Clomiphene Citrate as Nanomedicine Assistance in Ovulatory Disorders and Its Hyphenated Techniques
Nanotechnology has prompted new aspirations for managing modern human challenges. Furthermore, it has been utilized for aid in the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of ovulatory disorders. Women with ovulatory issues may benefit from formulations using nanotechnology as an alternative possible tr...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2023-05-01
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| Series: | Materials Proceedings |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2673-4605/14/1/6 |
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| author | Tejasweeni Girase Javesh Patil Aayushi Tatiya Devyani Patil Mamta Patil |
| author_facet | Tejasweeni Girase Javesh Patil Aayushi Tatiya Devyani Patil Mamta Patil |
| author_sort | Tejasweeni Girase |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Nanotechnology has prompted new aspirations for managing modern human challenges. Furthermore, it has been utilized for aid in the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of ovulatory disorders. Women with ovulatory issues may benefit from formulations using nanotechnology as an alternative possible treatment. Clomiphene citrate is a nonsteroidal, ovulatory stimulant that acts as a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM). It is a triphenyl ethylene stilbene derivative that is primarily used to trigger ovulation in female infertility cases where there is anovulation. Anovulatory infertility is most frequently caused by polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), which is a gynecological endocrine disorder. Elevated serum concentrations of androgens, LH, and insulin are the main features of its endocrine profile. The primary goal of treating PCOS-related infertility is to increase the amount of FSH that is exposed to the ovary, either by antagonizing the estrogenic effects of clomiphene citrate in the hypothalamus or by directly affecting the ovary using recombinant follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). In about 80% of treated individuals, ovulation is recovered by clomiphene citrate. In this review, we discuss the chemistry and pharmacology of clomiphene citrate, as well as the delivery of clomiphene citrate via nanosystems for improving solubility and limiting side-effects. The hyphenated techniques for analyzing and quantifying clomiphene citrate in solvents and biological samples are also overviewed. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T22:29:36Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0c4f567ea4d84abb99ea34a16cf3959f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2673-4605 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T22:29:36Z |
| publishDate | 2023-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Materials Proceedings |
| spelling | doaj.art-0c4f567ea4d84abb99ea34a16cf3959f2023-11-19T11:46:24ZengMDPI AGMaterials Proceedings2673-46052023-05-01141610.3390/IOCN2023-14505Clomiphene Citrate as Nanomedicine Assistance in Ovulatory Disorders and Its Hyphenated TechniquesTejasweeni Girase0Javesh Patil1Aayushi Tatiya2Devyani Patil3Mamta Patil4Department of Quality Assurance, PSG Vidya Prasarak Mandal’s College of Pharmacy, Shahada 425409, IndiaDepartment of Pharmacognosy & Phytochemistry, PSG Vidya Prasarak Mandal’s College of Pharmacy, Shahada 425409, IndiaDepartment of Quality Assurance, PSG Vidya Prasarak Mandal’s College of Pharmacy, Shahada 425409, IndiaDepartment of Quality Assurance, PSG Vidya Prasarak Mandal’s College of Pharmacy, Shahada 425409, IndiaDepartment of Quality Assurance, PSG Vidya Prasarak Mandal’s College of Pharmacy, Shahada 425409, IndiaNanotechnology has prompted new aspirations for managing modern human challenges. Furthermore, it has been utilized for aid in the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of ovulatory disorders. Women with ovulatory issues may benefit from formulations using nanotechnology as an alternative possible treatment. Clomiphene citrate is a nonsteroidal, ovulatory stimulant that acts as a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM). It is a triphenyl ethylene stilbene derivative that is primarily used to trigger ovulation in female infertility cases where there is anovulation. Anovulatory infertility is most frequently caused by polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), which is a gynecological endocrine disorder. Elevated serum concentrations of androgens, LH, and insulin are the main features of its endocrine profile. The primary goal of treating PCOS-related infertility is to increase the amount of FSH that is exposed to the ovary, either by antagonizing the estrogenic effects of clomiphene citrate in the hypothalamus or by directly affecting the ovary using recombinant follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). In about 80% of treated individuals, ovulation is recovered by clomiphene citrate. In this review, we discuss the chemistry and pharmacology of clomiphene citrate, as well as the delivery of clomiphene citrate via nanosystems for improving solubility and limiting side-effects. The hyphenated techniques for analyzing and quantifying clomiphene citrate in solvents and biological samples are also overviewed.https://www.mdpi.com/2673-4605/14/1/6clomiphene citratenanomedicineovulatory disorderPCOShyphenated techniques |
| spellingShingle | Tejasweeni Girase Javesh Patil Aayushi Tatiya Devyani Patil Mamta Patil Clomiphene Citrate as Nanomedicine Assistance in Ovulatory Disorders and Its Hyphenated Techniques Materials Proceedings clomiphene citrate nanomedicine ovulatory disorder PCOS hyphenated techniques |
| title | Clomiphene Citrate as Nanomedicine Assistance in Ovulatory Disorders and Its Hyphenated Techniques |
| title_full | Clomiphene Citrate as Nanomedicine Assistance in Ovulatory Disorders and Its Hyphenated Techniques |
| title_fullStr | Clomiphene Citrate as Nanomedicine Assistance in Ovulatory Disorders and Its Hyphenated Techniques |
| title_full_unstemmed | Clomiphene Citrate as Nanomedicine Assistance in Ovulatory Disorders and Its Hyphenated Techniques |
| title_short | Clomiphene Citrate as Nanomedicine Assistance in Ovulatory Disorders and Its Hyphenated Techniques |
| title_sort | clomiphene citrate as nanomedicine assistance in ovulatory disorders and its hyphenated techniques |
| topic | clomiphene citrate nanomedicine ovulatory disorder PCOS hyphenated techniques |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2673-4605/14/1/6 |
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