Epidemiology of hepatitis B virus infection in people living in poverty in the central-west region of Brazil
Abstract Background People living in poverty (PLP) are highly vulnerable to hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. This study aimed to investigate the epidemiology of HBV infection in PLP in the metropolitan region of Goiânia, Goiás State, in the Central-West Region of Brazil. Methods A cross-sectional...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2019-04-01
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| Series: | BMC Public Health |
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| Online Access: | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12889-019-6828-8 |
| _version_ | 1819230328331436032 |
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| author | Lara Cristina da Cunha Guimarães Sandra Brunini Rafael Alves Guimarães Hélio Galdino-Júnior Ruth Minamisava Vanessa Elias da Cunha Jordana Rúbia Souza Santos Elisângela de Paula Silveira- Lacerda Christiane Moreira Souza Vera Lúcia Brandão de Oliveira Gabriela Cavalcante Albernaz Thiago Guida de Menezes Giovanni Rezza |
| author_facet | Lara Cristina da Cunha Guimarães Sandra Brunini Rafael Alves Guimarães Hélio Galdino-Júnior Ruth Minamisava Vanessa Elias da Cunha Jordana Rúbia Souza Santos Elisângela de Paula Silveira- Lacerda Christiane Moreira Souza Vera Lúcia Brandão de Oliveira Gabriela Cavalcante Albernaz Thiago Guida de Menezes Giovanni Rezza |
| author_sort | Lara Cristina da Cunha Guimarães |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background People living in poverty (PLP) are highly vulnerable to hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. This study aimed to investigate the epidemiology of HBV infection in PLP in the metropolitan region of Goiânia, Goiás State, in the Central-West Region of Brazil. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted from August to December 2016 in adults aged ≥12 years living in poverty. The following serological markers for HBV were investigated: hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), antibody to HBV core antigen (total anti-HBc), IgM anti-HBc, and hepatitis B surface antibody (anti-HBs), which were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Poisson regression analysis with robust variance was performed to verify the factors associated with HBV exposure. Results The study included 378 participants. The overall prevalence rate of HBV (any viral marker) was 9.8% (95% confidence interval [CI], 7.2–13.2). The prevalence rate of HBsAg in combination with total anti-HBc was 0.8% (95% CI, 0.3–2.4), total anti-HBc in combination with anti-HBs was 7.7% (95% CI, 5.4–10.9), and total anti-HBc alone was 1.3% (95% CI, 0.5–3.0) in the population. Furthermore, isolated positivity for anti-HBs was identified in only 25.4% (95% CI, 21.3–30.0) of the participants. Multiple regression analysis revealed that age (adjusted prevalence ratio [APR], 1.04; 95% CI, 1.01–1.07), female sex (APR, 2.18; 95% CI, 1.01–4.73), sexual intercourse under the influence of alcohol (APR, 2.49; 95% CI, 1.36–7.06), and exposure to Treponema pallidum (APR, 3.10; 95% CI, 1.36–7.06) were associated with HBV exposure. Conclusion There was a high prevalence of HBV exposure in PLP in the Central-West Region of Brazil, indicating significant viral spread of the infection. Additionally, there was low serological evidence of immunisation against hepatitis B, indicating that a large proportion of the participants in this study are susceptible to the infection. The results support the need for public health policies that facilitate access to the existing healthcare services in hard-to-reach groups with special regard to immunisation programmes against hepatitis B. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-23T11:27:19Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0c1b691dae71498790d20af5aa57a29e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1471-2458 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-23T11:27:19Z |
| publishDate | 2019-04-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Public Health |
