The Potential of Fasting and Caloric Restriction to Mitigate Radiation Damage—A Systematic Review
Detrimental health effects from ionizing radiation to living organisms is one of the key concerns identified and addressed by Radiation Protection institutions, nationally and internationally on Earth and for human spaceflight. Thus, new methods for mitigating the adverse effects of ionizing radiati...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2020-09-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Nutrition |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fnut.2020.584543/full |
| _version_ | 1818081290876878848 |
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| author | Simon Valayer Simon Valayer David Kim David Kim Anna Fogtman Ulrich Straube Andrew Winnard Nick Caplan David A. Green David A. Green David A. Green Flora H. P. van Leeuwen Flora H. P. van Leeuwen Tobias Weber Tobias Weber |
| author_facet | Simon Valayer Simon Valayer David Kim David Kim Anna Fogtman Ulrich Straube Andrew Winnard Nick Caplan David A. Green David A. Green David A. Green Flora H. P. van Leeuwen Flora H. P. van Leeuwen Tobias Weber Tobias Weber |
| author_sort | Simon Valayer |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Detrimental health effects from ionizing radiation to living organisms is one of the key concerns identified and addressed by Radiation Protection institutions, nationally and internationally on Earth and for human spaceflight. Thus, new methods for mitigating the adverse effects of ionizing radiation are urgently needed for terrestrial health and deep space exploration. Caloric restriction and (intermittent-) fasting have been reported to elicit a variety of immediate and long-term physiological effects. The rapidly growing body of evidence of research studies investigating the effects of caloric restriction and dietary fasting points toward a multitude of benefits affecting numerous physiological systems. Therefore, a systematic review was performed to evaluate the evidence of caloric restriction and dietary fasting on the physiological response to ionizing radiation in humans and animals. All experimental studies of humans, animals, and eukaryotic cell lines available in PubMed, Cochrane library, and specialized databases were searched comparing irradiation post-caloric restriction or fasting to a non-nutritionally restricted control group on a broad range of outcomes from molecular to clinical responses. The initial search yielded 2,653 records. The final analysis included 11 studies. Most studies investigated survival rate or cancer occurrence in animals. Included studies did not reveal any benefit from pre exposure caloric restriction, except when performed with post radiation caloric restriction. However, the effects of pre-exposure fasting suggest increased resilience to ionizing radiation. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-10T19:03:52Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0d26ba286f044a3c82ab1f1463a98317 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-861X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-10T19:03:52Z |
| publishDate | 2020-09-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Nutrition |
| spelling | doaj.art-0d26ba286f044a3c82ab1f1463a983172022-12-22T01:36:56ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Nutrition2296-861X2020-09-01710.3389/fnut.2020.584543584543The Potential of Fasting and Caloric Restriction to Mitigate Radiation Damage—A Systematic ReviewSimon Valayer0Simon Valayer1David Kim2David Kim3Anna Fogtman4Ulrich Straube5Andrew Winnard6Nick Caplan7David A. Green8David A. Green9David A. Green10Flora H. P. van Leeuwen11Flora H. P. van Leeuwen12Tobias Weber13Tobias Weber14European Space Agency (ESA), European Astronaut Center (EAC), Space Medicine Team (HRE-OM), Cologne, GermanyFaculty of Medicine Paris VI, Sorbonne University, Paris, FranceEuropean Space Agency (ESA), European Astronaut Center (EAC), Space Medicine Team (HRE-OM), Cologne, GermanyFaculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, CanadaEuropean Space Agency (ESA), European Astronaut Center (EAC), Space Medicine Team (HRE-OM), Cologne, GermanyEuropean Space Agency (ESA), European Astronaut Center (EAC), Space Medicine Team (HRE-OM), Cologne, GermanyFaculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United KingdomFaculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United KingdomEuropean Space Agency (ESA), European Astronaut Center (EAC), Space Medicine Team (HRE-OM), Cologne, GermanyKBR GmbH, Cologne, GermanyCenter of Human & Applied Physiological Sciences (CHAPS), King's College London, London, United KingdomEuropean Space Agency (ESA), European Astronaut Center (EAC), Space Medicine Team (HRE-OM), Cologne, GermanyFaculty of Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, NetherlandsEuropean Space Agency (ESA), European Astronaut Center (EAC), Space Medicine Team (HRE-OM), Cologne, GermanyKBR GmbH, Cologne, GermanyDetrimental health effects from ionizing radiation to living organisms is one of the key concerns identified and addressed by Radiation Protection institutions, nationally and internationally on Earth and for human spaceflight. Thus, new methods for mitigating the adverse effects of ionizing radiation are urgently needed for terrestrial health and deep space exploration. Caloric restriction and (intermittent-) fasting have been reported to elicit a variety of immediate and long-term physiological effects. The rapidly growing body of evidence of research studies investigating the effects of caloric restriction and dietary fasting points toward a multitude of benefits affecting numerous physiological systems. Therefore, a systematic review was performed to evaluate the evidence of caloric restriction and dietary fasting on the physiological response to ionizing radiation in humans and animals. All experimental studies of humans, animals, and eukaryotic cell lines available in PubMed, Cochrane library, and specialized databases were searched comparing irradiation post-caloric restriction or fasting to a non-nutritionally restricted control group on a broad range of outcomes from molecular to clinical responses. The initial search yielded 2,653 records. The final analysis included 11 studies. Most studies investigated survival rate or cancer occurrence in animals. Included studies did not reveal any benefit from pre exposure caloric restriction, except when performed with post radiation caloric restriction. However, the effects of pre-exposure fasting suggest increased resilience to ionizing radiation.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fnut.2020.584543/fullfastingcaloric restrictionradio-protectionSIRTUINirradationspace flight |
| spellingShingle | Simon Valayer Simon Valayer David Kim David Kim Anna Fogtman Ulrich Straube Andrew Winnard Nick Caplan David A. Green David A. Green David A. Green Flora H. P. van Leeuwen Flora H. P. van Leeuwen Tobias Weber Tobias Weber The Potential of Fasting and Caloric Restriction to Mitigate Radiation Damage—A Systematic Review Frontiers in Nutrition fasting caloric restriction radio-protection SIRTUIN irradation space flight |
| title | The Potential of Fasting and Caloric Restriction to Mitigate Radiation Damage—A Systematic Review |
| title_full | The Potential of Fasting and Caloric Restriction to Mitigate Radiation Damage—A Systematic Review |
| title_fullStr | The Potential of Fasting and Caloric Restriction to Mitigate Radiation Damage—A Systematic Review |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Potential of Fasting and Caloric Restriction to Mitigate Radiation Damage—A Systematic Review |
| title_short | The Potential of Fasting and Caloric Restriction to Mitigate Radiation Damage—A Systematic Review |
| title_sort | potential of fasting and caloric restriction to mitigate radiation damage a systematic review |
| topic | fasting caloric restriction radio-protection SIRTUIN irradation space flight |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fnut.2020.584543/full |
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