The Chemical Characteristic and Microbial Diversity of the Hot Spring at Phusang National Park
The Phusang waterfall is located in Phusang National Park in Phayao Province, Thailand. The robustness of Phusang’s warm waterfall is regionally recognized as the only one with a temperature range of 35-36 °C which makes it an outstanding place to visit in Thailand. Surprisingly, Phusang waterfall o...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Mahidol University
2019-08-01
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| Series: | Environment and Natural Resources Journal |
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| Online Access: | https://www.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/ennrj/article/view/211787/146743 |
| _version_ | 1818033697759166464 |
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| author | Sureewan Bumrungthai Sureewan Duangjit Buntom Somsuwan Somchai Inpeng |
| author_facet | Sureewan Bumrungthai Sureewan Duangjit Buntom Somsuwan Somchai Inpeng |
| author_sort | Sureewan Bumrungthai |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The Phusang waterfall is located in Phusang National Park in Phayao Province, Thailand. The robustness of Phusang’s warm waterfall is regionally recognized as the only one with a temperature range of 35-36 °C which makes it an outstanding place to visit in Thailand. Surprisingly, Phusang waterfall originates from the Phusang warm pool (hot spring). However, data about the bacterial community and characteristics of this water are still obscure. Therefore, this study investigated the bacterial community and characteristics of water in the Phusang hot spring. Tests to determine its physical characteristics such as pH, color and turbidity were performed. Trace elements such as sodium, bicarbonates, iron, and fluoride were detected as chemical characteristics. The biological properties were verified by 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing. Illumina metagenomic analysis was directly demonstrated from the water after DNA extraction via a membrane filtration pore of 0.45 μm. The range of pH, color and turbidity of water from the Phusang hot spring was 7.33-7.53, 0.05-0.18 Pt.Co and 9.55-10.91 NTU, respectively. The biological study of microorganisms found less than 300 CFU/mL. Coliform bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus and other examples such as Aeromonas veronii, Acinetobacter sp. Neisseriaceae bacterium were abundant. Shotgun metagenomic sequencing defined the phylum as Proteobacteria (84%), Bacteroidetes (13%), Cyanobacteria (1%), and unclassified (2%). Moreover, the amount of sodium and strontium detected was 6.00-7.52 and 1.40-1.58 mg/L respectively. These studies show that a high abundance of Proteobacteria were present in samples from this hot spring. Phusang hot spring has been classified as having low mineral content water. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-10T06:27:23Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0d43dce293a94cd4b273e057ae5011c4 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1686-5456 2408-2384 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-10T06:27:23Z |
| publishDate | 2019-08-01 |
| publisher | Mahidol University |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Environment and Natural Resources Journal |
| spelling | doaj.art-0d43dce293a94cd4b273e057ae5011c42022-12-22T01:59:11ZengMahidol UniversityEnvironment and Natural Resources Journal1686-54562408-23842019-08-01181334310.32526/ennrj.18.1.2020.04The Chemical Characteristic and Microbial Diversity of the Hot Spring at Phusang National ParkSureewan Bumrungthai0Sureewan Duangjit1Buntom Somsuwan2Somchai Inpeng3Division of Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Phayao, Phayao 56000, ThailandDivision of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ubon Ratchathani University, Ubon Ratchathani 34190, ThailandPhusang National Park, Department of National Parks, Wildlife and Plant Conservation, Phayao 56000, ThailandPhusang National Park, Department of National Parks, Wildlife and Plant Conservation, Phayao 56000, ThailandThe Phusang waterfall is located in Phusang National Park in Phayao Province, Thailand. The robustness of Phusang’s warm waterfall is regionally recognized as the only one with a temperature range of 35-36 °C which makes it an outstanding place to visit in Thailand. Surprisingly, Phusang waterfall originates from the Phusang warm pool (hot spring). However, data about the bacterial community and characteristics of this water are still obscure. Therefore, this study investigated the bacterial community and characteristics of water in the Phusang hot spring. Tests to determine its physical characteristics such as pH, color and turbidity were performed. Trace elements such as sodium, bicarbonates, iron, and fluoride were detected as chemical characteristics. The biological properties were verified by 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing. Illumina metagenomic analysis was directly demonstrated from the water after DNA extraction via a membrane filtration pore of 0.45 μm. The range of pH, color and turbidity of water from the Phusang hot spring was 7.33-7.53, 0.05-0.18 Pt.Co and 9.55-10.91 NTU, respectively. The biological study of microorganisms found less than 300 CFU/mL. Coliform bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus and other examples such as Aeromonas veronii, Acinetobacter sp. Neisseriaceae bacterium were abundant. Shotgun metagenomic sequencing defined the phylum as Proteobacteria (84%), Bacteroidetes (13%), Cyanobacteria (1%), and unclassified (2%). Moreover, the amount of sodium and strontium detected was 6.00-7.52 and 1.40-1.58 mg/L respectively. These studies show that a high abundance of Proteobacteria were present in samples from this hot spring. Phusang hot spring has been classified as having low mineral content water.https://www.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/ennrj/article/view/211787/146743bacterial hot springsequencingmetagenomicphusang warm poolbacterial diversity |
| spellingShingle | Sureewan Bumrungthai Sureewan Duangjit Buntom Somsuwan Somchai Inpeng The Chemical Characteristic and Microbial Diversity of the Hot Spring at Phusang National Park Environment and Natural Resources Journal bacterial hot spring sequencing metagenomic phusang warm pool bacterial diversity |
| title | The Chemical Characteristic and Microbial Diversity of the Hot Spring at Phusang National Park |
| title_full | The Chemical Characteristic and Microbial Diversity of the Hot Spring at Phusang National Park |
| title_fullStr | The Chemical Characteristic and Microbial Diversity of the Hot Spring at Phusang National Park |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Chemical Characteristic and Microbial Diversity of the Hot Spring at Phusang National Park |
| title_short | The Chemical Characteristic and Microbial Diversity of the Hot Spring at Phusang National Park |
| title_sort | chemical characteristic and microbial diversity of the hot spring at phusang national park |
| topic | bacterial hot spring sequencing metagenomic phusang warm pool bacterial diversity |
| url | https://www.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/ennrj/article/view/211787/146743 |
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