Acclimation to a High‐Salt Diet Is Sex Dependent
Background Premenopausal women are less likely to develop hypertension and salt‐related complications than are men, yet the impact of sex on mechanisms regulating Na+ homeostasis during dietary salt challenges is poorly defined. Here, we determined whether female rats have a more efficient capacity...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Wiley
2022-03-01
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| Series: | Journal of the American Heart Association: Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/JAHA.120.020450 |
| _version_ | 1797786337415266304 |
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| author | Eman Y. Gohar Carmen De Miguel Ijeoma E. Obi Elizabeth M. Daugherty Kelly A. Hyndman Bryan K. Becker Chunhua Jin Randee Sedaka Jermaine G. Johnston Pengyuan Liu Joshua S. Speed Tanecia Mitchell Alison J. Kriegel Jennifer S. Pollock David M. Pollock |
| author_facet | Eman Y. Gohar Carmen De Miguel Ijeoma E. Obi Elizabeth M. Daugherty Kelly A. Hyndman Bryan K. Becker Chunhua Jin Randee Sedaka Jermaine G. Johnston Pengyuan Liu Joshua S. Speed Tanecia Mitchell Alison J. Kriegel Jennifer S. Pollock David M. Pollock |
| author_sort | Eman Y. Gohar |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background Premenopausal women are less likely to develop hypertension and salt‐related complications than are men, yet the impact of sex on mechanisms regulating Na+ homeostasis during dietary salt challenges is poorly defined. Here, we determined whether female rats have a more efficient capacity to acclimate to increased dietary salt intake challenge. Methods and Results Age‐matched male and female Sprague Dawley rats maintained on a normal‐salt (NS) diet (0.49% NaCl) were challenged with a 5‐day high‐salt diet (4.0% NaCl). We assessed serum, urinary, skin, and muscle electrolytes; total body water; and kidney Na+ transporters during the NS and high‐salt diet phases. During the 5‐day high‐salt challenge, natriuresis increased more rapidly in females, whereas serum Na+ and body water concentration increased only in males. To determine if females are primed to handle changes in dietary salt, we asked the question whether the renal endothelin‐1 natriuretic system is more active in female rats, compared with males. During the NS diet, female rats had a higher urinary endothelin‐1 excretion rate than males. Moreover, Ingenuity Pathway Analysis of RNA sequencing data identified the enrichment of endothelin signaling pathway transcripts in the inner medulla of kidneys from NS‐fed female rats compared with male counterparts. Notably, in human subjects who consumed an Na+‐controlled diet (3314–3668 mg/day) for 3 days, women had a higher urinary endothelin‐1 excretion rate than men, consistent with our findings in NS‐fed rats. Conclusions These results suggest that female sex confers a greater ability to maintain Na+ homeostasis during acclimation to dietary Na+ challenges and indicate that the intrarenal endothelin‐1 natriuretic pathway is enhanced in women. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-13T01:07:29Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0cb3e71087914936a984fb5185dc2cdf |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2047-9980 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-13T01:07:29Z |
| publishDate | 2022-03-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of the American Heart Association: Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease |
| spelling | doaj.art-0cb3e71087914936a984fb5185dc2cdf2023-07-06T05:53:20ZengWileyJournal of the American Heart Association: Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease2047-99802022-03-0111510.1161/JAHA.120.020450Acclimation to a High‐Salt Diet Is Sex DependentEman Y. Gohar0Carmen De Miguel1Ijeoma E. Obi2Elizabeth M. Daugherty3Kelly A. Hyndman4Bryan K. Becker5Chunhua Jin6Randee Sedaka7Jermaine G. Johnston8Pengyuan Liu9Joshua S. Speed10Tanecia Mitchell11Alison J. Kriegel12Jennifer S. Pollock13David M. Pollock14Section of Cardio‐Renal Physiology & Medicine Division of Nephrology Department of Medicine University of Alabama at Birmingham ALSection of Cardio‐Renal Physiology & Medicine Division of Nephrology Department of Medicine University of Alabama at Birmingham ALSection of Cardio‐Renal Physiology & Medicine Division of