Effect of different sport environments on proactive and reactive motor inhibition: A study on open- and closed-skilled athletes via mouse-tracking procedure
This study aimed to investigate the effect of different sport environments (open-and closed-skill sports) on proactive and reactive inhibitory processes as two distinct components of motor inhibition. A mouse-tracking procedure was employed to compare behavioral performance among three groups of par...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-12-01
|
| Series: | Frontiers in Psychology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1042705/full |
| _version_ | 1811299014157533184 |
|---|---|
| author | Riccardo Bravi Gioele Gavazzi Gioele Gavazzi Viola Benedetti Fabio Giovannelli Stefano Grasso Giulia Panconi Maria Pia Viggiano Diego Minciacchi |
| author_facet | Riccardo Bravi Gioele Gavazzi Gioele Gavazzi Viola Benedetti Fabio Giovannelli Stefano Grasso Giulia Panconi Maria Pia Viggiano Diego Minciacchi |
| author_sort | Riccardo Bravi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This study aimed to investigate the effect of different sport environments (open-and closed-skill sports) on proactive and reactive inhibitory processes as two distinct components of motor inhibition. A mouse-tracking procedure was employed to compare behavioral performance among three groups of participants (tennis players, swimmers and non-athletes) in non-sport-specific cued Go/No-Go (GNG) and Stop Signal Task (SST), which mainly engage proactive and reactive inhibitory control, respectively. Reaction times (RTs), inhibitory failures, and Stop Signal Reaction Times (SSRTs) were measured. To investigate dynamic aspects of inhibitory control, movement trajectories classified as one-shot (absence of trajectory alteration reflected in a steep slope) or non-one-shot (non-linear/multipeaked trajectory, with one or multiple corrections) were analyzed and compared among groups. Results showed no group differences in RTs in Go/No-Go and Stop conditions. SSRTs were significant shorter for the athletes than non-athletes in SST, but no differences emerged for inhibitory failures in cued GNG. During inhibitory failures athletes showed higher proportion of non-one-shot movements than non-athletes. Higher proportion of non-one-shot profiles was observed in cued GNG compared to SST. Finally, no differences between open-and closed-skilled athletes were found in both tasks. Our findings suggest that both proactive and reactive inhibitory controls do benefit from sport practice, but open-and closed-skill sports do not differ in influencing inhibitory processes. Movement profile analysis could be a promising, complementary behavioral analysis to integrate for more fine-grained evaluation and differentiation of inhibitory motor control in athletes, specifically when using GNG tasks. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T06:28:53Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0c2b5668362d429999f49789f3e3b767 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-1078 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T06:28:53Z |
| publishDate | 2022-12-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Psychology |
| spelling | doaj.art-0c2b5668362d429999f49789f3e3b7672022-12-22T02:58:14ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Psychology1664-10782022-12-011310.3389/fpsyg.2022.10427051042705Effect of different sport environments on proactive and reactive motor inhibition: A study on open- and closed-skilled athletes via mouse-tracking procedureRiccardo Bravi0Gioele Gavazzi1Gioele Gavazzi2Viola Benedetti3Fabio Giovannelli4Stefano Grasso5Giulia Panconi6Maria Pia Viggiano7Diego Minciacchi8Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, ItalyDepartment of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child’s Health (NEUROFARBA), University of Florence, Florence, ItalyIRCCS SDN, Naples, ItalyDepartment of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child’s Health (NEUROFARBA), University of Florence, Florence, ItalyDepartment of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child’s Health (NEUROFARBA), University of Florence, Florence, ItalyDepartment of Physiology and Pharmacology “Vittorio Erspamer”, SAPIENZA University of Rome, Rome, ItalyDepartment of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, ItalyDepartment of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child’s Health (NEUROFARBA), University of Florence, Florence, ItalyDepartment of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, ItalyThis study aimed to investigate the effect of different sport environments (open-and closed-skill sports) on proactive and reactive inhibitory processes as two distinct components of motor inhibition. A mouse-tracking procedure was employed to compare behavioral performance among three groups of participants (tennis