Positioning Evaluation of Single and Dual-Frequency Low-Cost GNSS Receivers Signals Using PPP and Static Relative Methods in Urban Areas
A positional accuracy obtained by the Precise Point Positioning and static relative methods was compared and analyzed. Test data was collected using low-cost GNSS receivers of single- and dual-frequency in urban areas. The data was analyzed for quality using the TEQC program to determine the degree...
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MDPI AG
2021-11-01
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| Series: | Applied Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/22/10642 |
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| author | Rosendo Romero-Andrade Manuel E. Trejo-Soto Alejandro Vega-Ayala Daniel Hernández-Andrade Jesús R. Vázquez-Ontiveros Gopal Sharma |
| author_facet | Rosendo Romero-Andrade Manuel E. Trejo-Soto Alejandro Vega-Ayala Daniel Hernández-Andrade Jesús R. Vázquez-Ontiveros Gopal Sharma |
| author_sort | Rosendo Romero-Andrade |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | A positional accuracy obtained by the Precise Point Positioning and static relative methods was compared and analyzed. Test data was collected using low-cost GNSS receivers of single- and dual-frequency in urban areas. The data was analyzed for quality using the TEQC program to determine the degree of affectation of the signal in the urban area. Low-cost GNSS receivers were found to be sensitive to the multipath effect, which impacts positioning. The horizontal and vertical accuracy was evaluated with respect to Mexican regulations for the GNSS establishment criteria. Probable Error Circle (CEP) and Vertical Positioning Accuracy (EPV) were performed on low cost GNSS receiver observation data. The results show that low-cost dual-frequency GNSS receivers can be used in urban areas. The precision was obtained in the order of 0.013 m in the static relative method. The results obtained are comparable to a geodetic receiver in a geodetic baseline of <20 km. The study does not recommend using single and dual frequencies low cost GNSS receivers based on results obtained by the Precise Point Positioning (PPP) method in urban areas. The inclusion of the GGM10 model reduces the vertical precision obtained by using low cost GNSS receivers in both methods, conforming to the regulations only in the horizontal component. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T05:43:49Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0c993d2c3e164bc998072bab443522ae |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3417 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T05:43:49Z |
| publishDate | 2021-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Applied Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-0c993d2c3e164bc998072bab443522ae2023-11-22T22:16:42ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172021-11-0111221064210.3390/app112210642Positioning Evaluation of Single and Dual-Frequency Low-Cost GNSS Receivers Signals Using PPP and Static Relative Methods in Urban AreasRosendo Romero-Andrade0Manuel E. Trejo-Soto1Alejandro Vega-Ayala2Daniel Hernández-Andrade3Jesús R. Vázquez-Ontiveros4Gopal Sharma5 Faculty of Earth and Space Sciences, Autonomous University of Sinaloa, Culiacán 80040, Mexico Faculty of Earth and Space Sciences, Autonomous University of Sinaloa, Culiacán 80040, Mexico Faculty of Earth and Space Sciences, Autonomous University of Sinaloa, Culiacán 80040, Mexico Faculty of Earth and Space Sciences, Autonomous University of Sinaloa, Culiacán 80040, Mexico Faculty of Earth and Space Sciences, Autonomous University of Sinaloa, Culiacán 80040, Mexico North Eastern Space Applications Centre, Umiam 793103, IndiaA positional accuracy obtained by the Precise Point Positioning and static relative methods was compared and analyzed. Test data was collected using low-cost GNSS receivers of single- and dual-frequency in urban areas. The data was analyzed for quality using the TEQC program to determine the degree of affectation of the signal in the urban area. Low-cost GNSS receivers were found to be sensitive to the multipath effect, which impacts positioning. The horizontal and vertical accuracy was evaluated with respect to Mexican regulations for the GNSS establishment criteria. Probable Error Circle (CEP) and Vertical Positioning Accuracy (EPV) were performed on low cost GNSS receiver observation data. The results show that low-cost dual-frequency GNSS receivers can be used in urban areas. The precision was obtained in the order of 0.013 m in the static relative method. The results obtained are comparable to a geodetic receiver in a geodetic baseline of <20 km. The study does not recommend using single and dual frequencies low cost GNSS receivers based on results obtained by the Precise Point Positioning (PPP) method in urban areas. The inclusion of the GGM10 model reduces the vertical precision obtained by using low cost GNSS receivers in both methods, conforming to the regulations only in the horizontal component.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/22/10642Precise Point Positioningstatic relativeurban areasGNSSlow-cost receivers |
| spellingShingle | Rosendo Romero-Andrade Manuel E. Trejo-Soto Alejandro Vega-Ayala Daniel Hernández-Andrade Jesús R. Vázquez-Ontiveros Gopal Sharma Positioning Evaluation of Single and Dual-Frequency Low-Cost GNSS Receivers Signals Using PPP and Static Relative Methods in Urban Areas Applied Sciences Precise Point Positioning static relative urban areas GNSS low-cost receivers |
| title | Positioning Evaluation of Single and Dual-Frequency Low-Cost GNSS Receivers Signals Using PPP and Static Relative Methods in Urban Areas |
| title_full | Positioning Evaluation of Single and Dual-Frequency Low-Cost GNSS Receivers Signals Using PPP and Static Relative Methods in Urban Areas |
| title_fullStr | Positioning Evaluation of Single and Dual-Frequency Low-Cost GNSS Receivers Signals Using PPP and Static Relative Methods in Urban Areas |
| title_full_unstemmed | Positioning Evaluation of Single and Dual-Frequency Low-Cost GNSS Receivers Signals Using PPP and Static Relative Methods in Urban Areas |
| title_short | Positioning Evaluation of Single and Dual-Frequency Low-Cost GNSS Receivers Signals Using PPP and Static Relative Methods in Urban Areas |
| title_sort | positioning evaluation of single and dual frequency low cost gnss receivers signals using ppp and static relative methods in urban areas |
| topic | Precise Point Positioning static relative urban areas GNSS low-cost receivers |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/22/10642 |
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