Cultivated Olive Diversification at Local and Regional Scales: Evidence From the Genetic Characterization of French Genetic Resources

Molecular characterization of crop genetic resources is a powerful approach to elucidate the origin of varieties and facilitate local cultivar management. Here we aimed to decipher the origin and diversification of French local olive germplasm. The 113 olive accessions of the ex situ collection of P...

Full description

Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Bouchaib Khadari, Ahmed El Bakkali, Laila Essalouh, Christine Tollon, Christian Pinatel, Guillaume Besnard
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2019-12-01
Series:Frontiers in Plant Science
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpls.2019.01593/full
_version_ 1819052519839498240
author Bouchaib Khadari
Bouchaib Khadari
Ahmed El Bakkali
Laila Essalouh
Laila Essalouh
Christine Tollon
Christian Pinatel
Guillaume Besnard
author_facet Bouchaib Khadari
Bouchaib Khadari
Ahmed El Bakkali
Laila Essalouh
Laila Essalouh
Christine Tollon
Christian Pinatel
Guillaume Besnard
author_sort Bouchaib Khadari
collection DOAJ
description Molecular characterization of crop genetic resources is a powerful approach to elucidate the origin of varieties and facilitate local cultivar management. Here we aimed to decipher the origin and diversification of French local olive germplasm. The 113 olive accessions of the ex situ collection of Porquerolles were characterized with 20 nuclear microsatellites plus their plastid haplotype. We then compared this collection to Mediterranean olive varieties from the Worldwide Olive Germplasm Bank of Marrakech, Morocco. High genetic diversity was observed within local French varieties, indicating a high admixture level, with an almost equal contribution from the three main Mediterranean gene pools. Nearly identical and closely related genotypes were observed among French and Italian/Spanish varieties. A high number of parent–offspring relationships were also detected among French varieties and between French and two Italian varieties (‘Frantoio’ and ‘Moraiolo’) and the Spanish variety (‘Gordal Sevillana’). Our investigations indicated that French olive germplasm resulted from the diffusion of material from multiple origins followed by diversification based on parentage relationships between varieties. We strongly suggest that farmers have been actively selecting olives based on local French varieties. French olive agroecosystems more affected by unexpected frosts than southernmost regions could also be seen as incubators and as a bridge between Italy and Spain that has enhanced varietal olive diversification.
first_indexed 2024-12-21T12:21:08Z
format Article
id doaj.art-0d3d0d96e07c494b808e2420f49c3555
institution Directory Open Access Journal
issn 1664-462X
language English
last_indexed 2024-12-21T12:21:08Z
publishDate 2019-12-01
publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
record_format Article
series Frontiers in Plant Science
spelling doaj.art-0d3d0d96e07c494b808e2420f49c35552022-12-21T19:04:18ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Plant Science1664-462X2019-12-011010.3389/fpls.2019.01593489664Cultivated Olive Diversification at Local and Regional Scales: Evidence From the Genetic Characterization of French Genetic ResourcesBouchaib Khadari0Bouchaib Khadari1Ahmed El Bakkali2Laila Essalouh3Laila Essalouh4Christine Tollon5Christian Pinatel6Guillaume Besnard7AGAP, University Montpellier, CIRAD, INRA, Montpellier SupAgro, Montpellier, FranceConservatoire Botanique National Méditerranéen de Porquerolles (CBNMed), UMR AGAP, Montpellier, FranceINRA, UR Amélioration des Plantes et Conservation des Ressources Phytogénétiques, Meknès, MoroccoAGAP, University Montpellier, CIRAD, INRA, Montpellier SupAgro, Montpellier, FranceÉtablissement Public Local d’Enseignement et de Formation Professionnelle Agricoles Nîmes-Rodilhan-CFPPA du Gard, Rodilhan, FranceAGAP, University Montpellier, CIRAD, INRA, Montpellier SupAgro, Montpellier, FranceCentre Technique de l’Olivier, Maison des Agriculteurs, Aix-en-Provence, FranceCNRS-IRD-UPS EDB, UMR 5174, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, FranceMolecular characterization of crop genetic resources is a powerful approach to