Electrochemical Digitization of Biological Fluids Samples
Digital medicine based on the integration of all medical data from a particular patient has become a reality today, thanks to information technology. Traditional medical examinations can be supplemented by assessment results of the oxidative-anti-oxidative (OAO) status of the body. Electrochemical s...
| Main Author: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2022-10-01
|
| Series: | Electrochem |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2673-3293/3/4/43 |
| _version_ | 1797460164386750464 |
|---|---|
| author | Sergey V. Sokolkov |
| author_facet | Sergey V. Sokolkov |
| author_sort | Sergey V. Sokolkov |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Digital medicine based on the integration of all medical data from a particular patient has become a reality today, thanks to information technology. Traditional medical examinations can be supplemented by assessment results of the oxidative-anti-oxidative (OAO) status of the body. Electrochemical sensors are able to not only determine the integral indicators of the OAO system of the body but also to depict details of the processes occurring in the system. The main obstacle to the widespread use of electrochemical sensors in medical diagnostics is the extremely small amount of received information in comparison to the tens of thousands of known human diseases. The problem can be eliminated only by rethinking the purpose of electrochemical measurement within the framework of thermodynamics of information processes and information theory. In the information paradigm of electrochemical analysis of biological fluids, a sample is considered an electrochemical message created by a sensor. The purpose of electrochemical measurement is to obtain information in a volume sufficient to identify the sample composition within the range of possible concentrations of its components. The fundamentals of the thermodynamics of information processes are considered and conclusions that are of practical importance for the development of electrochemical sensors and analyzers are derived. It is shown that the potentiostatic control of the sensor is physically impacted by the electromechanical instability of the electrical double layer, which is the main source of sensor signal noise. Estimates of a minimum amount of analytical signal information required for the identification of a sample of known composition, such as a biological fluid, are provided. Examples of highly informative analytical signals for flowing and stationary samples are presented. Problems related to the visualization of such signals are noted. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T17:01:13Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0c8b1ab94ab14579b5cec0ff03ffa090 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2673-3293 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T17:01:13Z |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Electrochem |
| spelling | doaj.art-0c8b1ab94ab14579b5cec0ff03ffa0902023-11-24T14:29:13ZengMDPI AGElectrochem2673-32932022-10-013465366710.3390/electrochem3040043Electrochemical Digitization of Biological Fluids SamplesSergey V. Sokolkov0Independent Researcher, Vasilieva Str. 3, 15, 459770 Snehinsk, RussiaDigital medicine based on the integration of all medical data from a particular patient has become a reality today, thanks to information technology. Traditional medical examinations can be supplemented by assessment results of the oxidative-anti-oxidative (OAO) status of the body. Electrochemical sensors are able to not only determine the integral indicators of the OAO system of the body but also to depict details of the processes occurring in the system. The main obstacle to the widespread use of electrochemical sensors in medical diagnostics is the extremely small amount of received information in comparison to the tens of thousands of known human diseases. The problem can be eliminated only by rethinking the purpose of electrochemical measurement within the framework of thermodynamics of information processes and information theory. In the information paradigm of electrochemical analysis of biological fluids, a sample is considered an electrochemical message created by a sensor. The purpose of electrochemical measurement is to obtain information in a volume sufficient to identify the sample composition within the range of possible concentrations of its components. The fundamentals of the thermodynamics of information processes are considered and conclusions that are of practical importance for the development of electrochemical sensors and analyzers are derived. It is shown that the potentiostatic control of the sensor is physically impacted by the electromechanical instability of the electrical double layer, which is the main source of sensor signal noise. Estimates of a minimum amount of analytical signal information required for the identification of a sample of known composition, such as a biological fluid, are provided. Examples of highly informative analytical signals for flowing and stationary samples are presented. Problems related to the visualization of such signals are noted.https://www.mdpi.com/2673-3293/3/4/43electrochemistryanalytical signalnoisetrendsidentificationclassification |
| spellingShingle | Sergey V. Sokolkov Electrochemical Digitization of Biological Fluids Samples Electrochem electrochemistry analytical signal noise trends identification classification |
| title | Electrochemical Digitization of Biological Fluids Samples |
| title_full | Electrochemical Digitization of Biological Fluids Samples |
| title_fullStr | Electrochemical Digitization of Biological Fluids Samples |
| title_full_unstemmed | Electrochemical Digitization of Biological Fluids Samples |
| title_short | Electrochemical Digitization of Biological Fluids Samples |
| title_sort | electrochemical digitization of biological fluids samples |
| topic | electrochemistry analytical signal noise trends identification classification |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2673-3293/3/4/43 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT sergeyvsokolkov electrochemicaldigitizationofbiologicalfluidssamples |