Pulmonary Kaposi Sarcoma without Respiratory Symptoms and Skin Lesions in an HIV-Naïve Patient: A Case Report and Literature Review
Kaposi sarcoma (KS) is a multifocal lympho-angioproliferative, mesenchymal low-grade tumor associated with a γ2-herpesvirus, named Kaposi sarcoma-associated virus or human herpesvirus (KSHV/HHV8). The lung is considered a usual anatomical location of KS, despite being infrequent, often in associatio...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-03-01
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| Series: | Infectious Disease Reports |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2036-7449/14/2/28 |
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| author | Cristina Micali Ylenia Russotto Alessio Facciolà Andrea Marino Benedetto Maurizio Celesia Eugenia Pistarà Grazia Caci Giuseppe Nunnari Giovanni Francesco Pellicanò Emmanuele Venanzi Rullo |
| author_facet | Cristina Micali Ylenia Russotto Alessio Facciolà Andrea Marino Benedetto Maurizio Celesia Eugenia Pistarà Grazia Caci Giuseppe Nunnari Giovanni Francesco Pellicanò Emmanuele Venanzi Rullo |
| author_sort | Cristina Micali |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Kaposi sarcoma (KS) is a multifocal lympho-angioproliferative, mesenchymal low-grade tumor associated with a γ2-herpesvirus, named Kaposi sarcoma-associated virus or human herpesvirus (KSHV/HHV8). The lung is considered a usual anatomical location of KS, despite being infrequent, often in association with extensive mucocutaneous lesions and very uncommonly as an isolated event. We report a case of a pulmonary KS (pKS) in a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) naïve patient, which was atypical due to a lack of cutaneous involvement and an absence of respiratory symptoms. The pKS was initially identified as a tumoral suspected nodular lesion and only after immunohistochemical analysis was it characterized as KS. Furthermore, the diagnosis of pKS led to the discovery of the HIV-seropositive status of the patient, previously unknown. Our report underlines the importance of considering pKS even without skin lesions and as a first manifestation of HIV infection. We also reviewed literature on the current knowledge about pKS in people living with HIV (PLWH) to underline how one of the most common HIV/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) associated tumors can have a challenging localization and be difficult to recognize. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T13:34:43Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0cde42c98f0649f6b02f213027c8a367 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2036-7449 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T13:34:43Z |
| publishDate | 2022-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Infectious Disease Reports |
| spelling | doaj.art-0cde42c98f0649f6b02f213027c8a3672023-11-30T21:13:21ZengMDPI AGInfectious Disease Reports2036-74492022-03-0114222824210.3390/idr14020028Pulmonary Kaposi Sarcoma without Respiratory Symptoms and Skin Lesions in an HIV-Naïve Patient: A Case Report and Literature ReviewCristina Micali0Ylenia Russotto1Alessio Facciolà2Andrea Marino3Benedetto Maurizio Celesia4Eugenia Pistarà5Grazia Caci6Giuseppe Nunnari7Giovanni Francesco Pellicanò8Emmanuele Venanzi Rullo9Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98124 Messina, ItalyUnit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98124 Messina, ItalyDepartment of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, 98100 Messina, ItalyUnit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95131 Catania, ItalyUnit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95131 Catania, ItalyUnit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95131 Catania, ItalyUnit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98124 Messina, ItalyUnit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98124 Messina, ItalyUnit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Adult and Childhood Human Pathology “Gaetano Barresi”, University of Messina, 98124 Messina, ItalyUnit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98124 Messina, ItalyKaposi sarcoma (KS) is a multifocal lympho-angioproliferative, mesenchymal low-grade tumor associated with a γ2-herpesvirus, named Kaposi sarcoma-associated virus or human herpesvirus (KSHV/HHV8). The lung is considered a usual anatomical location of KS, despite being infrequent, often in association with extensive mucocutaneous lesions and very uncommonly as an isolated event. We report a case of a pulmonary KS (pKS) in a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) naïve patient, which was atypical due to a lack of cutaneous involvement and an absence of respiratory symptoms. The pKS was initially identified as a tumoral suspected nodular lesion and only after immunohistochemical analysis was it characterized as KS. Furthermore, the diagnosis of pKS led to the discovery of the HIV-seropositive status of the patient, previously unknown. Our report underlines the importance of considering pKS even without skin lesions and as a first manifestation of HIV infection. We also reviewed literature on the current knowledge about pKS in people living with HIV (PLWH) to underline how one of the most common HIV/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) associated tumors can have a challenging localization and be difficult to recognize.https://www.mdpi.com/2036-7449/14/2/28pulmonary Kaposi sarcomaHIVacquired immunodeficiency syndromeatypical presentationsnaïve patient |
| spellingShingle | Cristina Micali Ylenia Russotto Alessio Facciolà Andrea Marino Benedetto Maurizio Celesia Eugenia Pistarà Grazia Caci Giuseppe Nunnari Giovanni Francesco Pellicanò Emmanuele Venanzi Rullo Pulmonary Kaposi Sarcoma without Respiratory Symptoms and Skin Lesions in an HIV-Naïve Patient: A Case Report and Literature Review Infectious Disease Reports pulmonary Kaposi sarcoma HIV acquired immunodeficiency syndrome atypical presentations naïve patient |
| title | Pulmonary Kaposi Sarcoma without Respiratory Symptoms and Skin Lesions in an HIV-Naïve Patient: A Case Report and Literature Review |
| title_full | Pulmonary Kaposi Sarcoma without Respiratory Symptoms and Skin Lesions in an HIV-Naïve Patient: A Case Report and Literature Review |
| title_fullStr | Pulmonary Kaposi Sarcoma without Respiratory Symptoms and Skin Lesions in an HIV-Naïve Patient: A Case Report and Literature Review |
| title_full_unstemmed | Pulmonary Kaposi Sarcoma without Respiratory Symptoms and Skin Lesions in an HIV-Naïve Patient: A Case Report and Literature Review |
| title_short | Pulmonary Kaposi Sarcoma without Respiratory Symptoms and Skin Lesions in an HIV-Naïve Patient: A Case Report and Literature Review |
| title_sort | pulmonary kaposi sarcoma without respiratory symptoms and skin lesions in an hiv naive patient a case report and literature review |
| topic | pulmonary Kaposi sarcoma HIV acquired immunodeficiency syndrome atypical presentations naïve patient |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2036-7449/14/2/28 |
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