elucidate the origin of varieties and facilitate local cultivar management. Here we aimed to decipher the origin and diversification of French local olive germplasm. The 113 olive accessions of the ex situ collection of Porquerolles were characterized with 20 nuclear microsatellites plus their plastid haplotype. We then compared this collection to Mediterranean olive varieties from the Worldwide Olive Germplasm Bank of Marrakech, Morocco. High genetic diversity was observed within local French varieties, indicating a high admixture level, with an almost equal contribution from the three main Mediterranean gene pools. Nearly identical and closely related genotypes were observed among French and Italian/Spanish varieties. A high number of parent–offspring relationships were also detected among French varieties and between French and two Italian varieties (‘Frantoio’ and ‘Moraiolo’) and the Spanish variety (‘Gordal Sevillana’). Our investigations indicated that French olive germplasm resulted from the diffusion of material from multiple origins followed by diversification based on parentage relationships between varieties. We strongly suggest that farmers have been actively selecting olives based on local French varieties. French olive agroecosystems more affected by unexpected frosts than southernmost regions could also be seen as incubators and as a bridge between Italy and Spain that has enhanced varietal olive diversification.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpls.2019.01593/fullOlea europaea L.parentage analysissimple sequence repeatgenetic structureex situ collection of Porquerollesgenetic resource management
spellingShingle Bouchaib Khadari
Bouchaib Khadari
Ahmed El Bakkali
Laila Essalouh
Laila Essalouh
Christine Tollon
Christian Pinatel
Guillaume Besnard
Cultivated Olive Diversification at Local and Regional Scales: Evidence From the Genetic Characterization of French Genetic Resources
Frontiers in Plant Science
Olea europaea L.
parentage analysis
simple sequence repeat
genetic structure
ex situ collection of Porquerolles
genetic resource management
title Cultivated Olive Diversification at Local and Regional Scales: Evidence From the Genetic Characterization of French Genetic Resources
title_full Cultivated Olive Diversification at Local and Regional Scales: Evidence From the Genetic Characterization of French Genetic Resources
title_fullStr Cultivated Olive Diversification at Local and Regional Scales: Evidence From the Genetic Characterization of French Genetic Resources
title_full_unstemmed Cultivated Olive Diversification at Local and Regional Scales: Evidence From the Genetic Characterization of French Genetic Resources
title_short Cultivated Olive Diversification at Local and Regional Scales: Evidence From the Genetic Characterization of French Genetic Resources
title_sort cultivated olive diversification at local and regional scales evidence from the genetic characterization of french genetic resources
topic Olea europaea L.
parentage analysis
simple sequence repeat
genetic structure
ex situ collection of Porquerolles
genetic resource management
url https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpls.2019.01593/full
work_keys_str_mv AT bouchaibkhadari cultivatedolivediversificationatlocalandregionalscalesevidencefromthegeneticcharacterizationoffrenchgeneticresources
AT bouchaibkhadari cultivatedolivediversificationatlocalandregionalscalesevidencefromthegeneticcharacterizationoffrenchgeneticresources
AT ahmedelbakkali cultivatedolivediversificationatlocalandregionalscalesevidencefromthegeneticcharacterizationoffrenchgeneticresources
AT lailaessalouh cultivatedolivediversificationatlocalandregionalscalesevidencefromthegeneticcharacterizationoffrenchgeneticresources
AT lailaessalouh cultivatedolivediversificationatlocalandregionalscalesevidencefromthegeneticcharacterizationoffrenchgeneticresources
AT christinetollon cultivatedolivediversificationatlocalandregionalscalesevidencefromthegeneticcharacterizationoffrenchgeneticresources
AT christianpinatel cultivatedolivediversificationatlocalandregionalscalesevidencefromthegeneticcharacterizationoffrenchgeneticresources
AT guillaumebesnard cultivatedolivediversificationatlocalandregionalscalesevidencefromthegeneticcharacterizationoffrenchgeneticresources