In Vitro Effects of <i>Streptococcus oralis</i> Biofilm on Peri-Implant Soft Tissue Cells
Human gingival epithelial cells (HGEps) and fibroblasts (HGFs) are the main cell types in peri-implant soft tissue. HGEps are constantly exposed to bacteria, but HGFs are protected by connective tissue as long as the mucosa–implant seal is intact. <i>Streptococcus oralis</i> is one of th...
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MDPI AG
2020-05-01
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| Series: | Cells |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/9/5/1226 |
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| author | Alexandra Ingendoh-Tsakmakidis Jörg Eberhard Christine S. Falk Meike Stiesch Andreas Winkel |
| author_facet | Alexandra Ingendoh-Tsakmakidis Jörg Eberhard Christine S. Falk Meike Stiesch Andreas Winkel |
| author_sort | Alexandra Ingendoh-Tsakmakidis |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Human gingival epithelial cells (HGEps) and fibroblasts (HGFs) are the main cell types in peri-implant soft tissue. HGEps are constantly exposed to bacteria, but HGFs are protected by connective tissue as long as the mucosa–implant seal is intact. <i>Streptococcus oralis</i> is one of the commensal bacteria, is highly abundant at healthy implant sites, and might modulate soft tissue cells—as has been described for other streptococci. We have therefore investigated the effects of the <i>S. oralis</i> biofilm on HGEps and HGFs. HGEps or HGFs were grown separately on titanium disks and responded to challenge with <i>S. oralis</i> biofilm. HGFs were severely damaged after 4 h, exhibiting transcriptional inflammatory and stress responses. In contrast, challenge with <i>S. oralis</i> only induced a mild transcriptional inflammatory response in HGEps, without cellular damage. HGFs were more susceptible to the <i>S. oralis</i> biofilm than HGEps. The pro-inflammatory interleukin 6 (IL-6) was attenuated in HGFs, as was interleukin 8 (CXCL8) in HGEps. This indicates that <i>S. oralis</i> can actively protect tissue. In conclusion, commensal biofilms can promote homeostatic tissue protection, but only if the implant–mucosa interface is intact and HGFs are not directly exposed. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T19:48:17Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0d5858a4437849b9b06187023150902f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4409 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T19:48:17Z |
| publishDate | 2020-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cells |
| spelling | doaj.art-0d5858a4437849b9b06187023150902f2023-11-20T00:34:38ZengMDPI AGCells2073-44092020-05-0195122610.3390/cells9051226In Vitro Effects of <i>Streptococcus oralis</i> Biofilm on Peri-Implant Soft Tissue CellsAlexandra Ingendoh-Tsakmakidis0Jörg Eberhard1Christine S. Falk2Meike Stiesch3Andreas Winkel4Department of Prosthetic Dentistry and Biomedical Materials Science, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, GermanyDepartment of Prosthetic Dentistry and Biomedical Materials Science, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, GermanyInstitute of Transplant Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, GermanyDepartment of Prosthetic Dentistry and Biomedical Materials Science, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, GermanyDepartment of Prosthetic Dentistry and Biomedical Materials Science, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, GermanyHuman gingival epithelial cells (HGEps) and fibroblasts (HGFs) are the main cell types in peri-implant soft tissue. HGEps are constantly exposed to bacteria, but HGFs are protected by connective tissue as long as the mucosa–implant seal is intact. <i>Streptococcus oralis</i> is one of the commensal bacteria, is highly abundant at healthy implant sites, and might modulate soft tissue cells—as has been described for other streptococci. We have therefore investigated the effects of the <i>S. oralis</i> biofilm on HGEps and HGFs. HGEps or HGFs were grown separately on titanium disks and responded to challenge with <i>S. oralis</i> biofilm. HGFs were severely damaged after 4 h, exhibiting transcriptional inflammatory and stress responses. In contrast, challenge with <i>S. oralis</i> only induced a mild transcriptional inflammatory response in HGEps, without cellular damage. HGFs were more susceptible to the <i>S. oralis</i> biofilm than HGEps. The pro-inflammatory interleukin 6 (IL-6) was attenuated in HGFs, as was interleukin 8 (CXCL8) in HGEps. This indicates that <i>S. oralis</i> can actively protect tissue. In conclusion, commensal biofilms can promote homeostatic tissue protection, but only if the implant–mucosa interface is intact and HGFs are not directly exposed.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/9/5/1226<i>Streptococcus oralis</i>commensalco-culturebiofilmperi-implant mucosahuman gingival epithelial cells |
| spellingShingle | Alexandra Ingendoh-Tsakmakidis Jörg Eberhard Christine S. Falk Meike Stiesch Andreas Winkel In Vitro Effects of <i>Streptococcus oralis</i> Biofilm on Peri-Implant Soft Tissue Cells Cells <i>Streptococcus oralis</i> commensal co-culture biofilm peri-implant mucosa human gingival epithelial cells |
| title | In Vitro Effects of <i>Streptococcus oralis</i> Biofilm on Peri-Implant Soft Tissue Cells |
| title_full | In Vitro Effects of <i>Streptococcus oralis</i> Biofilm on Peri-Implant Soft Tissue Cells |
| title_fullStr | In Vitro Effects of <i>Streptococcus oralis</i> Biofilm on Peri-Implant Soft Tissue Cells |
| title_full_unstemmed | In Vitro Effects of <i>Streptococcus oralis</i> Biofilm on Peri-Implant Soft Tissue Cells |
| title_short | In Vitro Effects of <i>Streptococcus oralis</i> Biofilm on Peri-Implant Soft Tissue Cells |
| title_sort | in vitro effects of i streptococcus oralis i biofilm on peri implant soft tissue cells |
| topic | <i>Streptococcus oralis</i> commensal co-culture biofilm peri-implant mucosa human gingival epithelial cells |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/9/5/1226 |
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