Winter temperature predicts prolonged diapause in pine processionary moth species across their geographic range
Prolonged diapause occurs in a number of insects and is interpreted as a way to evade adverse conditions. The winter pine processionary moths (Thaumetopoea pityocampa and Th. wilkinsoni) are important pests of pines and cedars in the Mediterranean region. They are typically univoltine, with larvae f...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
PeerJ Inc.
2019-02-01
|
| Series: | PeerJ |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://peerj.com/articles/6530.pdf |
| _version_ | 1797418160190652416 |
|---|---|
| author | Md H.R. Salman Carmelo P. Bonsignore Ahmed El Alaoui El Fels Folco Giomi José A. Hodar Mathieu Laparie Lorenzo Marini Cécile Merel Myron P. Zalucki Mohamed Zamoum Andrea Battisti |
| author_facet | Md H.R. Salman Carmelo P. Bonsignore Ahmed El Alaoui El Fels Folco Giomi José A. Hodar Mathieu Laparie Lorenzo Marini Cécile Merel Myron P. Zalucki Mohamed Zamoum Andrea Battisti |
| author_sort | Md H.R. Salman |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Prolonged diapause occurs in a number of insects and is interpreted as a way to evade adverse conditions. The winter pine processionary moths (Thaumetopoea pityocampa and Th. wilkinsoni) are important pests of pines and cedars in the Mediterranean region. They are typically univoltine, with larvae feeding across the winter, pupating in spring in the soil and emerging as adults in summer. Pupae may, however, enter a prolonged diapause with adults emerging one or more years later. We tested the effect of variation in winter temperature on the incidence of prolonged diapause, using a total of 64 individual datasets related to insect cohorts over the period 1964–2015 for 36 sites in seven countries, covering most of the geographic range of both species. We found high variation in prolonged diapause incidence over their ranges. At both lower and upper ends of the thermal range in winter, prolonged diapause tended to be higher than at intermediate temperatures. Prolonged diapause may represent a risk-spreading strategy to mitigate climate uncertainty, although it may increase individual mortality because of a longer exposure to mortality factors such as predation, parasitism, diseases or energy depletion. Climate change, and in particular the increase of winter temperature, may reduce the incidence of prolonged diapause in colder regions whereas it may increase it in warmer ones, with consequences for population dynamics. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T06:28:30Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0cf6e7ff685e498681ca436f1a5569dc |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2167-8359 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T06:28:30Z |
| publishDate | 2019-02-01 |
| publisher | PeerJ Inc. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PeerJ |
| spelling | doaj.art-0cf6e7ff685e498681ca436f1a5569dc2023-12-03T11:10:53ZengPeerJ Inc.PeerJ2167-83592019-02-017e653010.7717/peerj.6530Winter temperature predicts prolonged diapause in pine processionary moth species across their geographic rangeMd H.R. Salman0Carmelo P. Bonsignore1Ahmed El Alaoui El Fels2Folco Giomi3José A. Hodar4Mathieu Laparie5Lorenzo Marini6Cécile Merel7Myron P. Zalucki8Mohamed Zamoum9Andrea Battisti10DAFNAE, University of Padova, Legnaro Padova, ItaliaPAU, Università Mediterranea, Reggio Calabria, ItaliaFaculté des Sciences, Université Cadi Ayyad, Marrakech, MoroccoDAFNAE, University of Padova, Legnaro Padova, ItaliaDepartment of Ecology, Universidad de Granada, Granada, SpainUnité de Recherche de Zoologie Forestière, INRA, Orleans, FranceDAFNAE, University of Padova, Legnaro Padova, ItaliaDAFNAE, University of Padova, Legnaro Padova, ItaliaSchool of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, AustraliaArboretum Bajnem, Institut National Recherche Forestiere, Alger, AlgeriaDAFNAE, University of Padova, Legnaro Padova, ItaliaProlonged diapause occurs in a