Antiviral Effect of Manganese against Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Both in PK15 Cells and Mice
Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is an acute contagious disease of cloven-hoofed animals such as cattle, pigs, and sheep. Current emergency FMD vaccines are of limited use for early protection because their protective effect starts 7 days after vaccination. Therefore, antiviral drugs or additives are us...
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MDPI AG
2023-01-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/15/2/390 |
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| author | Zhixiong Zhang Rui Zhang Juanbin Yin Shuaiyang Zhao Xiaodong Qin Fei Chen Yang Yang Ling Bai Zijing Guo Yongshu Wu Yanmin Li Zhidong Zhang |
| author_facet | Zhixiong Zhang Rui Zhang Juanbin Yin Shuaiyang Zhao Xiaodong Qin Fei Chen Yang Yang Ling Bai Zijing Guo Yongshu Wu Yanmin Li Zhidong Zhang |
| author_sort | Zhixiong Zhang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is an acute contagious disease of cloven-hoofed animals such as cattle, pigs, and sheep. Current emergency FMD vaccines are of limited use for early protection because their protective effect starts 7 days after vaccination. Therefore, antiviral drugs or additives are used to rapidly stop the spread of the virus during FMD outbreaks. Manganese (Mn<sup>2+</sup>) was recently found to be an important substance necessary for the host to protect against DNA viruses. However, its antiviral effect against RNA viruses remains unknown. In this study, we found that Mn<sup>2+</sup> has antiviral effects on the FMD virus (FMDV) both in PK15 cells and mice. The inhibitory effect of Mn<sup>2+</sup> on FMDV involves NF-κB activation and up-regulation of interferon-stimulated genes. Animal experiments showed that Mn<sup>2+</sup> can be highly effective in protecting C57BL/6N mice from being infected with FMDV. Overall, we suggest Mn<sup>2+</sup> as an effective antiviral additive for controlling FMDV infection. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T08:00:20Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0caf7d2132034b44a1ca7e0bc5f2b7eb |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1999-4915 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T08:00:20Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Viruses |
| spelling | doaj.art-0caf7d2132034b44a1ca7e0bc5f2b7eb2023-11-16T23:48:22ZengMDPI AGViruses1999-49152023-01-0115239010.3390/v15020390Antiviral Effect of Manganese against Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Both in PK15 Cells and MiceZhixiong Zhang0Rui Zhang1Juanbin Yin2Shuaiyang Zhao3Xiaodong Qin4Fei Chen5Yang Yang6Ling Bai7Zijing Guo8Yongshu Wu9Yanmin Li10Zhidong Zhang11State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, NO1 Xujiaping, Yanchangbu, Lanzhou 730046, ChinaCollege of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, NO1 Xujiaping, Yanchangbu, Lanzhou 730046, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, NO1 Xujiaping, Yanchangbu, Lanzhou 730046, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, NO1 Xujiaping, Yanchangbu, Lanzhou 730046, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, NO1 Xujiaping, Yanchangbu, Lanzhou 730046, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, NO1 Xujiaping, Yanchangbu, Lanzhou 730046, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, NO1 Xujiaping, Yanchangbu, Lanzhou 730046, ChinaCollege of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, NO1 Xujiaping, Yanchangbu, Lanzhou 730046, ChinaCollege of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, ChinaCollege of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, ChinaFoot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is an acute contagious disease of cloven-hoofed animals such as cattle, pigs, and sheep. Current emergency FMD vaccines are of limited use for early protection because their protective effect starts 7 days after vaccination. Therefore, antiviral drugs or additives are used to rapidly stop the spread of the virus during FMD outbreaks. Manganese (Mn<sup>2+</sup>) was recently found to be an important substance necessary for the host to protect against DNA viruses. However, its antiviral effect against RNA viruses remains unknown. In this study, we found that Mn<sup>2+</sup> has antiviral effects on the FMD virus (FMDV) both in PK15 cells and mice. The inhibitory effect of Mn<sup>2+</sup> on FMDV involves NF-κB activation and up-regulation of interferon-stimulated genes. Animal experiments showed that Mn<sup>2+</sup> can be highly effective in protecting C57BL/6N mice from being infected with FMDV. Overall, we suggest Mn<sup>2+</sup> as an effective antiviral additive for controlling FMDV infection.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/15/2/390foot-and-mouth disease virusMn<sup>2+</sup>antiviral effectcytokines |
| spellingShingle | Zhixiong Zhang Rui Zhang Juanbin Yin Shuaiyang Zhao Xiaodong Qin Fei Chen Yang Yang Ling Bai Zijing Guo Yongshu Wu Yanmin Li Zhidong Zhang Antiviral Effect of Manganese against Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Both in PK15 Cells and Mice Viruses foot-and-mouth disease virus Mn<sup>2+</sup> antiviral effect cytokines |
| title | Antiviral Effect of Manganese against Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Both in PK15 Cells and Mice |
| title_full | Antiviral Effect of Manganese against Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Both in PK15 Cells and Mice |
| title_fullStr | Antiviral Effect of Manganese against Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Both in PK15 Cells and Mice |
| title_full_unstemmed | Antiviral Effect of Manganese against Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Both in PK15 Cells and Mice |
| title_short | Antiviral Effect of Manganese against Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Both in PK15 Cells and Mice |
| title_sort | antiviral effect of manganese against foot and mouth disease virus both in pk15 cells and mice |
| topic | foot-and-mouth disease virus Mn<sup>2+</sup> antiviral effect cytokines |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/15/2/390 |
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