Bacterial Co-Infections and Antimicrobial Resistance in Patients Hospitalized with Suspected or Confirmed COVID-19 Pneumonia in Kazakhstan
Our study was carried out to characterize respiratory tract microbiota in patients with “COVID-like pneumonia” in Kazakhstan and analyze differences between COVID-19 positive and negative groups. Sputum samples were collected from hospitalized patients, ≥18 years old, in the three cities in Kazakhst...
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MDPI AG
2023-02-01
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| Series: | Pathogens |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/12/3/370 |
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| author | Alyona Lavrinenko Svetlana Kolesnichenko Irina Kadyrova Anar Turmukhambetova Lyudmila Akhmaltdinova Dmitriy Klyuyev |
| author_facet | Alyona Lavrinenko Svetlana Kolesnichenko Irina Kadyrova Anar Turmukhambetova Lyudmila Akhmaltdinova Dmitriy Klyuyev |
| author_sort | Alyona Lavrinenko |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Our study was carried out to characterize respiratory tract microbiota in patients with “COVID-like pneumonia” in Kazakhstan and analyze differences between COVID-19 positive and negative groups. Sputum samples were collected from hospitalized patients, ≥18 years old, in the three cities in Kazakhstan with the highest COVID-19 burden in July 2020. Isolates were identified by MALDI-TOF MS. Susceptibility testing was performed by disk diffusion. We used SPSS 26 and MedCalc 19 for statistical analysis. Among 209 patients with pneumonia, the median age was 62 years and 55% were male. RT-PCR-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 cases were found in 40% of patients, and 46% had a bacterial co-infection. Co-infection was not associated with SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR test results, but antibiotic use was. The most frequent bacteria were <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> (23%), <i>Escherichia coli</i> (12%), and <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> (11%). Notably, 68% of <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> had phenotypic evidence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases in disk diffusion assays, 87% of <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> exhibited resistance to beta-lactams, and >50% of <i>E. coli</i> strains had evidence of ESBL production and 64% were resistant to fluoroquinolones. Patients with a bacterial co-infection had a higher proportion of severe disease than those without a co-infection. The results reinforce the importance of using appropriate targeted antibiotics and effective infection control practices to prevent the spread of resistant nosocomial infections. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T06:02:52Z |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-0817 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T06:02:52Z |
| publishDate | 2023-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Pathogens |
| spelling | doaj.art-0da7cdef6b8d43be86fce3ce256ee0da2023-11-17T13:09:02ZengMDPI AGPathogens2076-08172023-02-0112337010.3390/pathogens12030370Bacterial Co-Infections and Antimicrobial Resistance in Patients Hospitalized with Suspected or Confirmed COVID-19 Pneumonia in KazakhstanAlyona Lavrinenko0Svetlana Kolesnichenko1Irina Kadyrova2Anar Turmukhambetova3Lyudmila Akhmaltdinova4Dmitriy Klyuyev5Research Laboratory, Karaganda Medical University, Karaganda 100008, KazakhstanResearch Laboratory, Karaganda Medical University, Karaganda 100008, KazakhstanResearch Laboratory, Karaganda Medical University, Karaganda 100008, KazakhstanManagement Department, Karaganda Medical University, Karaganda 100008, KazakhstanResearch Laboratory, Karaganda Medical University, Karaganda 100008, KazakhstanResearch Laboratory, Karaganda Medical University, Karaganda 100008, KazakhstanOur study was carried out to characterize respiratory tract microbiota in patients with “COVID-like pneumonia” in Kazakhstan and analyze differences between COVID-19 positive and negative groups. Sputum samples were collected from hospitalized patients, ≥18 years old, in the three cities in Kazakhstan with the highest COVID-19 burden in July 2020. Isolates were identified by MALDI-TOF MS. Susceptibility testing was performed by disk diffusion. We used SPSS 26 and MedCalc 19 for statistical analysis. Among 209 patients with pneumonia, the median age was 62 years and 55% were male. RT-PCR-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 cases were found in 40% of patients, and 46% had a bacterial co-infection. Co-infection was not associated with SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR test results, but antibiotic use was. The most frequent bacteria were <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> (23%), <i>Escherichia coli</i> (12%), and <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> (11%). Notably, 68% of <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> had phenotypic evidence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases in disk diffusion assays, 87% of <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> exhibited resistance to beta-lactams, and >50% of <i>E. coli</i> strains had evidence of ESBL production and 64% were resistant to fluoroquinolones. Patients with a bacterial co-infection had a higher proportion of severe disease than those without a co-infection. The results reinforce the importance of using appropriate targeted antibiotics and effective infection control practices to prevent the spread of resistant nosocomial infections.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/12/3/370COVID-19 clinical managementliving guidancebacterial co-infectionsKazakhstan |
| spellingShingle | Alyona Lavrinenko Svetlana Kolesnichenko Irina Kadyrova Anar Turmukhambetova Lyudmila Akhmaltdinova Dmitriy Klyuyev Bacterial Co-Infections and Antimicrobial Resistance in Patients Hospitalized with Suspected or Confirmed COVID-19 Pneumonia in Kazakhstan Pathogens COVID-19 clinical management living guidance bacterial co-infections Kazakhstan |
| title | Bacterial Co-Infections and Antimicrobial Resistance in Patients Hospitalized with Suspected or Confirmed COVID-19 Pneumonia in Kazakhstan |
| title_full | Bacterial Co-Infections and Antimicrobial Resistance in Patients Hospitalized with Suspected or Confirmed COVID-19 Pneumonia in Kazakhstan |
| title_fullStr | Bacterial Co-Infections and Antimicrobial Resistance in Patients Hospitalized with Suspected or Confirmed COVID-19 Pneumonia in Kazakhstan |
| title_full_unstemmed | Bacterial Co-Infections and Antimicrobial Resistance in Patients Hospitalized with Suspected or Confirmed COVID-19 Pneumonia in Kazakhstan |
| title_short | Bacterial Co-Infections and Antimicrobial Resistance in Patients Hospitalized with Suspected or Confirmed COVID-19 Pneumonia in Kazakhstan |
| title_sort | bacterial co infections and antimicrobial resistance in patients hospitalized with suspected or confirmed covid 19 pneumonia in kazakhstan |
| topic | COVID-19 clinical management living guidance bacterial co-infections Kazakhstan |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/12/3/370 |
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