How do carbohydrate quality indices influence on bone mass density in postmenopausal women? A case–control study
Abstract Background Carbohydrates are the primary energy source in Asian countries, including Iran. An emerging method can be used to measure the quality of carbohydrates, including the carbohydrate quality index (CQI), which includes a variety of components. Low-carbohydrate diet score (LCDS) has b...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2023-01-01
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| Series: | BMC Women's Health |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12905-023-02188-4 |
| _version_ | 1811171545391824896 |
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| author | Mehran Nouri Marzieh Mahmoodi Zainab Shateri Marzieh Ghadiri Milad Rajabzadeh-Dehkordi Mohebat Vali Bahram Pourghassem Gargari |
| author_facet | Mehran Nouri Marzieh Mahmoodi Zainab Shateri Marzieh Ghadiri Milad Rajabzadeh-Dehkordi Mohebat Vali Bahram Pourghassem Gargari |
| author_sort | Mehran Nouri |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Carbohydrates are the primary energy source in Asian countries, including Iran. An emerging method can be used to measure the quality of carbohydrates, including the carbohydrate quality index (CQI), which includes a variety of components. Low-carbohydrate diet score (LCDS) has been proposed as a new method of scoring micronutrient intake that could provide a reasonable explanation for the link between diet and the risk of chronic diseases. Objective This study aimed to investigate the relationship between CQI, LCDS, glycemic index (GI), glycemic load (GL), insulin load (IL), and insulin index (II) with bone mass density (BMD) in postmenopausal women. Method In this case–control study, 131 postmenopausal women with osteoporosis/osteopenia and 131 healthy postmenopausal women aged 45–65 participated. The dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) method measured the BMD of the lumbar vertebrae and femoral neck. A validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire was used to assess dietary intake. Logistic regression were used to evaluate the relation between GI, GL, II, IL, CQI, and LCDS with BMD. Results Diets with higher GI increased the risk of osteopenia and osteoporosis, but LCDS and CQI decreased the risk of osteopenia and osteoporosis. Conclusion These findings suggest that a higher intake of fruits and vegetables and receiving various dietary vitamins, minerals, and antioxidant compounds may be a useful way to prevent osteopenia in Iranian women. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-10T17:15:47Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0c4a0c680e004efcbde1835bc2374379 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1472-6874 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-10T17:15:47Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Women's Health |
| spelling | doaj.art-0c4a0c680e004efcbde1835bc23743792023-02-05T12:22:38ZengBMCBMC Women's Health1472-68742023-01-012311910.1186/s12905-023-02188-4How do carbohydrate quality indices influence on bone mass density in postmenopausal women? A case–control studyMehran Nouri0Marzieh Mahmoodi1Zainab Shateri2Marzieh Ghadiri3Milad Rajabzadeh-Dehkordi4Mohebat Vali5Bahram Pourghassem Gargari6Health Policy Research Center, Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical SciencesStudent Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical SciencesStudent Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical SciencesStudent Research Committee, Department of Biochemistry and Diet Therapy, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical SciencesStudent Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical SciencesStudent Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical SciencesNutrition Research Center, Department of Biochemistry and Diet Therapy, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical SciencesAbstract Background Carbohydrates are the primary energy source in Asian countries, including Iran. An emerging method can be used to measure the quality of carbohydrates, including the carbohydrate quality index (CQI), which includes a variety of components. Low-carbohydrate diet score (LCDS) has been proposed as a new method of scoring micronutrient intake that could provide a reasonable explanation for the link between diet and the risk of chronic diseases. Objective This study aimed to investigate the relationship between CQI, LCDS, glycemic index (GI), glycemic load (GL), insulin load (IL), and insulin index (II) with bone mass density (BMD) in postmenopausal women. Method In this case–control study, 131 postmenopausal women with osteoporosis/osteopenia and 131 healthy postmenopausal women aged 45–65 participated. The dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) method measured the BMD of the lumbar vertebrae and femoral neck. A validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire was used to assess dietary intake. Logistic regression were used to evaluate the relation between GI, GL, II, IL, CQI, and LCDS with BMD. Results Diets with higher GI increased the risk of osteopenia and osteoporosis, but LCDS and CQI decreased the risk of osteopenia and osteoporosis. Conclusion These findings suggest that a higher intake of fruits and vegetables and receiving various dietary vitamins, minerals, and antioxidant compounds may be a useful way to prevent osteopenia in Iranian women.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12905-023-02188-4Carbohydrate quality indexLow-carbohydrate dietGlycemic indexGlycemic loadInsulin loadInsulin index |
| spellingShingle | Mehran Nouri Marzieh Mahmoodi Zainab Shateri Marzieh Ghadiri Milad Rajabzadeh-Dehkordi Mohebat Vali Bahram Pourghassem Gargari How do carbohydrate quality indices influence on bone mass density in postmenopausal women? A case–control study BMC Women's Health Carbohydrate quality index Low-carbohydrate diet Glycemic index Glycemic load Insulin load Insulin index |
| title | How do carbohydrate quality indices influence on bone mass density in postmenopausal women? A case–control study |
| title_full | How do carbohydrate quality indices influence on bone mass density in postmenopausal women? A case–control study |
| title_fullStr | How do carbohydrate quality indices influence on bone mass density in postmenopausal women? A case–control study |
| title_full_unstemmed | How do carbohydrate quality indices influence on bone mass density in postmenopausal women? A case–control study |
| title_short | How do carbohydrate quality indices influence on bone mass density in postmenopausal women? A case–control study |
| title_sort | how do carbohydrate quality indices influence on bone mass density in postmenopausal women a case control study |
| topic | Carbohydrate quality index Low-carbohydrate diet Glycemic index Glycemic load Insulin load Insulin index |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12905-023-02188-4 |
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