A Profile of Adult Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Pneumonia Patients According to Pneumococcal Vaccination Status
Certain patient profile characteristics, such as preexisting medical conditions, can modify the risk of developing SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia among adults vaccinated and not vaccinated against pneumococcal disease. This retrospective cohort study aimed to quantify the risk of pneumonia caused by SARS-CoV-...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-10-01
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| Series: | Vaccines |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/11/11/1630 |
| _version_ | 1797457591392010240 |
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| author | María Morales-Suárez-Varela Diana Toledo María Amelia Fernández-Sierra María Liébana Gerardo Rubiera Gema Navarro Concepción Prados Judith Chamarro Isabel Peraita-Costa Angela Domínguez Working Group of Project FIS PI19/00354 |
| author_facet | María Morales-Suárez-Varela Diana Toledo María Amelia Fernández-Sierra María Liébana Gerardo Rubiera Gema Navarro Concepción Prados Judith Chamarro Isabel Peraita-Costa Angela Domínguez Working Group of Project FIS PI19/00354 |
| author_sort | María Morales-Suárez-Varela |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Certain patient profile characteristics, such as preexisting medical conditions, can modify the risk of developing SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia among adults vaccinated and not vaccinated against pneumococcal disease. This retrospective cohort study aimed to quantify the risk of pneumonia caused by SARS-CoV-2 among individuals from 15 to 64 years old with and without pneumococcal vaccination in Spain during the 2020–2021 influenza season and establish a risk profile of patients more likely to develop SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia. Data (demographic information, patient medical history, and lifestyle habits) were gathered both directly from the patient via personal interview and by reviewing electronic medical records. In an adjusted analysis for pneumococcal vaccinated patients, visits to hospital outpatient clinics were protective while visits to primary health care services, being widowed, obese, and not using masks in outdoor open spaces were identified as risk factors. For patients who had not received a pneumococcal vaccine, visits to hospital outpatient clinics were protective, while being overweight or obese, alcohol consumption, and not using masks in outdoor open spaces were identified as risk factors. Concerning comorbidities, in the pneumococcal vaccinated group none were found to be protective but having diabetes or other respiratory diseases were identified as risk factors. In the unvaccinated group, undergoing immunosuppressive treatment and having metastatic tumors were protective factors, while cerebrovascular disease and obesity with a BMI ≥ 40 were risk factors. A similar risk profile for developing SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia in pneumococcal vaccinated and non-vaccinated individuals was found. Generally, vaccinated individuals had a lower risk of developing SARS-CoV-2. The findings suggest that vaccination against <i>S. pneumoniae</i> could prevent and reduce SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia. Additionally, this study has identified individuals with other medical conditions, such as obesity, underweight, diabetes, and a history of respiratory diseases, who are at an increased risk of developing SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia and could benefit from vaccination and supervision. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T16:23:16Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0d924b2f9e7543f3bd3a13cb38b80f2a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-393X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T16:23:16Z |
| publishDate | 2023-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Vaccines |
| spelling | doaj.art-0d924b2f9e7543f3bd3a13cb38b80f2a2023-11-24T15:09:52ZengMDPI AGVaccines2076-393X2023-10-011111163010.3390/vaccines11111630A Profile of Adult Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Pneumonia Patients According to Pneumococcal Vaccination StatusMaría Morales-Suárez-Varela0Diana Toledo1María Amelia Fernández-Sierra2María Liébana3Gerardo Rubiera4Gema Navarro5Concepción Prados6Judith Chamarro7Isabel Peraita-Costa8Angela Domínguez9Working Group of Project FIS PI19/00354Research Group in Social and Nutritional Epidemiology, Pharmacoepidemiology and Public Health, Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Food Sciences, Toxicology and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitat de València, Av. Vicent Andrés Estelles s/n, Burjassot, 46100 València, SpainBiomedical Research Center in Epidemiology and Public Health Network (CIBERESP), Carlos III Health Institute, Av. Monforte de Lemos 3-5 Pabellón 11 Planta 0, 28029 Madrid, SpainHospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Av. de las Fuerzas Armadas 2, 18014 Granada, SpainDepartment of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, C/Casanova 143, 08036 Barcelona, SpainHospital Universitario de Cabueñes, C/de Los Prados 395, 33394 Gijón, SpainParc Tauli Hospital Universitari, C/Parc Taulí 1, 08208 Sabadell, SpainHospital Universitario La Paz, P.