Prevalence of Complications and Clinical Audit of Management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Prospective Hospital Based Study
Introduction: Management of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) needs multi factorial risk reduction strategies like weight reduction, blood pressure (BP) control and lipid profile regulation, along with glycaemic control. These strategies should be implemented very early in the course of the disease...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
JCDR Research and Publications Private Limited
2015-11-01
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| Series: | Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://jcdr.net/articles/PDF/6848/15369_F(Sh)_PF1(VSUAK)_PFA(AK)_PF2(PAG).pdf |
| Summary: | Introduction: Management of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) needs
multi factorial risk reduction strategies like weight reduction,
blood pressure (BP) control and lipid profile regulation, along with
glycaemic control. These strategies should be implemented very
early in the course of the disease to prevent both microvascular
and macro vascular complications.
Aim: To find out the prevalence of diabetic complications and to
audit the management of glycaemia, blood pressure and serum
lipids in the outpatient diabetes clinic in a hospital located in
Western U.P.
Materials and Methods: A prospective study conducted in a
tertiary referral teaching hospital, on 105 patients with type 2
diabetes mellitus (mean age 52.84 ± 1.02 years) who attended the
diabetic clinic during June 2014 to April 2015, who had undergone
screening for complications. Main outcome measures: Weight,
height, body mass index (BMI), blood pressure, fasting and post
prandial blood sugars, glycated hemoglobin, serum lipids and
presence of diabetic microvascular as well as macrovascular
complications. Mean of various clinical and biochemical parameters
were compared in patients with and without complications.
Results: The mean age of patients was estimated as 52.84 ± 1.02
years. Fifty six percent of patients were males. Average BMI was
28.61 ± 0.28 kg/m2
. Most of them had abdominal obesity. The
average duration of diabetes was 8.39 ± 0.6 years. The average
of systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP),
HbA1C, FBS, PPBS, LDL, HDL and triglyceride were estimated
as 129.1 ± 1.49 mm Hg, 84.85 ± 0.94 mm Hg, 6.99 ± 0.08%,
141.33 ± 2.12 mg/dl, 214.51 ± 3.11 mg/dl, 155.66 ± 2.07 mg /dl,
40.07 ± 0.38 mg/dl, 236.53 ± 3.31 mg/dl respectively based on
105 patients. Amongst micro vascular complications; retinopathy,
neuropathy and nephropathy were documented in 51.4, 77.14
and 30.47% diabetes patients respectively. The prevalence of
coronary artery disease, stroke and gangrene were 42.85, 12.38
and 3.80% respectively.
Conclusion: The prevalence and risk of the complications of
type 2 DM significantly increased with age of patients, duration
of diabetes, fasting blood sugar and LDL levels. The awareness
regarding monitoring of target BP and lipid profile is needed
beyond the glycaemic control, amongst patients and health care
providers. |
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| ISSN: | 2249-782X 0973-709X |