GABA and glutamate uptake and metabolism in retinal glial (Müller) cells
Müller cells, the principal glial cells of the retina, support the synaptic activity by the uptake and metabolization of extracellular neurotransmitters. Müller cells express uptake and exchange systems for various neurotransmitters including glutamate and -aminobutyric acid (GABA...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2013-04-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Endocrinology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fendo.2013.00048/full |
| _version_ | 1811266505019490304 |
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| author | Andreas eBringmann Antje eGrosche Thomas ePannicke Andreas eReichenbach |
| author_facet | Andreas eBringmann Antje eGrosche Thomas ePannicke Andreas eReichenbach |
| author_sort | Andreas eBringmann |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Müller cells, the principal glial cells of the retina, support the synaptic activity by the uptake and metabolization of extracellular neurotransmitters. Müller cells express uptake and exchange systems for various neurotransmitters including glutamate and -aminobutyric acid (GABA). Müller cells remove the bulk of extracellular glutamate in the inner retina and contribute to the glutamate clearance around photoreceptor terminals. By the uptake of glutamate, Müller cells are involved in the shaping and termination of the synaptic activity, particularly in the inner retina. Reactive Müller cells are neuroprotective, e.g., by the clearance of excess extracellular glutamate, but may also contribute to neuronal degeneration by a malfunctioning or even reversal of glial glutamate transporters, or by a downregulation of the key enzyme, glutamine synthetase. This review summarizes the present knowledge about the role of Müller cells in the clearance and metabolization of extracellular glutamate and GABA. Some major pathways of GABA and glutamate metabolism in Müller cells are described; these pathways are involved in the glutamate-glutamine cycle of the retina, in the defense against oxidative stress via the production of glutathione, and in the production of substrates for the neuronal energy metabolism. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T20:44:26Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0cef96000cd64106a14f29dc74995c6c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-2392 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T20:44:26Z |
| publishDate | 2013-04-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Endocrinology |
| spelling | doaj.art-0cef96000cd64106a14f29dc74995c6c2022-12-22T03:17:19ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Endocrinology1664-23922013-04-01410.3389/fendo.2013.0004847362GABA and glutamate uptake and metabolism in retinal glial (Müller) cellsAndreas eBringmann0Antje eGrosche1Thomas ePannicke2Andreas eReichenbach3University of LeipzigUniversity of LeipzigUniversity of LeipzigUniversity of LeipzigMüller cells, the principal glial cells of the retina, support the synaptic activity by the uptake and metabolization of extracellular neurotransmitters. Müller cells express uptake and exchange systems for various neurotransmitters including glutamate and -aminobutyric acid (GABA). Müller cells remove the bulk of extracellular glutamate in the inner retina and contribute to the glutamate clearance around photoreceptor terminals. By the uptake of glutamate, Müller cells are involved in the shaping and termination of the synaptic activity, particularly in the inner retina. Reactive Müller cells are neuroprotective, e.g., by the clearance of excess extracellular glutamate, but may also contribute to neuronal degeneration by a malfunctioning or even reversal of glial glutamate transporters, or by a downregulation of the key enzyme, glutamine synthetase. This review summarizes the present knowledge about the role of Müller cells in the clearance and metabolization of extracellular glutamate and GABA. Some major pathways of GABA and glutamate metabolism in Müller cells are described; these pathways are involved in the glutamate-glutamine cycle of the retina, in the defense against oxidative stress via the production of glutathione, and in the production of substrates for the neuronal energy metabolism.http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fendo.2013.00048/fullRecyclingRetinaGABAGlutamateMüller cellsretinal pathology |
| spellingShingle | Andreas eBringmann Antje eGrosche Thomas ePannicke Andreas eReichenbach GABA and glutamate uptake and metabolism in retinal glial (Müller) cells Frontiers in Endocrinology Recycling Retina GABA Glutamate Müller cells retinal pathology |
| title | GABA and glutamate uptake and metabolism in retinal glial (Müller) cells |
| title_full | GABA and glutamate uptake and metabolism in retinal glial (Müller) cells |
| title_fullStr | GABA and glutamate uptake and metabolism in retinal glial (Müller) cells |
| title_full_unstemmed | GABA and glutamate uptake and metabolism in retinal glial (Müller) cells |
| title_short | GABA and glutamate uptake and metabolism in retinal glial (Müller) cells |
| title_sort | gaba and glutamate uptake and metabolism in retinal glial m 252 ller cells |
| topic | Recycling Retina GABA Glutamate Müller cells retinal pathology |
| url | http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fendo.2013.00048/full |
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