| spelling | doaj.art-0c1b691dae71498790d20af5aa57a29e2022-12-21T17:48:54ZengBMCBMC Public Health1471-24582019-04-0119111110.1186/s12889-019-6828-8Epidemiology of hepatitis B virus infection in people living in poverty in the central-west region of BrazilLara Cristina da Cunha Guimarães0Sandra Brunini1Rafael Alves Guimarães2Hélio Galdino-Júnior3Ruth Minamisava4Vanessa Elias da Cunha5Jordana Rúbia Souza Santos6Elisângela de Paula Silveira- Lacerda7Christiane Moreira Souza8Vera Lúcia Brandão de Oliveira9Gabriela Cavalcante Albernaz10Thiago Guida de Menezes11Giovanni Rezza12Faculty of Nursing, Federal University of GoiásFaculty of Nursing, Federal University of GoiásInstituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Federal University of GoiásFaculty of Nursing, Federal University of GoiásFaculty of Nursing, Federal University of GoiásFaculty of Nursing, Federal University of GoiásFaculty of Nursing, Federal University of GoiásInstituto de Ciências Biológicas, Federal University of GoiásFaculty of Nursing, Federal University of GoiásLaboratório de Análises Clínicas e Estudo em Saúde (LACES), Federal University of GoiásFaculty of Nursing, Federal University of GoiásSecretaria de Estado da Saúde de Goiás/Coordenação Estadual de Controle das Hepatites Virais – CECHVDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di SanitáAbstract Background People living in poverty (PLP) are highly vulnerable to hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. This study aimed to investigate the epidemiology of HBV infection in PLP in the metropolitan region of Goiânia, Goiás State, in the Central-West Region of Brazil. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted from August to December 2016 in adults aged ≥12 years living in poverty. The following serological markers for HBV were investigated: hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), antibody to HBV core antigen (total anti-HBc), IgM anti-HBc, and hepatitis B surface antibody (anti-HBs), which were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Poisson regression analysis with robust variance was performed to verify the factors associated with HBV exposure. Results The study included 378 participants. The overall prevalence rate of HBV (any viral marker) was 9.8% (95% confidence interval [CI], 7.2–13.2). The prevalence rate of HBsAg in combination with total anti-HBc was 0.8% (95% CI, 0.3–2.4), total anti-HBc in combination with anti-HBs was 7.7% (95% CI, 5.4–10.9), and total anti-HBc alone was 1.3% (95% CI, 0.5–3.0) in the population. Furthermore, isolated positivity for anti-HBs was identified in only 25.4% (95% CI, 21.3–30.0) of the participants. Multiple regression analysis revealed that age (adjusted prevalence ratio [APR], 1.04; 95% CI, 1.01–1.07), female sex (APR, 2.18; 95% CI, 1.01–4.73), sexual intercourse under the influence of alcohol (APR, 2.49; 95% CI, 1.36–7.06), and exposure to Treponema pallidum (APR, 3.10; 95% CI, 1.36–7.06) were associated with HBV exposure. Conclusion There was a high prevalence of HBV exposure in PLP in the Central-West Region of Brazil, indicating significant viral spread of the infection. Additionally, there was low serological evidence of immunisation against hepatitis B, indicating that a large proportion of the participants in this study are susceptible to the infection. The results support the need for public health policies that facilitate access to the existing healthcare services in hard-to-reach groups with special regard to immunisation programmes against hepatitis B.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12889-019-6828-8Hepatitis B infectionPovertyEpidemiology, immunisation |
| spellingShingle | Lara Cristina da Cunha Guimarães Sandra Brunini Rafael Alves Guimarães Hélio Galdino-Júnior Ruth Minamisava Vanessa Elias da Cunha Jordana Rúbia Souza Santos Elisângela de Paula Silveira- Lacerda Christiane Moreira Souza Vera Lúcia Brandão de Oliveira Gabriela Cavalcante Albernaz Thiago Guida de Menezes Giovanni Rezza Epidemiology of hepatitis B virus infection in people living in poverty in the central-west region of Brazil BMC Public Health Hepatitis B infection Poverty Epidemiology, immunisation |
| title | Epidemiology of hepatitis B virus infection in people living in poverty in the central-west region of Brazil |
| title_full | Epidemiology of hepatitis B virus infection in people living in poverty in the central-west region of Brazil |
| title_fullStr | Epidemiology of hepatitis B virus infection in people living in poverty in the central-west region of Brazil |
| title_full_unstemmed | Epidemiology of hepatitis B virus infection in people living in poverty in the central-west region of Brazil |
| title_short | Epidemiology of hepatitis B virus infection in people living in poverty in the central-west region of Brazil |
| title_sort | epidemiology of hepatitis b virus infection in people living in poverty in the central west region of brazil |
| topic | Hepatitis B infection Poverty Epidemiology, immunisation |
| url | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12889-019-6828-8 |
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