Receptors and Channels Possibly Mediating the Effects of Phytocannabinoids on Seizures and Epilepsy
Epilepsy contributes to approximately 1% of the global disease burden. By affecting especially young children as well as older persons of all social and racial variety, epilepsy is a present disorder worldwide. Currently, only 65% of epileptic patients can be successfully treated with antiepileptic...
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MDPI AG
2020-07-01
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| Series: | Pharmaceuticals |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8247/13/8/174 |
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| author | Lara Senn Giuseppe Cannazza Giuseppe Biagini |
| author_facet | Lara Senn Giuseppe Cannazza Giuseppe Biagini |
| author_sort | Lara Senn |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Epilepsy contributes to approximately 1% of the global disease burden. By affecting especially young children as well as older persons of all social and racial variety, epilepsy is a present disorder worldwide. Currently, only 65% of epileptic patients can be successfully treated with antiepileptic drugs. For this reason, alternative medicine receives more attention. Cannabis has been cultivated for over 6000 years to treat pain and insomnia and used since the 19th century to suppress epileptic seizures. The two best described phytocannabinoids, (−)-<i>trans</i>-Δ<sup>9</sup>-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD) are claimed to have positive effects on different neurological as well as neurodegenerative diseases, including epilepsy. There are different cannabinoids which act through different types of receptors and channels, including the cannabinoid receptor 1 and 2 (CB<sub>1</sub>, CB<sub>2</sub>), G protein-coupled receptor 55 (GPR55) and 18 (GPR18), opioid receptor µ and δ, transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1 (TRPV1) and 2 (TRPV2), type A γ-aminobutyric acid receptor (GABA<sub>A</sub>R) and voltage-gated sodium channels (VGSC). The mechanisms and importance of the interaction between phytocannabinoids and their different sites of action regarding epileptic seizures and their clinical value are described in this review. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T18:04:50Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0ccdeebba69e4d68a4ae14248267c976 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1424-8247 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T18:04:50Z |
| publishDate | 2020-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Pharmaceuticals |
| spelling | doaj.art-0ccdeebba69e4d68a4ae14248267c9762023-11-20T08:34:43ZengMDPI AGPharmaceuticals1424-82472020-07-0113817410.3390/ph13080174Receptors and Channels Possibly Mediating the Effects of Phytocannabinoids on Seizures and EpilepsyLara Senn0Giuseppe Cannazza1Giuseppe Biagini2Laboratory of Experimental Epileptology, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, ItalyDepartment of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, ItalyLaboratory of Experimental Epileptology, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, ItalyEpilepsy contributes to approximately 1% of the global disease burden. By affecting especially young children as well as older persons of all social and racial variety, epilepsy is a present disorder worldwide. Currently, only 65% of epileptic patients can be successfully treated with antiepileptic drugs. For this reason, alternative medicine receives more attention. Cannabis has been cultivated for over 6000 years to treat pain and insomnia and used since the 19th century to suppress epileptic seizures. The two best described phytocannabinoids, (−)-<i>trans</i>-Δ<sup>9</sup>-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD) are claimed to have positive effects on different neurological as well as neurodegenerative diseases, including epilepsy. There are different cannabinoids which act through different types of receptors and channels, including the cannabinoid receptor 1 and 2 (CB<sub>1</sub>, CB<sub>2</sub>), G protein-coupled receptor 55 (GPR55) and 18 (GPR18), opioid receptor µ and δ, transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1 (TRPV1) and 2 (TRPV2), type A γ-aminobutyric acid receptor (GABA<sub>A</sub>R) and voltage-gated sodium channels (VGSC). The mechanisms and importance of the interaction between phytocannabinoids and their different sites of action regarding epileptic seizures and their clinical value are described in this review.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8247/13/8/174phytocannabinoidsepilepsyanticonvulsantcannabisseizure |
| spellingShingle | Lara Senn Giuseppe Cannazza Giuseppe Biagini Receptors and Channels Possibly Mediating the Effects of Phytocannabinoids on Seizures and Epilepsy Pharmaceuticals phytocannabinoids epilepsy anticonvulsant cannabis seizure |
| title | Receptors and Channels Possibly Mediating the Effects of Phytocannabinoids on Seizures and Epilepsy |
| title_full | Receptors and Channels Possibly Mediating the Effects of Phytocannabinoids on Seizures and Epilepsy |
| title_fullStr | Receptors and Channels Possibly Mediating the Effects of Phytocannabinoids on Seizures and Epilepsy |
| title_full_unstemmed | Receptors and Channels Possibly Mediating the Effects of Phytocannabinoids on Seizures and Epilepsy |
| title_short | Receptors and Channels Possibly Mediating the Effects of Phytocannabinoids on Seizures and Epilepsy |
| title_sort | receptors and channels possibly mediating the effects of phytocannabinoids on seizures and epilepsy |
| topic | phytocannabinoids epilepsy anticonvulsant cannabis seizure |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8247/13/8/174 |
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