number of insects and is interpreted as a way to evade adverse conditions. The winter pine processionary moths (Thaumetopoea pityocampa and Th. wilkinsoni) are important pests of pines and cedars in the Mediterranean region. They are typically univoltine, with larvae feeding across the winter, pupating in spring in the soil and emerging as adults in summer. Pupae may, however, enter a prolonged diapause with adults emerging one or more years later. We tested the effect of variation in winter temperature on the incidence of prolonged diapause, using a total of 64 individual datasets related to insect cohorts over the period 1964–2015 for 36 sites in seven countries, covering most of the geographic range of both species. We found high variation in prolonged diapause incidence over their ranges. At both lower and upper ends of the thermal range in winter, prolonged diapause tended to be higher than at intermediate temperatures. Prolonged diapause may represent a risk-spreading strategy to mitigate climate uncertainty, although it may increase individual mortality because of a longer exposure to mortality factors such as predation, parasitism, diseases or energy depletion. Climate change, and in particular the increase of winter temperature, may reduce the incidence of prolonged diapause in colder regions whereas it may increase it in warmer ones, with consequences for population dynamics.https://peerj.com/articles/6530.pdfMortalityPestPinusPupaSoilTemperature |
| spellingShingle | Md H.R. Salman Carmelo P. Bonsignore Ahmed El Alaoui El Fels Folco Giomi José A. Hodar Mathieu Laparie Lorenzo Marini Cécile Merel Myron P. Zalucki Mohamed Zamoum Andrea Battisti Winter temperature predicts prolonged diapause in pine processionary moth species across their geographic range PeerJ Mortality Pest Pinus Pupa Soil Temperature |
| title | Winter temperature predicts prolonged diapause in pine processionary moth species across their geographic range |
| title_full | Winter temperature predicts prolonged diapause in pine processionary moth species across their geographic range |
| title_fullStr | Winter temperature predicts prolonged diapause in pine processionary moth species across their geographic range |
| title_full_unstemmed | Winter temperature predicts prolonged diapause in pine processionary moth species across their geographic range |
| title_short | Winter temperature predicts prolonged diapause in pine processionary moth species across their geographic range |
| title_sort | winter temperature predicts prolonged diapause in pine processionary moth species across their geographic range |
| topic | Mortality Pest Pinus Pupa Soil Temperature |
| url | https://peerj.com/articles/6530.pdf |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT mdhrsalman wintertemperaturepredictsprolongeddiapauseinpineprocessionarymothspeciesacrosstheirgeographicrange AT carmelopbonsignore wintertemperaturepredictsprolongeddiapauseinpineprocessionarymothspeciesacrosstheirgeographicrange AT ahmedelalaouielfels wintertemperaturepredictsprolongeddiapauseinpineprocessionarymothspeciesacrosstheirgeographicrange AT folcogiomi wintertemperaturepredictsprolongeddiapauseinpineprocessionarymothspeciesacrosstheirgeographicrange AT joseahodar wintertemperaturepredictsprolongeddiapauseinpineprocessionarymothspeciesacrosstheirgeographicrange AT mathieulaparie wintertemperaturepredictsprolongeddiapauseinpineprocessionarymothspeciesacrosstheirgeographicrange AT lorenzomarini wintertemperaturepredictsprolongeddiapauseinpineprocessionarymothspeciesacrosstheirgeographicrange AT cecilemerel wintertemperaturepredictsprolongeddiapauseinpineprocessionarymothspeciesacrosstheirgeographicrange AT myronpzalucki wintertemperaturepredictsprolongeddiapauseinpineprocessionarymothspeciesacrosstheirgeographicrange AT mohamedzamoum wintertemperaturepredictsprolongeddiapauseinpineprocessionarymothspeciesacrosstheirgeographicrange AT andreabattisti wintertemperaturepredictsprolongeddiapauseinpineprocessionarymothspeciesacrosstheirgeographicrange |