A Novel All-Weather Method to Determine Deflection of the Vertical by Combining 3D Laser Tracking Free-Fall and Multi-GNSS Baselines
The bright stars in the clear night sky with weak background lights should be observed in the traditional deflection of the vertical (DOV) measurement so that the DOV cannot be observed under all-weather conditions, which limits its wide applications. An all-weather DOV measurement method combining...
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MDPI AG
2022-08-01
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| Series: | Remote Sensing |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/17/4156 |
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| author | Xin Jin Xin Liu Jinyun Guo Maosheng Zhou Kezhi Wu |
| author_facet | Xin Jin Xin Liu Jinyun Guo Maosheng Zhou Kezhi Wu |
| author_sort | Xin Jin |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The bright stars in the clear night sky with weak background lights should be observed in the traditional deflection of the vertical (DOV) measurement so that the DOV cannot be observed under all-weather conditions, which limits its wide applications. An all-weather DOV measurement method combining three-dimensional (3D) laser tracking free-fall and multi-GNSS baselines is proposed in this paper. In a vacuum environment, the 3D laser tracking technique is used to continuously track and observe the motion of free-fall with high frequency and precision for obtaining 3D coordinate series. The plumb line vector equation is established to solve the gravity direction vector in the coordinate system of the laser tracker at the measuring point using least squares fitting coordinate series. Multi-GNSS observations are solved for obtaining the precise geodetic cartesian coordinates of the measuring point and GNSS baseline information. A direction transformation method based on the baseline information proposed in this paper is used to convert the gravitational direction vector in the laser tracker coordinate system into the geodetic cartesian coordinate system. The geodetic cartesian coordinates of the measuring point are used to calculate the ellipsoid normal vector, and the angle between this and the gravity direction vector in the geodetic cartesian coordinate system is estimated to obtain the astrogeodetic DOV. The DOV is projected to the meridian and prime vertical planes to obtain the meridian and prime vertical components of the DOV, respectively. The astronomical latitude and longitude of the measuring point are calculated from these two components. The simulation experiments were carried out using the proposed method, and it was found that the theoretical precision of the DOV measured by the method could reach 0.2″, which could realise all-weather observation. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T01:19:39Z |
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| id | doaj.art-0c4efb67449e487b993e5c3c49ef060f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-4292 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T01:19:39Z |
| publishDate | 2022-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Remote Sensing |
| spelling | doaj.art-0c4efb67449e487b993e5c3c49ef060f2023-11-23T14:01:52ZengMDPI AGRemote Sensing2072-42922022-08-011417415610.3390/rs14174156A Novel All-Weather Method to Determine Deflection of the Vertical by Combining 3D Laser Tracking Free-Fall and Multi-GNSS BaselinesXin Jin0Xin Liu1Jinyun Guo2Maosheng Zhou3Kezhi Wu4College of Geodesy and Geomatics, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, ChinaCollege of Geodesy and Geomatics, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, ChinaCollege of Geodesy and Geomatics, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, ChinaInstitute of Oceanographic Instrument, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Qingdao 266100, ChinaCollege of Geodesy and Geomatics, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, ChinaThe bright stars in the clear night sky with weak background lights should be observed in the traditional deflection of the vertical (DOV) measurement so that the DOV cannot be observed under all-weather conditions, which limits its wide applications. An all-weather DOV measurement method combining three-dimensional (3D) laser tracking free-fall and multi-GNSS baselines is proposed in this paper. In a vacuum environment, the 3D laser tracking technique is used to continuously track and observe the motion of free-fall with high frequency and precision for obtaining 3D coordinate series. The plumb line vector equation is established to solve the gravity direction vector in the coordinate system of the laser tracker at the measuring point using least squares fitting coordinate series. Multi-GNSS observations are solved for obtaining the precise geodetic cartesian coordinates of the measuring point and GNSS baseline information. A direction transformation method based on the baseline information proposed in this paper is used to convert the gravitational direction vector in the laser tracker coordinate system into the geodetic cartesian coordinate system. The geodetic cartesian coordinates of the measuring point are used to calculate the ellipsoid normal vector, and the angle between this and the gravity direction vector in the geodetic cartesian coordinate system is estimated to obtain the astrogeodetic DOV. The DOV is projected to the meridian and prime vertical planes to obtain the meridian and prime vertical components of the DOV, respectively. The astronomical latitude and longitude of the measuring point are calculated from these two components. The simulation experiments were carried out using the proposed method, and it was found that the theoretical precision of the DOV measured by the method could reach 0.2″, which could realise all-weather observation.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/17/4156deflection of the verticalfree fall3D laser tracking techniqueGNSS |
| spellingShingle | Xin Jin Xin Liu Jinyun Guo Maosheng Zhou Kezhi Wu A Novel All-Weather Method to Determine Deflection of the Vertical by Combining 3D Laser Tracking Free-Fall and Multi-GNSS Baselines Remote Sensing deflection of the vertical free fall 3D laser tracking technique GNSS |
| title | A Novel All-Weather Method to Determine Deflection of the Vertical by Combining 3D Laser Tracking Free-Fall and Multi-GNSS Baselines |
| title_full | A Novel All-Weather Method to Determine Deflection of the Vertical by Combining 3D Laser Tracking Free-Fall and Multi-GNSS Baselines |
| title_fullStr | A Novel All-Weather Method to Determine Deflection of the Vertical by Combining 3D Laser Tracking Free-Fall and Multi-GNSS Baselines |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Novel All-Weather Method to Determine Deflection of the Vertical by Combining 3D Laser Tracking Free-Fall and Multi-GNSS Baselines |
| title_short | A Novel All-Weather Method to Determine Deflection of the Vertical by Combining 3D Laser Tracking Free-Fall and Multi-GNSS Baselines |
| title_sort | novel all weather method to determine deflection of the vertical by combining 3d laser tracking free fall and multi gnss baselines |
| topic | deflection of the vertical free fall 3D laser tracking technique GNSS |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/17/4156 |
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