Transition from Self-Organized Criticality into Self-Organization during Sliding Si<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> Balls against Nanocrystalline Diamond Films
The paper investigates the variation of friction force (<i>F</i><sub>x</sub>) during reciprocating sliding tests on nanocrystalline diamond (NCD) films. The analysis of the friction behavior during the run-in period is the focus of the study. The NCD films were grown using mi...
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MDPI AG
2019-10-01
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| author | Andrei Bogatov Vitali Podgursky Heinar Vagiström Maxim Yashin Asad A. Shaikh Mart Viljus Pradeep L. Menezes Iosif S. Gershman |
| author_facet | Andrei Bogatov Vitali Podgursky Heinar Vagiström Maxim Yashin Asad A. Shaikh Mart Viljus Pradeep L. Menezes Iosif S. Gershman |
| author_sort | Andrei Bogatov |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The paper investigates the variation of friction force (<i>F</i><sub>x</sub>) during reciprocating sliding tests on nanocrystalline diamond (NCD) films. The analysis of the friction behavior during the run-in period is the focus of the study. The NCD films were grown using microwave plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (MW-PECVD) on single-crystalline diamond SCD(110) substrates. Reciprocating sliding tests were conducted under 500 and 2000 g of normal load using Si<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> balls as a counter body. The friction force permanently varies during the test, namely <i>F</i><sub>x</sub> value can locally increase or decrease in each cycle of sliding. The distribution of friction force drops (<i>dF</i><sub>x</sub>) was extracted from the experimental data using a specially developed program. The analysis revealed a power-law distribution <i>f</i><sup>-µ</sup> of <i>dF</i><sub>x</sub> for the early stage of the run-in with the exponent value (<i>µ</i>) in the range from 0.6 to 2.9. In addition, the frequency power spectrum of <i>F</i><sub>x</sub> time series follows power-law distribution <i>f</i><sup>-α</sup> with <i>α</i> value in the range of 1.0−2.0, with the highest values (1.6−2.0) for the initial stage of the run-in. No power-law distribution of <i>dF</i><sub>x</sub> was found for the later stage of the run-in and the steady-state periods of sliding with the exception for periods where a relatively extended decrease of coefficient of friction (COF) was observed. The asperity interlocking leads to the stick-slip like sliding at the early stage of the run-in. This tribological behavior can be related to the self-organized criticality (SOC). The emergence of dissipative structures at the later stages of the run-in, namely the formation of ripples, carbonaceous tribolayer, etc., can be associated with the self-organization (SO). |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T14:09:52Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
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| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T14:09:52Z |
| publishDate | 2019-10-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-0ce4fad27c6a40feb77029e0f02dd2772022-12-22T04:19:45ZengMDPI AGEntropy1099-43002019-10-012111105510.3390/e21111055e21111055Transition from Self-Organized Criticality into Self-Organization during Sliding Si<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> Balls against Nanocrystalline Diamond FilmsAndrei Bogatov0Vitali Podgursky1Heinar Vagiström2Maxim Yashin3Asad A. Shaikh4Mart Viljus5Pradeep L. Menezes6Iosif S. Gershman7Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Tallinn University of Technology, Ehitajate tee 5, 19086 Tallinn, EstoniaDepartment of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Tallinn University of Technology, Ehitajate tee 5, 19086 Tallinn, EstoniaDepartment of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Tallinn University of Technology, Ehitajate tee 5, 19086 Tallinn, EstoniaDepartment of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Tallinn University of Technology, Ehitajate tee 5, 19086 Tallinn, EstoniaDepartment of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Tallinn University of Technology, Ehitajate tee 5, 19086 Tallinn, EstoniaDepartment of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Tallinn University of Technology, Ehitajate tee 5, 19086 Tallinn, EstoniaDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, University of Nevada Reno, Reno, NV 89557, USAJoint Stock Company Railway Research Institute, Moscow State Technological University “Stankin” (MSTU “STANKIN”), 3rd Mytischinskaya Street 10, 129851, 127994, GSP-4, Moscow, Vadkovsky lane 1, Moscow, RussiaThe paper investigates the variation of friction force (<i>F</i><sub>x</sub>) during reciprocating sliding tests on nanocrystalline diamond (NCD) films. The analysis of the friction behavior during the run-in period is the focus of the study. The NCD films were grown using microwave plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (MW-PECVD) on single-crystalline diamond SCD(110) substrates. Reciprocating sliding tests were conducted under 500 and 2000 g of normal load using Si<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> balls as a counter body. The friction force permanently varies during the test, namely <i>F</i><sub>x</sub> value can locally increase or decrease in each cycle of sliding. The distribution of friction force drops (<i>dF</i><sub>x</sub>) was extracted from the experimental data using a specially developed program. The analysis revealed a power-law distribution <i>f</i><sup>-µ</sup> of <i>dF</i><sub>x</sub> for the early stage of the run-in with the exponent value (<i>µ</i>) in the range from 0.6 to 2.9. In addition, the frequency power spectrum of <i>F</i><sub>x</sub> time series follows power-law distribution <i>f</i><sup>-α</sup> with <i>α</i> value in the range of 1.0−2.0, with the highest values (1.6−2.0) for the initial stage of the run-in. No power-law distribution of <i>dF</i><sub>x</sub> was found for the later stage of the run-in and the steady-state periods of sliding with the exception for periods where a relatively extended decrease of coefficient of friction (COF) was observed. The asperity interlocking leads to the stick-slip like sliding at the early stage of the run-in. This tribological behavior can be related to the self-organized criticality (SOC). The emergence of dissipative structures at the later stages of the run-in, namely the formation of ripples, carbonaceous tribolayer, etc., can be associated with the self-organization (SO).https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/21/11/1055ncdfrictionself-organized criticalityself-organization |
| spellingShingle | Andrei Bogatov Vitali Podgursky Heinar Vagiström Maxim Yashin Asad A. Shaikh Mart Viljus Pradeep L. Menezes Iosif S. Gershman Transition from Self-Organized Criticality into Self-Organization during Sliding Si<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> Balls against Nanocrystalline Diamond Films Entropy ncd friction self-organized criticality self-organization |
| title | Transition from Self-Organized Criticality into Self-Organization during Sliding Si<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> Balls against Nanocrystalline Diamond Films |
| title_full | Transition from Self-Organized Criticality into Self-Organization during Sliding Si<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> Balls against Nanocrystalline Diamond Films |
| title_fullStr | Transition from Self-Organized Criticality into Self-Organization during Sliding Si<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> Balls against Nanocrystalline Diamond Films |
| title_full_unstemmed | Transition from Self-Organized Criticality into Self-Organization during Sliding Si<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> Balls against Nanocrystalline Diamond Films |
| title_short | Transition from Self-Organized Criticality into Self-Organization during Sliding Si<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> Balls against Nanocrystalline Diamond Films |
| title_sort | transition from self organized criticality into self organization during sliding si sub 3 sub n sub 4 sub balls against nanocrystalline diamond films |
| topic | ncd friction self-organized criticality self-organization |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/21/11/1055 |
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