Nephrology Department of Medicine University of Alabama at Birmingham ALSection of Cardio‐Renal Physiology & Medicine Division of Nephrology Department of Medicine University of Alabama at Birmingham ALSection of Cardio‐Renal Physiology & Medicine Division of Nephrology Department of Medicine University of Alabama at Birmingham ALSection of Cardio‐Renal Physiology & Medicine Division of Nephrology Department of Medicine University of Alabama at Birmingham ALSection of Cardio‐Renal Physiology & Medicine Division of Nephrology Department of Medicine University of Alabama at Birmingham ALSection of Cardio‐Renal Physiology & Medicine Division of Nephrology Department of Medicine University of Alabama at Birmingham ALSection of Cardio‐Renal Physiology & Medicine Division of Nephrology Department of Medicine University of Alabama at Birmingham ALDepartment of Physiology Medical College of Wisconsin Milwaukee WIDepartment of Physiology University of Mississippi Medical Center Jackson MSDepartment of Urology University of Alabama at Birmingham ALDepartment of Physiology Medical College of Wisconsin Milwaukee WISection of Cardio‐Renal Physiology & Medicine Division of Nephrology Department of Medicine University of Alabama at Birmingham ALSection of Cardio‐Renal Physiology & Medicine Division of Nephrology Department of Medicine University of Alabama at Birmingham ALBackground Premenopausal women are less likely to develop hypertension and salt‐related complications than are men, yet the impact of sex on mechanisms regulating Na+ homeostasis during dietary salt challenges is poorly defined. Here, we determined whether female rats have a more efficient capacity to acclimate to increased dietary salt intake challenge. Methods and Results Age‐matched male and female Sprague Dawley rats maintained on a normal‐salt (NS) diet (0.49% NaCl) were challenged with a 5‐day high‐salt diet (4.0% NaCl). We assessed serum, urinary, skin, and muscle electrolytes; total body water; and kidney Na+ transporters during the NS and high‐salt diet phases. During the 5‐day high‐salt challenge, natriuresis increased more rapidly in females, whereas serum Na+ and body water concentration increased only in males. To determine if females are primed to handle changes in dietary salt, we asked the question whether the renal endothelin‐1 natriuretic system is more active in female rats, compared with males. During the NS diet, female rats had a higher urinary endothelin‐1 excretion rate than males. Moreover, Ingenuity Pathway Analysis of RNA sequencing data identified the enrichment of endothelin signaling pathway transcripts in the inner medulla of kidneys from NS‐fed female rats compared with male counterparts. Notably, in human subjects who consumed an Na+‐controlled diet (3314–3668 mg/day) for 3 days, women had a higher urinary endothelin‐1 excretion rate than men, consistent with our findings in NS‐fed rats. Conclusions These results suggest that female sex confers a greater ability to maintain Na+ homeostasis during acclimation to dietary Na+ challenges and indicate that the intrarenal endothelin‐1 natriuretic pathway is enhanced in women.https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/JAHA.120.020450endothelin‐1natriuresisnitric oxidesex differencessodium |
| spellingShingle | Eman Y. Gohar Carmen De Miguel Ijeoma E. Obi Elizabeth M. Daugherty Kelly A. Hyndman Bryan K. Becker Chunhua Jin Randee Sedaka Jermaine G. Johnston Pengyuan Liu Joshua S. Speed Tanecia Mitchell Alison J. Kriegel Jennifer S. Pollock David M. Pollock Acclimation to a High‐Salt Diet Is Sex Dependent Journal of the American Heart Association: Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease endothelin‐1 natriuresis nitric oxide sex differences sodium |
| title | Acclimation to a High‐Salt Diet Is Sex Dependent |
| title_full | Acclimation to a High‐Salt Diet Is Sex Dependent |
| title_fullStr | Acclimation to a High‐Salt Diet Is Sex Dependent |
| title_full_unstemmed | Acclimation to a High‐Salt Diet Is Sex Dependent |
| title_short | Acclimation to a High‐Salt Diet Is Sex Dependent |
| title_sort | acclimation to a high salt diet is sex dependent |
| topic | endothelin‐1 natriuresis nitric oxide sex differences sodium |
| url | https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/JAHA.120.020450 |
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