In Search of <i>Apis mellifera pomonella</i> in Kazakhstan
<i>Apis mellifera pomonella</i> is one of two subspecies that represent the eastern limits of honey bee (<i>Apis mellifera</i>) distribution, and it is important to understand its biogeography and evolution. Despite this, <i>A. m. pomonella</i> was not investigate...
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MDPI AG
2023-09-01
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| Series: | Life |
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| author | Kamshat Temirbayeva Aibyn Torekhanov Ulzhan Nuralieva Zhanar Sheralieva Adam Tofilski |
| author_facet | Kamshat Temirbayeva Aibyn Torekhanov Ulzhan Nuralieva Zhanar Sheralieva Adam Tofilski |
| author_sort | Kamshat Temirbayeva |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Apis mellifera pomonella</i> is one of two subspecies that represent the eastern limits of honey bee (<i>Apis mellifera</i>) distribution, and it is important to understand its biogeography and evolution. Despite this, <i>A. m. pomonella</i> was not investigated after its discovery 20 years ago. In particular, it is not known if it was hybridized or not with exotic subspecies introduced by beekeepers. In this study, we analysed the variation in honey bee forewing shape in Kazakhstan. Bees were collected from apiaries, where the origin of the queens was not controlled by beekeepers; they formed a group called “local bees”, and apiaries where queens declared as either <i>A. m. carnica</i> or <i>A. m. mellifera</i> were obtained from queen breeders. The two later groups were called “exotic bees”. We showed that local bees are still distinct from exotic ones. However, some samples showed signs of introgression with exotic subspecies from lineage C. In terms of wing shape, the local bees were most similar to lineage O. We concluded that the local bees most likely represented <i>A. m. pomonella</i>. We provided wing images and identification data, which can help to identify <i>A. m. pomonella</i> and protect it in the future. It is interesting that the nearby honey bee population sourced from China, which is not separated by any clear barrier to gene flow, belonged to lineage M. |
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| issn | 2075-1729 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T22:32:37Z |
| publishDate | 2023-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Life |
| spelling | doaj.art-0d68f3520b0f459dafe71ac0de6b07da2023-11-19T11:37:18ZengMDPI AGLife2075-17292023-09-01139186010.3390/life13091860In Search of <i>Apis mellifera pomonella</i> in KazakhstanKamshat Temirbayeva0Aibyn Torekhanov1Ulzhan Nuralieva2Zhanar Sheralieva3Adam Tofilski4Kazakh Research Institute of Livestock and Fodder Production, 51 Zhandosov Str., Almaty 050035, KazakhstanKazakh Research Institute of Livestock and Fodder Production, 51 Zhandosov Str., Almaty 050035, KazakhstanKazakh Research Institute of Livestock and Fodder Production, 51 Zhandosov Str., Almaty 050035, KazakhstanKazakh Research Institute of Livestock and Fodder Production, 51 Zhandosov Str., Almaty 050035, KazakhstanDepartment of Zoology and Animal Welfare, University of Agriculture in Krakow, 29 Listopada 56, 31-425 Krakow, Poland<i>Apis mellifera pomonella</i> is one of two subspecies that represent the eastern limits of honey bee (<i>Apis mellifera</i>) distribution, and it is important to understand its biogeography and evolution. Despite this, <i>A. m. pomonella</i> was not investigated after its discovery 20 years ago. In particular, it is not known if it was hybridized or not with exotic subspecies introduced by beekeepers. In this study, we analysed the variation in honey bee forewing shape in Kazakhstan. Bees were collected from apiaries, where the origin of the queens was not controlled by beekeepers; they formed a group called “local bees”, and apiaries where queens declared as either <i>A. m. carnica</i> or <i>A. m. mellifera</i> were obtained from queen breeders. The two later groups were called “exotic bees”. We showed that local bees are still distinct from exotic ones. However, some samples showed signs of introgression with exotic subspecies from lineage C. In terms of wing shape, the local bees were most similar to lineage O. We concluded that the local bees most likely represented <i>A. m. pomonella</i>. We provided wing images and identification data, which can help to identify <i>A. m. pomonella</i> and protect it in the future. It is interesting that the nearby honey bee population sourced from China, which is not separated by any clear barrier to gene flow, belonged to lineage M.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/13/9/1860honey beesnative populationexotic populationgeometric morphometryintrogression |
| spellingShingle | Kamshat Temirbayeva Aibyn Torekhanov Ulzhan Nuralieva Zhanar Sheralieva Adam Tofilski In Search of <i>Apis mellifera pomonella</i> in Kazakhstan Life honey bees native population exotic population geometric morphometry introgression |
| title | In Search of <i>Apis mellifera pomonella</i> in Kazakhstan |
| title_full | In Search of <i>Apis mellifera pomonella</i> in Kazakhstan |
| title_fullStr | In Search of <i>Apis mellifera pomonella</i> in Kazakhstan |
| title_full_unstemmed | In Search of <i>Apis mellifera pomonella</i> in Kazakhstan |
| title_short | In Search of <i>Apis mellifera pomonella</i> in Kazakhstan |
| title_sort | in search of i apis mellifera pomonella i in kazakhstan |
| topic | honey bees native population exotic population geometric morphometry introgression |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/13/9/1860 |
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