The Genomic Aftermath of Hybridization in the Opportunistic Pathogen Candida metapsilosis.
Candida metapsilosis is a rarely-isolated, opportunistic pathogen that belongs to a clade of pathogenic yeasts known as the C. parapsilosis sensu lato species complex. To gain insight into the recent evolution of C. metapsilosis and the genetic basis of its virulence, we sequenced the genome of 11 c...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2015-10-01
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| Series: | PLoS Genetics |
| Online Access: | http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC4627764?pdf=render |
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| author | Leszek P Pryszcz Tibor Németh Ester Saus Ewa Ksiezopolska Eva Hegedűsová Jozef Nosek Kenneth H Wolfe Attila Gacser Toni Gabaldón |
| author_facet | Leszek P Pryszcz Tibor Németh Ester Saus Ewa Ksiezopolska Eva Hegedűsová Jozef Nosek Kenneth H Wolfe Attila Gacser Toni Gabaldón |
| author_sort | Leszek P Pryszcz |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Candida metapsilosis is a rarely-isolated, opportunistic pathogen that belongs to a clade of pathogenic yeasts known as the C. parapsilosis sensu lato species complex. To gain insight into the recent evolution of C. metapsilosis and the genetic basis of its virulence, we sequenced the genome of 11 clinical isolates from various locations, which we compared to each other and to the available genomes of the two remaining members of the complex: C. orthopsilosis and C. parapsilosis. Unexpectedly, we found compelling genomic evidence that C. metapsilosis is a highly heterozygous hybrid species, with all sequenced clinical strains resulting from the same past hybridization event involving two parental lineages that were approximately 4.5% divergent in sequence. This result indicates that the parental species are non-pathogenic, but that hybridization between them formed a new opportunistic pathogen, C. metapsilosis, that has achieved a worldwide distribution. We show that these hybrids are diploid and we identified strains carrying loci for both alternative mating types, which supports mating as the initial mechanism for hybrid formation. We trace the aftermath of this hybridization at the genomic level, and reconstruct the evolutionary relationships among the different strains. Recombination and introgression -resulting in loss of heterozygosis- between the two subgenomes have been rampant, and includes the partial overwriting of the MTLa mating locus in all strains. Collectively, our results shed light on the recent genomic evolution within the C. parapsilosis sensu lato complex, and argue for a re-definition of species within this clade, with at least five distinct homozygous lineages, some of which having the ability to form hybrids. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-14T13:54:07Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0d84b75df2f54ee0b635b3a3fb810514 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1553-7390 1553-7404 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-14T13:54:07Z |
| publishDate | 2015-10-01 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PLoS Genetics |
| spelling | doaj.art-0d84b75df2f54ee0b635b3a3fb8105142022-12-21T22:58:53ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS Genetics1553-73901553-74042015-10-011110e100562610.1371/journal.pgen.1005626The Genomic Aftermath of Hybridization in the Opportunistic Pathogen Candida metapsilosis.Leszek P PryszczTibor NémethEster SausEwa KsiezopolskaEva HegedűsováJozef NosekKenneth H WolfeAttila GacserToni GabaldónCandida metapsilosis is a rarely-isolated, opportunistic pathogen that belongs to a clade of pathogenic yeasts known as the C. parapsilosis sensu lato species complex. To gain insight into the recent evolution of C. metapsilosis and the genetic basis of its virulence, we sequenced the genome of 11 clinical isolates from various locations, which we compared to each other and to the available genomes of the two remaining members of the complex: C. orthopsilosis and C. parapsilosis. Unexpectedly, we found compelling genomic evidence that C. metapsilosis is a highly heterozygous hybrid species, with all sequenced clinical strains resulting from the same past hybridization event involving two parental lineages that were approximately 4.5% divergent in sequence. This result indicates that the parental species are non-pathogenic, but that hybridization between them formed a new opportunistic pathogen, C. metapsilosis, that has achieved a worldwide distribution. We show that these hybrids are diploid and we identified strains carrying loci for both alternative mating types, which supports mating as the initial mechanism for hybrid formation. We trace the aftermath of this hybridization at the genomic level, and reconstruct the evolutionary relationships among the different strains. Recombination and introgression -resulting in loss of heterozygosis- between the two subgenomes have been rampant, and includes the partial overwriting of the MTLa mating locus in all strains. Collectively, our results shed light on the recent genomic evolution within the C. parapsilosis sensu lato complex, and argue for a re-definition of species within this clade, with at least five distinct homozygous lineages, some of which having the ability to form hybrids.http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC4627764?pdf=render |
| spellingShingle | Leszek P Pryszcz Tibor Németh Ester Saus Ewa Ksiezopolska Eva Hegedűsová Jozef Nosek Kenneth H Wolfe Attila Gacser Toni Gabaldón The Genomic Aftermath of Hybridization in the Opportunistic Pathogen Candida metapsilosis. PLoS Genetics |
| title | The Genomic Aftermath of Hybridization in the Opportunistic Pathogen Candida metapsilosis. |
| title_full | The Genomic Aftermath of Hybridization in the Opportunistic Pathogen Candida metapsilosis. |
| title_fullStr | The Genomic Aftermath of Hybridization in the Opportunistic Pathogen Candida metapsilosis. |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Genomic Aftermath of Hybridization in the Opportunistic Pathogen Candida metapsilosis. |
| title_short | The Genomic Aftermath of Hybridization in the Opportunistic Pathogen Candida metapsilosis. |
| title_sort | genomic aftermath of hybridization in the opportunistic pathogen candida metapsilosis |
| url | http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC4627764?pdf=render |
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