Steroidal alkaloid biosynthesis is coordinately regulated and differs among tomatoes in the red‐fruited clade
Abstract The tomato (Solanum spp.) clade of Solanaceae features a unique assortment of cholesterol‐derived steroidal alkaloids. However, little quantitative data exists reporting the profile and concentration of these alkaloids across diverse fruit germplasm. To address the lack of knowledge regardi...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2022-06-01
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| Series: | The Plant Genome |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1002/tpg2.20192 |
| _version_ | 1818470246651002880 |
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| author | Michael P. Dzakovich David M. Francis Jessica L. Cooperstone |
| author_facet | Michael P. Dzakovich David M. Francis Jessica L. Cooperstone |
| author_sort | Michael P. Dzakovich |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract The tomato (Solanum spp.) clade of Solanaceae features a unique assortment of cholesterol‐derived steroidal alkaloids. However, little quantitative data exists reporting the profile and concentration of these alkaloids across diverse fruit germplasm. To address the lack of knowledge regarding the chemical diversity, concentration, and genetic architecture controlling tomato steroidal alkaloids, we quantitatively profiled and genotyped two tomato populations representing diversity in the red‐fruited clade. We grew 107 genetically diverse fresh market, processing, landrace, and wild tomato in multiple environments. Nine steroidal alkaloid groups were quantified using ultra‐high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. The diversity panel and a biparental population segregating for high alpha‐tomatine were genotyped to identify and validate quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with steroidal alkaloids. Landraces and wild material exhibited higher alkaloid concentrations and more chemical diversity. Average total content of steroidal alkaloids, often dominated by lycoperoside F/G/esculeoside A, ranged from 1.9 to 23.3 mg 100 g−1 fresh wt. across accessions. Landrace and wild cherry accessions distinctly clustered based on elevated concentrations of early or late‐pathway steroidal alkaloids. Significant correlations were observed among alkaloids from the early and late parts of the biosynthetic pathway in a species‐dependent manner. A QTL controlling multiple, early steroidal alkaloid pathway intermediates on chromosome 3 was identified by genome‐wide association studies (GWAS) and validated in a backcross population. Overall, tomato steroidal alkaloids are diverse in the red‐fruited clade and their biosynthesis is regulated in a coordinated manner. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T21:34:56Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0ca1b1d518ed425982f051c99b87de63 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1940-3372 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T21:34:56Z |
| publishDate | 2022-06-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | The Plant Genome |
| spelling | doaj.art-0ca1b1d518ed425982f051c99b87de632022-12-22T02:29:00ZengWileyThe Plant Genome1940-33722022-06-01152n/an/a10.1002/tpg2.20192Steroidal alkaloid biosynthesis is coordinately regulated and differs among tomatoes in the red‐fruited cladeMichael P. Dzakovich0David M. Francis1Jessica L. Cooperstone2Dep. of Horticulture and Crop Science The Ohio State Univ. 2001 Fyffe Court Columbus OH 43210 USADep. of Horticulture and Crop Science The Ohio State Univ./Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center 1680 Madison Ave. Wooster OH 44691 USADep. of Horticulture and Crop Science The Ohio State Univ. 2001 Fyffe Court Columbus OH 43210 USAAbstract The tomato (Solanum spp.) clade of Solanaceae features a unique assortment of cholesterol‐derived steroidal alkaloids. However, little quantitative data exists reporting the profile and concentration of these alkaloids across diverse fruit germplasm. To address the lack of knowledge regarding the chemical diversity, concentration, and genetic architecture controlling tomato steroidal alkaloids, we quantitatively profiled and genotyped two tomato populations representing diversity in the red‐fruited clade. We grew 107 genetically diverse fresh market, processing, landrace, and wild tomato in multiple environments. Nine steroidal alkaloid groups were quantified using ultra‐high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. The diversity panel and a biparental population segregating for high alpha‐tomatine were genotyped to identify and validate quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with steroidal alkaloids. Landraces and wild material exhibited higher alkaloid concentrations and more chemical diversity. Average total content of steroidal alkaloids, often dominated by lycoperoside F/G/esculeoside A, ranged from 1.9 to 23.3 mg 100 g−1 fresh wt. across accessions. Landrace and wild cherry accessions distinctly clustered based on elevated concentrations of early or late‐pathway steroidal alkaloids. Significant correlations were observed among alkaloids from the early and late parts of the biosynthetic pathway in a species‐dependent manner. A QTL controlling multiple, early steroidal alkaloid pathway intermediates on chromosome 3 was identified by genome‐wide association studies (GWAS) and validated in a backcross population. Overall, tomato steroidal alkaloids are diverse in the red‐fruited clade and their biosynthesis is regulated in a coordinated manner.https://doi.org/10.1002/tpg2.20192 |
| spellingShingle | Michael P. Dzakovich David M. Francis Jessica L. Cooperstone Steroidal alkaloid biosynthesis is coordinately regulated and differs among tomatoes in the red‐fruited clade The Plant Genome |
| title | Steroidal alkaloid biosynthesis is coordinately regulated and differs among tomatoes in the red‐fruited clade |
| title_full | Steroidal alkaloid biosynthesis is coordinately regulated and differs among tomatoes in the red‐fruited clade |
| title_fullStr | Steroidal alkaloid biosynthesis is coordinately regulated and differs among tomatoes in the red‐fruited clade |
| title_full_unstemmed | Steroidal alkaloid biosynthesis is coordinately regulated and differs among tomatoes in the red‐fruited clade |
| title_short | Steroidal alkaloid biosynthesis is coordinately regulated and differs among tomatoes in the red‐fruited clade |
| title_sort | steroidal alkaloid biosynthesis is coordinately regulated and differs among tomatoes in the red fruited clade |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1002/tpg2.20192 |
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