º de la Castellana 261, 28046 Madrid, SpainHospital Universitario de Navarra, C/Irunlarrea 3, 31008 Pamplona, SpainResearch Group in Social and Nutritional Epidemiology, Pharmacoepidemiology and Public Health, Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Food Sciences, Toxicology and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitat de València, Av. Vicent Andrés Estelles s/n, Burjassot, 46100 València, SpainBiomedical Research Center in Epidemiology and Public Health Network (CIBERESP), Carlos III Health Institute, Av. Monforte de Lemos 3-5 Pabellón 11 Planta 0, 28029 Madrid, SpainCertain patient profile characteristics, such as preexisting medical conditions, can modify the risk of developing SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia among adults vaccinated and not vaccinated against pneumococcal disease. This retrospective cohort study aimed to quantify the risk of pneumonia caused by SARS-CoV-2 among individuals from 15 to 64 years old with and without pneumococcal vaccination in Spain during the 2020–2021 influenza season and establish a risk profile of patients more likely to develop SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia. Data (demographic information, patient medical history, and lifestyle habits) were gathered both directly from the patient via personal interview and by reviewing electronic medical records. In an adjusted analysis for pneumococcal vaccinated patients, visits to hospital outpatient clinics were protective while visits to primary health care services, being widowed, obese, and not using masks in outdoor open spaces were identified as risk factors. For patients who had not received a pneumococcal vaccine, visits to hospital outpatient clinics were protective, while being overweight or obese, alcohol consumption, and not using masks in outdoor open spaces were identified as risk factors. Concerning comorbidities, in the pneumococcal vaccinated group none were found to be protective but having diabetes or other respiratory diseases were identified as risk factors. In the unvaccinated group, undergoing immunosuppressive treatment and having metastatic tumors were protective factors, while cerebrovascular disease and obesity with a BMI ≥ 40 were risk factors. A similar risk profile for developing SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia in pneumococcal vaccinated and non-vaccinated individuals was found. Generally, vaccinated individuals had a lower risk of developing SARS-CoV-2. The findings suggest that vaccination against <i>S. pneumoniae</i> could prevent and reduce SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia. Additionally, this study has identified individuals with other medical conditions, such as obesity, underweight, diabetes, and a history of respiratory diseases, who are at an increased risk of developing SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia and could benefit from vaccination and supervision.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/11/11/1630SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia<i>Streptococcus pneumoniae</i>pneumococcal vaccine |
| spellingShingle | María Morales-Suárez-Varela Diana Toledo María Amelia Fernández-Sierra María Liébana Gerardo Rubiera Gema Navarro Concepción Prados Judith Chamarro Isabel Peraita-Costa Angela Domínguez Working Group of Project FIS PI19/00354 A Profile of Adult Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Pneumonia Patients According to Pneumococcal Vaccination Status Vaccines SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia <i>Streptococcus pneumoniae</i> pneumococcal vaccine |
| title | A Profile of Adult Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Pneumonia Patients According to Pneumococcal Vaccination Status |
| title_full | A Profile of Adult Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Pneumonia Patients According to Pneumococcal Vaccination Status |
| title_fullStr | A Profile of Adult Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Pneumonia Patients According to Pneumococcal Vaccination Status |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Profile of Adult Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Pneumonia Patients According to Pneumococcal Vaccination Status |
| title_short | A Profile of Adult Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Pneumonia Patients According to Pneumococcal Vaccination Status |
| title_sort | profile of adult severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 pneumonia patients according to pneumococcal vaccination status |
| topic | SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia <i>Streptococcus pneumoniae</i> pneumococcal vaccine |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/11/11/1630 |
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