Effect of Retained Austenite and Non-Metallic Inclusions on the Mechanical Properties of Resistance Spot Welding Nuggets of Low-Alloy TRIP Steels
The combination of high strength and formability of transformation induced plasticity (TRIP) steels is interesting for the automotive industry. However, the poor weldability limits its industrial application. This paper shows the results of six low-alloy TRIP steels with different chemical compositi...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2019-09-01
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| Series: | Metals |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/9/10/1064 |
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| author | Víctor H. Vargas Cortés Gerardo Altamirano Guerrero Ignacio Mejía Granados Víctor H. Baltazar Hernández Cuauhtémoc Maldonado Zepeda |
| author_facet | Víctor H. Vargas Cortés Gerardo Altamirano Guerrero Ignacio Mejía Granados Víctor H. Baltazar Hernández Cuauhtémoc Maldonado Zepeda |
| author_sort | Víctor H. Vargas Cortés |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The combination of high strength and formability of transformation induced plasticity (TRIP) steels is interesting for the automotive industry. However, the poor weldability limits its industrial application. This paper shows the results of six low-alloy TRIP steels with different chemical composition which were studied in order to correlate retained austenite (RA) and non-metallic inclusions (NMI) with their resistance spot welded zones to their joints’ final mechanical properties. RA volume fractions were quantified by X-ray microdiffraction (µSXRD) while the magnetic saturation technique was used to quantify NMI contents. Microstructural characterization and NMI of the base metals and spot welds were assessed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Weld nuggets macrostructures were identified using optical microscopy (OM). The lap-shear tensile test was used to determine the final mechanical properties of the welded joints. It was found that NMI content in the fusion zone (FZ) was higher than those in the base metal and heat affected zone (HAZ). Whereas, traces of RA were found in the HAZ of highly alloyed TRIP steels. Lap-shear tensile test results showed that mechanical properties of spot welds were affected by NMI contents, but in a major way by the decomposition of RA in the FZ and HAZ. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-21T01:10:37Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0c1b263428be44d3a327b02f172876ac |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2075-4701 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-21T01:10:37Z |
| publishDate | 2019-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Metals |
| spelling | doaj.art-0c1b263428be44d3a327b02f172876ac2022-12-21T19:20:55ZengMDPI AGMetals2075-47012019-09-01910106410.3390/met9101064met9101064Effect of Retained Austenite and Non-Metallic Inclusions on the Mechanical Properties of Resistance Spot Welding Nuggets of Low-Alloy TRIP SteelsVíctor H. Vargas Cortés0Gerardo Altamirano Guerrero1Ignacio Mejía Granados2Víctor H. Baltazar Hernández3Cuauhtémoc Maldonado Zepeda4Instituto de Investigación en Metalurgia y Materiales, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Edificio “U3”, Ciudad Universitaria, Morelia 58030, Michoacán, MexicoInstituto Tecnológico de Saltillo. Blvd, Venustiano Carranza #2400, Col. Tecnológico, Saltillo C.P. 25280, MexicoInstituto de Investigación en Metalurgia y Materiales, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Edificio “U3”, Ciudad Universitaria, Morelia 58030, Michoacán, MexicoMaterials Science and Engineering Program, Autonomous University of Zacatecas, López Velarde 801, Zacatecas 9800, Zacatecas, MexicoInstituto de Investigación en Metalurgia y Materiales, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Edificio “U3”, Ciudad Universitaria, Morelia 58030, Michoacán, MexicoThe combination of high strength and formability of transformation induced plasticity (TRIP) steels is interesting for the automotive industry. However, the poor weldability limits its industrial application. This paper shows the results of six low-alloy TRIP steels with different chemical composition which were studied in order to correlate retained austenite (RA) and non-metallic inclusions (NMI) with their resistance spot welded zones to their joints’ final mechanical properties. RA volume fractions were quantified by X-ray microdiffraction (µSXRD) while the magnetic saturation technique was used to quantify NMI contents. Microstructural characterization and NMI of the base metals and spot welds were assessed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Weld nuggets macrostructures were identified using optical microscopy (OM). The lap-shear tensile test was used to determine the final mechanical properties of the welded joints. It was found that NMI content in the fusion zone (FZ) was higher than those in the base metal and heat affected zone (HAZ). Whereas, traces of RA were found in the HAZ of highly alloyed TRIP steels. Lap-shear tensile test results showed that mechanical properties of spot welds were affected by NMI contents, but in a major way by the decomposition of RA in the FZ and HAZ.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/9/10/1064low-alloy trip steelresistance spot weldingretained austenitenon-metallic inclusionsx-ray microdiffraction and magnetometry |
| spellingShingle | Víctor H. Vargas Cortés Gerardo Altamirano Guerrero Ignacio Mejía Granados Víctor H. Baltazar Hernández Cuauhtémoc Maldonado Zepeda Effect of Retained Austenite and Non-Metallic Inclusions on the Mechanical Properties of Resistance Spot Welding Nuggets of Low-Alloy TRIP Steels Metals low-alloy trip steel resistance spot welding retained austenite non-metallic inclusions x-ray microdiffraction and magnetometry |
| title | Effect of Retained Austenite and Non-Metallic Inclusions on the Mechanical Properties of Resistance Spot Welding Nuggets of Low-Alloy TRIP Steels |
| title_full | Effect of Retained Austenite and Non-Metallic Inclusions on the Mechanical Properties of Resistance Spot Welding Nuggets of Low-Alloy TRIP Steels |
| title_fullStr | Effect of Retained Austenite and Non-Metallic Inclusions on the Mechanical Properties of Resistance Spot Welding Nuggets of Low-Alloy TRIP Steels |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of Retained Austenite and Non-Metallic Inclusions on the Mechanical Properties of Resistance Spot Welding Nuggets of Low-Alloy TRIP Steels |
| title_short | Effect of Retained Austenite and Non-Metallic Inclusions on the Mechanical Properties of Resistance Spot Welding Nuggets of Low-Alloy TRIP Steels |
| title_sort | effect of retained austenite and non metallic inclusions on the mechanical properties of resistance spot welding nuggets of low alloy trip steels |
| topic | low-alloy trip steel resistance spot welding retained austenite non-metallic inclusions x-ray microdiffraction and magnetometry |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/9/10/1064 |
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