Starch-Polyvinyl Alcohol-Based Films Reinforced with Chitosan Nanoparticles: Physical, Mechanical, Structural, Thermal and Antimicrobial Properties
The main purpose of the current study was to propose innovative composite films based on a corn starch/polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) blend (starch:PVA 40:60) and loaded with 3 different levels of chitosan nanoparticles (CNPs) (1, 3, and 5% <i>w</i>/<i>v</i>) to strengthen its physi...
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MDPI AG
2022-01-01
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| Series: | Applied Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/12/3/1111 |
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| author | Yahya Garavand Amin Taheri-Garavand Farhad Garavand Feizollah Shahbazi Diako Khodaei Ilaria Cacciotti |
| author_facet | Yahya Garavand Amin Taheri-Garavand Farhad Garavand Feizollah Shahbazi Diako Khodaei Ilaria Cacciotti |
| author_sort | Yahya Garavand |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The main purpose of the current study was to propose innovative composite films based on a corn starch/polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) blend (starch:PVA 40:60) and loaded with 3 different levels of chitosan nanoparticles (CNPs) (1, 3, and 5% <i>w</i>/<i>v</i>) to strengthen its physical, mechanical, structural, thermal and antimicrobial attributes. The synthesized CNPs were spherical with a particle size of ca. 100 nm as demonstrated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) micrographs and dynamic light scattering tests. The results showed that the CNPs incorporation within the starch-PVA 40:60 films promoted a uniform surface without any considerable pores. These films were characterized by a homogeneous CNP distribution within the polymer matrix, causing a significant decrease in water vapor permeability (WVP) (e.g., from 0.41 for the control film to 0.28 g·mm/kPa·h·m<sup>2</sup> for the composite film loaded with 5% CNPs). The film solubility, transparency, glass transition and melting temperatures, and elongation at break were also reduced by increasing the CNP content from 1% to 5%, while total color and tensile strength parameters increased. The antibacterial effects of CNPs were more effective against Gram-positive bacteria (<i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>) than Gram-negative bacteria (<i>Escherichia coli</i> and <i>Salmonella typhimurium</i>). It can be concluded that the addition of CNPs to the starch-PVA matrix could improve its functional and technological attributes for food packaging applications. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T00:15:38Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0d59dd65b8fd433fb80a110338aa0f3a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3417 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T00:15:38Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Applied Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-0d59dd65b8fd433fb80a110338aa0f3a2023-11-23T15:52:04ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172022-01-01123111110.3390/app12031111Starch-Polyvinyl Alcohol-Based Films Reinforced with Chitosan Nanoparticles: Physical, Mechanical, Structural, Thermal and Antimicrobial PropertiesYahya Garavand0Amin Taheri-Garavand1Farhad Garavand2Feizollah Shahbazi3Diako Khodaei4Ilaria Cacciotti5Mechanical Engineering of Biosystem Department, Lorestan University, Khorramabad 68151-44316, IranMechanical Engineering of Biosystem Department, Lorestan University, Khorramabad 68151-44316, IranDepartment of Food Chemistry and Technology, Teagasc Moorepark Food Research Centre, Fermoy, P61 C996 Co. Cork, IrelandMechanical Engineering of Biosystem Department, Lorestan University, Khorramabad 68151-44316, IranDepartment of Sport, Exercise, and Nutrition, Galway-Mayo Institute of Technology (GMIT), H91 T8NW Galway, IrelandDepartment of Engineering, University of Rome ‘Niccolò Cusano’, INSTM RU, 00166 Rome, ItalyThe main purpose of the current study was to propose innovative composite films based on a corn starch/polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) blend (starch:PVA 40:60) and loaded with 3 different levels of chitosan nanoparticles (CNPs) (1, 3, and 5% <i>w</i>/<i>v</i>) to strengthen its physical, mechanical, structural, thermal and antimicrobial attributes. The synthesized CNPs were spherical with a particle size of ca. 100 nm as demonstrated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) micrographs and dynamic light scattering tests. The results showed that the CNPs incorporation within the starch-PVA 40:60 films promoted a uniform surface without any considerable pores. These films were characterized by a homogeneous CNP distribution within the polymer matrix, causing a significant decrease in water vapor permeability (WVP) (e.g., from 0.41 for the control film to 0.28 g·mm/kPa·h·m<sup>2</sup> for the composite film loaded with 5% CNPs). The film solubility, transparency, glass transition and melting temperatures, and elongation at break were also reduced by increasing the CNP content from 1% to 5%, while total color and tensile strength parameters increased. The antibacterial effects of CNPs were more effective against Gram-positive bacteria (<i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>) than Gram-negative bacteria (<i>Escherichia coli</i> and <i>Salmonella typhimurium</i>). It can be concluded that the addition of CNPs to the starch-PVA matrix could improve its functional and technological attributes for food packaging applications.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/12/3/1111polyvinyl alcoholstarchchitosan nanoparticlesantibacterial effectspackaging film |
| spellingShingle | Yahya Garavand Amin Taheri-Garavand Farhad Garavand Feizollah Shahbazi Diako Khodaei Ilaria Cacciotti Starch-Polyvinyl Alcohol-Based Films Reinforced with Chitosan Nanoparticles: Physical, Mechanical, Structural, Thermal and Antimicrobial Properties Applied Sciences polyvinyl alcohol starch chitosan nanoparticles antibacterial effects packaging film |
| title | Starch-Polyvinyl Alcohol-Based Films Reinforced with Chitosan Nanoparticles: Physical, Mechanical, Structural, Thermal and Antimicrobial Properties |
| title_full | Starch-Polyvinyl Alcohol-Based Films Reinforced with Chitosan Nanoparticles: Physical, Mechanical, Structural, Thermal and Antimicrobial Properties |
| title_fullStr | Starch-Polyvinyl Alcohol-Based Films Reinforced with Chitosan Nanoparticles: Physical, Mechanical, Structural, Thermal and Antimicrobial Properties |
| title_full_unstemmed | Starch-Polyvinyl Alcohol-Based Films Reinforced with Chitosan Nanoparticles: Physical, Mechanical, Structural, Thermal and Antimicrobial Properties |
| title_short | Starch-Polyvinyl Alcohol-Based Films Reinforced with Chitosan Nanoparticles: Physical, Mechanical, Structural, Thermal and Antimicrobial Properties |
| title_sort | starch polyvinyl alcohol based films reinforced with chitosan nanoparticles physical mechanical structural thermal and antimicrobial properties |
| topic | polyvinyl alcohol starch chitosan nanoparticles antibacterial effects packaging film |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/12/3/1111 |
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