A Study of the Use of Iconic and Metaphoric Gestures with Motion-Based, Static Space-Based, Static Object-Based, and Static Event-Based Statements
In this article, we extend our previously suggested categorization of metaphors to literal statements, and categorize metaphorical and literal statements into four pairs of corresponding metaphorical and literal statements: (1) motion-based metaphorical/literal statements; (2) static space-based met...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-07-01
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| Series: | Behavioral Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-328X/12/7/239 |
| _version_ | 1797440790237020160 |
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| author | Omid Khatin-Zadeh Danyal Farsani Hassan Banaruee |
| author_facet | Omid Khatin-Zadeh Danyal Farsani Hassan Banaruee |
| author_sort | Omid Khatin-Zadeh |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In this article, we extend our previously suggested categorization of metaphors to literal statements, and categorize metaphorical and literal statements into four pairs of corresponding metaphorical and literal statements: (1) motion-based metaphorical/literal statements; (2) static space-based metaphorical/literal statements; (3) static object-based metaphorical/literal statements; (4) static event-based metaphorical/literal statements. Then, we report a study that investigated the use of metaphoric and iconic gestures with these corresponding categories during the retelling of a set of stories by a group of thirty participants. The participants listened to five audio short stories. Each story contained one statement of each metaphoric category and one statement of each literal category. After listening to each story, they retold it in their own language in front of a camera. The results showed that event-based metaphors and event-based literal statements were accompanied by the smallest number of metaphoric and iconic gestures. Furthermore, there was a significant similarity between each metaphorical category and its corresponding literal category in the number of gestures that were used with these categories. This similarity supports the idea that the mechanisms underlying the embodiment of metaphorical and literal statements are essentially similar. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T12:13:30Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0d4a9adbcc5046978b00151bb442cfa0 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-328X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T12:13:30Z |
| publishDate | 2022-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Behavioral Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-0d4a9adbcc5046978b00151bb442cfa02023-11-30T22:48:45ZengMDPI AGBehavioral Sciences2076-328X2022-07-0112723910.3390/bs12070239A Study of the Use of Iconic and Metaphoric Gestures with Motion-Based, Static Space-Based, Static Object-Based, and Static Event-Based StatementsOmid Khatin-Zadeh0Danyal Farsani1Hassan Banaruee2School of Foreign Languages, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, ChinaDepartment of Teacher Education, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, NorwayDepartment of English, American, and Celtic Studies, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, GermanyIn this article, we extend our previously suggested categorization of metaphors to literal statements, and categorize metaphorical and literal statements into four pairs of corresponding metaphorical and literal statements: (1) motion-based metaphorical/literal statements; (2) static space-based metaphorical/literal statements; (3) static object-based metaphorical/literal statements; (4) static event-based metaphorical/literal statements. Then, we report a study that investigated the use of metaphoric and iconic gestures with these corresponding categories during the retelling of a set of stories by a group of thirty participants. The participants listened to five audio short stories. Each story contained one statement of each metaphoric category and one statement of each literal category. After listening to each story, they retold it in their own language in front of a camera. The results showed that event-based metaphors and event-based literal statements were accompanied by the smallest number of metaphoric and iconic gestures. Furthermore, there was a significant similarity between each metaphorical category and its corresponding literal category in the number of gestures that were used with these categories. This similarity supports the idea that the mechanisms underlying the embodiment of metaphorical and literal statements are essentially similar.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-328X/12/7/239iconic gesturemetaphoric gesturemotion-basedstatic space-basedstatic object-basedstatic event-based |
| spellingShingle | Omid Khatin-Zadeh Danyal Farsani Hassan Banaruee A Study of the Use of Iconic and Metaphoric Gestures with Motion-Based, Static Space-Based, Static Object-Based, and Static Event-Based Statements Behavioral Sciences iconic gesture metaphoric gesture motion-based static space-based static object-based static event-based |
| title | A Study of the Use of Iconic and Metaphoric Gestures with Motion-Based, Static Space-Based, Static Object-Based, and Static Event-Based Statements |
| title_full | A Study of the Use of Iconic and Metaphoric Gestures with Motion-Based, Static Space-Based, Static Object-Based, and Static Event-Based Statements |
| title_fullStr | A Study of the Use of Iconic and Metaphoric Gestures with Motion-Based, Static Space-Based, Static Object-Based, and Static Event-Based Statements |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Study of the Use of Iconic and Metaphoric Gestures with Motion-Based, Static Space-Based, Static Object-Based, and Static Event-Based Statements |
| title_short | A Study of the Use of Iconic and Metaphoric Gestures with Motion-Based, Static Space-Based, Static Object-Based, and Static Event-Based Statements |
| title_sort | study of the use of iconic and metaphoric gestures with motion based static space based static object based and static event based statements |
| topic | iconic gesture metaphoric gesture motion-based static space-based static object-based static event-based |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-328X/12/7/239 |
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