| Summary: | (1) Background: Chemerin, or the <i>RARRES2</i> (<i>Retinoic Acid Receptor Responder 2</i>) gene, is found to be associated with an increased incidence of insulin resistance, endothelial dysfunction, type 2 diabetes (T2D), and coronary artery disease (CAD). This study investigates associations of <i>RARRES2</i><i>rs17173608</i> with insulin resistance and the severity of CAD in non-obese T2D patients in relation to the clinical and genetic factors. (2) Methods: A total of 300 patients with T2D and CAD were recruited in this study. The associations of insulin resistance and the severity of CAD with <i>RARRES2</i><i>rs17173608</i> and clinical factors were assessed. The genotyping procedures were performed using the TaqMan method. The significant associations (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.05) from preliminary tests were employed to carry out the secondary analysis. (3) Results: <i>RARRES2</i><i>rs17173608</i> (TT, TG, and GG polymorphisms in the preliminary analysis; TG and GG polymorphisms in a secondary analysis) was associated with insulin resistance and the severity of CAD in both the preliminary and secondary analysis (all <i>p</i>-values were < 0.05). Additionally, in the secondary analysis, FPG and ACEI were also associated with insulin resistance and the severity of CAD (all <i>p</i>-values were < 0.05). (4) Conclusion: From the preliminary findings, <i>rs17173608</i> is a significant predictor of insulin resistance and the severity of CAD.
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