players, swimmers and non-athletes) in non-sport-specific cued Go/No-Go (GNG) and Stop Signal Task (SST), which mainly engage proactive and reactive inhibitory control, respectively. Reaction times (RTs), inhibitory failures, and Stop Signal Reaction Times (SSRTs) were measured. To investigate dynamic aspects of inhibitory control, movement trajectories classified as one-shot (absence of trajectory alteration reflected in a steep slope) or non-one-shot (non-linear/multipeaked trajectory, with one or multiple corrections) were analyzed and compared among groups. Results showed no group differences in RTs in Go/No-Go and Stop conditions. SSRTs were significant shorter for the athletes than non-athletes in SST, but no differences emerged for inhibitory failures in cued GNG. During inhibitory failures athletes showed higher proportion of non-one-shot movements than non-athletes. Higher proportion of non-one-shot profiles was observed in cued GNG compared to SST. Finally, no differences between open-and closed-skilled athletes were found in both tasks. Our findings suggest that both proactive and reactive inhibitory controls do benefit from sport practice, but open-and closed-skill sports do not differ in influencing inhibitory processes. Movement profile analysis could be a promising, complementary behavioral analysis to integrate for more fine-grained evaluation and differentiation of inhibitory motor control in athletes, specifically when using GNG tasks.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1042705/fullmotor inhibitionproactive and reactive inhibitory controlsport trainingopen- and closed-skill sportsopen- and closed-skilled athletesmouse tracking |
| spellingShingle | Riccardo Bravi Gioele Gavazzi Gioele Gavazzi Viola Benedetti Fabio Giovannelli Stefano Grasso Giulia Panconi Maria Pia Viggiano Diego Minciacchi Effect of different sport environments on proactive and reactive motor inhibition: A study on open- and closed-skilled athletes via mouse-tracking procedure Frontiers in Psychology motor inhibition proactive and reactive inhibitory control sport training open- and closed-skill sports open- and closed-skilled athletes mouse tracking |
| title | Effect of different sport environments on proactive and reactive motor inhibition: A study on open- and closed-skilled athletes via mouse-tracking procedure |
| title_full | Effect of different sport environments on proactive and reactive motor inhibition: A study on open- and closed-skilled athletes via mouse-tracking procedure |
| title_fullStr | Effect of different sport environments on proactive and reactive motor inhibition: A study on open- and closed-skilled athletes via mouse-tracking procedure |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of different sport environments on proactive and reactive motor inhibition: A study on open- and closed-skilled athletes via mouse-tracking procedure |
| title_short | Effect of different sport environments on proactive and reactive motor inhibition: A study on open- and closed-skilled athletes via mouse-tracking procedure |
| title_sort | effect of different sport environments on proactive and reactive motor inhibition a study on open and closed skilled athletes via mouse tracking procedure |
| topic | motor inhibition proactive and reactive inhibitory control sport training open- and closed-skill sports open- and closed-skilled athletes mouse tracking |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1042705/full |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT riccardobravi effectofdifferentsportenvironmentsonproactiveandreactivemotorinhibitionastudyonopenandclosedskilledathletesviamousetrackingprocedure AT gioelegavazzi effectofdifferentsportenvironmentsonproactiveandreactivemotorinhibitionastudyonopenandclosedskilledathletesviamousetrackingprocedure AT gioelegavazzi effectofdifferentsportenvironmentsonproactiveandreactivemotorinhibitionastudyonopenandclosedskilledathletesviamousetrackingprocedure AT violabenedetti effectofdifferentsportenvironmentsonproactiveandreactivemotorinhibitionastudyonopenandclosedskilledathletesviamousetrackingprocedure AT fabiogiovannelli effectofdifferentsportenvironmentsonproactiveandreactivemotorinhibitionastudyonopenandclosedskilledathletesviamousetrackingprocedure AT stefanograsso effectofdifferentsportenvironmentsonproactiveandreactivemotorinhibitionastudyonopenandclosedskilledathletesviamousetrackingprocedure AT giuliapanconi effectofdifferentsportenvironmentsonproactiveandreactivemotorinhibitionastudyonopenandclosedskilledathletesviamousetrackingprocedure AT mariapiaviggiano effectofdifferentsportenvironmentsonproactiveandreactivemotorinhibitionastudyonopenandclosedskilledathletesviamousetrackingprocedure AT diegominciacchi effectofdifferentsportenvironmentsonproactiveandreactivemotorinhibitionastudyonopenandclosedskilledathletesviamousetrackingprocedure |