socioeconomic development globally have created a landscape for MS that should be studied in more detail in future studies. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-16T12:33:55Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0c12fb3e2e9a4d0c8f7be1533762a20f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1471-2377 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-16T12:33:55Z |
| publishDate | 2021-04-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Neurology |
| spelling | doaj.art-0c12fb3e2e9a4d0c8f7be1533762a20f2022-12-21T22:31:38ZengBMCBMC Neurology1471-23772021-04-0121111110.1186/s12883-021-02170-3Socioeconomic determinants of global distribution of multiple sclerosis: an ecological investigation based on Global Burden of Disease dataVahid Kazemi Moghaddam0Aisha S. Dickerson1Edris Bazrafshan2Seyedeh Nahid Seyedhasani3Fereshteh Najafi4Mostafa Hadei5Jalil Momeni6Ghasem Moradi7Mohammad Sarmadi8Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Neyshabur University of Medical SciencesDepartment of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public HealthDepartment of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical SciencesHealth Sciences Research Center, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical SciencesDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical SciencesDepartment of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical ScienceStudent Research Committee, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical SciencesStudent Research Committee, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical SciencesDepartment of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical SciencesAbstract Background Socioeconomic factors may be involved in risk of multiple sclerosis (MS), either indirectly or as confounding factors. In this study two comprehensive indicators reflecting socioeconomic differences, including the Human Development Index (HDI) and Prosperity Index (PI), were used to assess the impact of these factors on the worldwide distribution of MS. Methods The data for this global ecological study were obtained from three comprehensive databases including the Global Burden of Disease (as the source of MS indices), United Nations Development Programme (source for HDI) and the Legatum Institute Database for PI. MS indices (including prevalence, incidence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years) were all analyzed in the form of age- and sex-standardized. Correlation and regression analyses were used to investigate the relationship between HDI and PI and their subsets with MS indices. Results All MS indices were correlated with HDI and PI. It was also found that developed countries had significantly higher prevalence and incidence rates of MS than developing countries. Education and governance from the PI, and gross national income and expected years of schooling from the HDI were more associated with MS. Education was significantly related to MS indices (p < 0.01) in both developed and developing countries. Conclusion In general, the difference in income and the socioeconomic development globally have created a landscape for MS that should be studied in more detail in future studies.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12883-021-02170-3Multiple sclerosisHuman development indexProsperity indexSocioeconomic factorsEcology study |
| spellingShingle | Vahid Kazemi Moghaddam Aisha S. Dickerson Edris Bazrafshan Seyedeh Nahid Seyedhasani Fereshteh Najafi Mostafa Hadei Jalil Momeni Ghasem Moradi Mohammad Sarmadi Socioeconomic determinants of global distribution of multiple sclerosis: an ecological investigation based on Global Burden of Disease data BMC Neurology Multiple sclerosis Human development index Prosperity index Socioeconomic factors Ecology study |
| title | Socioeconomic determinants of global distribution of multiple sclerosis: an ecological investigation based on Global Burden of Disease data |
| title_full | Socioeconomic determinants of global distribution of multiple sclerosis: an ecological investigation based on Global Burden of Disease data |
| title_fullStr | Socioeconomic determinants of global distribution of multiple sclerosis: an ecological investigation based on Global Burden of Disease data |
| title_full_unstemmed | Socioeconomic determinants of global distribution of multiple sclerosis: an ecological investigation based on Global Burden of Disease data |
| title_short | Socioeconomic determinants of global distribution of multiple sclerosis: an ecological investigation based on Global Burden of Disease data |
| title_sort | socioeconomic determinants of global distribution of multiple sclerosis an ecological investigation based on global burden of disease data |
| topic | Multiple sclerosis Human development index Prosperity index Socioeconomic factors Ecology study |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12883-021-02170-3 |
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