Tocotrienol in Pre-Eclampsia Prevention: A Mechanistic Analysis in Relation to the Pathophysiological Framework
The pathophysiology of pre-eclampsia involves two major pathways, namely systemic oxidative stress and subsequent generalised inflammatory response, which eventually culminates in endothelial cell injury and the syndrome of pre-eclampsia with multi-organ dysfunction. Aspirin has been used to reduce...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-02-01
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| Series: | Cells |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/11/4/614 |
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| author | Zaleha Abdullah Mahdy Kok-Yong Chin Nik Lah Nik-Ahmad-Zuky Aida Kalok Rahana Abdul Rahman |
| author_facet | Zaleha Abdullah Mahdy Kok-Yong Chin Nik Lah Nik-Ahmad-Zuky Aida Kalok Rahana Abdul Rahman |
| author_sort | Zaleha Abdullah Mahdy |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The pathophysiology of pre-eclampsia involves two major pathways, namely systemic oxidative stress and subsequent generalised inflammatory response, which eventually culminates in endothelial cell injury and the syndrome of pre-eclampsia with multi-organ dysfunction. Aspirin has been used to reduce the risk of pre-eclampsia, but it only possesses anti-inflammatory properties without any antioxidant effect. Hence, it can only partially alleviate the problem. Tocotrienols are a unique form of vitamin E with strong antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties that can be exploited as a preventive agent for pre-eclampsia. Many preclinical models showed that tocotrienol can also prevent hypertension and ischaemic/reperfusion injury, which are the two main features in pre-eclampsia. This review explores the mechanism of action of tocotrienol in relation to the pathophysiology of pre-eclampsia. In conclusion, the study provides sufficient justification for the establishment of a large clinical trial to thoroughly assess the capability of tocotrienol in preventing pre-eclampsia. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T22:20:49Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0c7d65c4490c43b3bf41caf09c944925 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4409 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T22:20:49Z |
| publishDate | 2022-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cells |
| spelling | doaj.art-0c7d65c4490c43b3bf41caf09c9449252023-11-23T19:14:08ZengMDPI AGCells2073-44092022-02-0111461410.3390/cells11040614Tocotrienol in Pre-Eclampsia Prevention: A Mechanistic Analysis in Relation to the Pathophysiological FrameworkZaleha Abdullah Mahdy0Kok-Yong Chin1Nik Lah Nik-Ahmad-Zuky2Aida Kalok3Rahana Abdul Rahman4Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, MalaysiaDepartment of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, MalaysiaDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, MalaysiaDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, MalaysiaDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, MalaysiaThe pathophysiology of pre-eclampsia involves two major pathways, namely systemic oxidative stress and subsequent generalised inflammatory response, which eventually culminates in endothelial cell injury and the syndrome of pre-eclampsia with multi-organ dysfunction. Aspirin has been used to reduce the risk of pre-eclampsia, but it only possesses anti-inflammatory properties without any antioxidant effect. Hence, it can only partially alleviate the problem. Tocotrienols are a unique form of vitamin E with strong antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties that can be exploited as a preventive agent for pre-eclampsia. Many preclinical models showed that tocotrienol can also prevent hypertension and ischaemic/reperfusion injury, which are the two main features in pre-eclampsia. This review explores the mechanism of action of tocotrienol in relation to the pathophysiology of pre-eclampsia. In conclusion, the study provides sufficient justification for the establishment of a large clinical trial to thoroughly assess the capability of tocotrienol in preventing pre-eclampsia.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/11/4/614anti-inflammationantioxidanthypertensionischaemiavitamin E |
| spellingShingle | Zaleha Abdullah Mahdy Kok-Yong Chin Nik Lah Nik-Ahmad-Zuky Aida Kalok Rahana Abdul Rahman Tocotrienol in Pre-Eclampsia Prevention: A Mechanistic Analysis in Relation to the Pathophysiological Framework Cells anti-inflammation antioxidant hypertension ischaemia vitamin E |
| title | Tocotrienol in Pre-Eclampsia Prevention: A Mechanistic Analysis in Relation to the Pathophysiological Framework |
| title_full | Tocotrienol in Pre-Eclampsia Prevention: A Mechanistic Analysis in Relation to the Pathophysiological Framework |
| title_fullStr | Tocotrienol in Pre-Eclampsia Prevention: A Mechanistic Analysis in Relation to the Pathophysiological Framework |
| title_full_unstemmed | Tocotrienol in Pre-Eclampsia Prevention: A Mechanistic Analysis in Relation to the Pathophysiological Framework |
| title_short | Tocotrienol in Pre-Eclampsia Prevention: A Mechanistic Analysis in Relation to the Pathophysiological Framework |
| title_sort | tocotrienol in pre eclampsia prevention a mechanistic analysis in relation to the pathophysiological framework |
| topic | anti-inflammation antioxidant hypertension ischaemia vitamin E |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/11/4/614 |
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