Time series analysis of the relationship between diarrhea in children and Rota 2 vaccine in the Fanteakwa District of the eastern region of Ghana
Abstract Background Rotavirus is considered the main causal factor of severe gastroenteritis among infants and children globally. The association with severe rotavirus infection is mostly worse among the least developed countries, mainly due to inadequate access to medical care and poverty. This stu...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2021-02-01
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| Series: | BMC Pediatrics |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12887-021-02540-3 |
| _version_ | 1819169663320326144 |
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| author | James Atampiiga Avoka Elvis J. Dun-Dery Issah Seidu Armel N. E. Abou Paul Twene Isaac Obeng Tandoh Frederick Dun-Dery |
| author_facet | James Atampiiga Avoka Elvis J. Dun-Dery Issah Seidu Armel N. E. Abou Paul Twene Isaac Obeng Tandoh Frederick Dun-Dery |
| author_sort | James Atampiiga Avoka |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Rotavirus is considered the main causal factor of severe gastroenteritis among infants and children globally. The association with severe rotavirus infection is mostly worse among the least developed countries, mainly due to inadequate access to medical care and poverty. This study was conducted to determine the seasonal effects in respect of diarrhea cases in children, the association between diarrhea cases and Rota2 vaccine in the Fanteakwa District of the Eastern Region of Ghana. Methods The study compares monthly diarrhea cases against children vaccinated with Rota2 extracted from DHIMS2 spanning May 2012 to December 2017 in Fanteakwa District. A univariate association between diarrhea cases and children vaccinated with Rota 2 was conducted using the R-software version 3.4.4 with the use of forecast, tseries and TSAPred. Pearson Correlation coefficient was also computed between monthly diarrhea cases and Rota 2 as well as lagged values of Rota 2 and Diarrhea cases. Results The study shows that February recorded the highest average number of diarrhea cases (172) over the period 2012 to 2017 with a standard deviation of 59. However, a one-way analysis of variance shows a significant difference amongst the monthly averages with an F-statistic of 0.042 and P-value of 0.064. It is observed that the correlations between each of the Rota2 doses and the lagged cases are positive, showing higher Rota2 doses a month ago (( X t − 1 ), 0.346 to 0.735), two months ago (( X t − 2 ), 0.383 to 0.746), three months ago (( X t − 3 ), 0.330 to 0.737) and four months ago (( X t − 4 ), 0.236 to 0.723) are associated with lower diarrhea cases. The results also show that an increase in the previous two month’s Rota2 figures by 100 is associated with a significant decrease in the currently expected diarrhea cases by approximately 36. Conclusion Seasonal variations exist in the occurrence of diarrhea in children, with January recording the highest number of diarrhea cases (172). There is a relationship between episodes of diarrhea in children and Rota2 (p-value = 0.064); thus, the more children are vaccinated with Rota2, the less diarrhea cases are recorded. Diarrhea cases in Fanteakwa district are generally low, except 2013 and 2016 where the cases are higher than the rest of the other years. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-22T19:23:05Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0cbeed499a724460ad53970ec9294f03 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1471-2431 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-22T19:23:05Z |
| publishDate | 2021-02-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Pediatrics |
| spelling | doaj.art-0cbeed499a724460ad53970ec9294f032022-12-21T18:15:19ZengBMCBMC Pediatrics1471-24312021-02-012111910.1186/s12887-021-02540-3Time series analysis of the relationship between diarrhea in children and Rota 2 vaccine in the Fanteakwa District of the eastern region of GhanaJames Atampiiga Avoka0Elvis J. Dun-Dery1Issah Seidu2Armel N. E. Abou3Paul Twene4Isaac Obeng Tandoh5Frederick Dun-Dery6Ghana Health Service, Birim Central Municipal Health DirectorateDepartment of Population and Health Research, Research Web AfricaDepartment of Statistics, University of GhanaDepartment of Statistics, University of GhanaDepartment of Statistics, University of GhanaDepartment of Statistics, University of GhanaDisease Control in Disadvantaged Populations, Heidelberg Institute of Global Health, Medical Faculty, Ruprecht-Karls UniversitätAbstract Background Rotavirus is considered the main causal factor of severe gastroenteritis among infants and children globally. The association with severe rotavirus infection is mostly worse among the least developed countries, mainly due to inadequate access to medical care and poverty. This study was conducted to determine the seasonal effects in respect of diarrhea cases in children, the association between diarrhea cases and Rota2 vaccine in the Fanteakwa District of the Eastern Region of Ghana. Methods The study compares monthly diarrhea cases against children vaccinated with Rota2 extracted from DHIMS2 spanning May 2012 to December 2017 in Fanteakwa District. A univariate association between diarrhea cases and children vaccinated with Rota 2 was conducted using the R-software version 3.4.4 with the use of forecast, tseries and TSAPred. Pearson Correlation coefficient was also computed between monthly diarrhea cases and Rota 2 as well as lagged values of Rota 2 and Diarrhea cases. Results The study shows that February recorded the highest average number of diarrhea cases (172) over the period 2012 to 2017 with a standard deviation of 59. However, a one-way analysis of variance shows a significant difference amongst the monthly averages with an F-statistic of 0.042 and P-value of 0.064. It is observed that the correlations between each of the Rota2 doses and the lagged cases are positive, showing higher Rota2 doses a month ago (( X t − 1 ), 0.346 to 0.735), two months ago (( X t − 2 ), 0.383 to 0.746), three months ago (( X t − 3 ), 0.330 to 0.737) and four months ago (( X t − 4 ), 0.236 to 0.723) are associated with lower diarrhea cases. The results also show that an increase in the previous two month’s Rota2 figures by 100 is associated with a significant decrease in the currently expected diarrhea cases by approximately 36. Conclusion Seasonal variations exist in the occurrence of diarrhea in children, with January recording the highest number of diarrhea cases (172). There is a relationship between episodes of diarrhea in children and Rota2 (p-value = 0.064); thus, the more children are vaccinated with Rota2, the less diarrhea cases are recorded. Diarrhea cases in Fanteakwa district are generally low, except 2013 and 2016 where the cases are higher than the rest of the other years.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12887-021-02540-3RotavirusDiarrheaChildrenGhana |
| spellingShingle | James Atampiiga Avoka Elvis J. Dun-Dery Issah Seidu Armel N. E. Abou Paul Twene Isaac Obeng Tandoh Frederick Dun-Dery Time series analysis of the relationship between diarrhea in children and Rota 2 vaccine in the Fanteakwa District of the eastern region of Ghana BMC Pediatrics Rotavirus Diarrhea Children Ghana |
| title | Time series analysis of the relationship between diarrhea in children and Rota 2 vaccine in the Fanteakwa District of the eastern region of Ghana |
| title_full | Time series analysis of the relationship between diarrhea in children and Rota 2 vaccine in the Fanteakwa District of the eastern region of Ghana |
| title_fullStr | Time series analysis of the relationship between diarrhea in children and Rota 2 vaccine in the Fanteakwa District of the eastern region of Ghana |
| title_full_unstemmed | Time series analysis of the relationship between diarrhea in children and Rota 2 vaccine in the Fanteakwa District of the eastern region of Ghana |
| title_short | Time series analysis of the relationship between diarrhea in children and Rota 2 vaccine in the Fanteakwa District of the eastern region of Ghana |
| title_sort | time series analysis of the relationship between diarrhea in children and rota 2 vaccine in the fanteakwa district of the eastern region of ghana |
| topic | Rotavirus Diarrhea Children Ghana |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12887-021-02540-3 |
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